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Biomedical subjects

E Gazit

Publications and source records attributed to E Gazit.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Mandibular growth and histologic changes in condylar cartilage of rats intoxicated with vitamin D3 or 1,25(OH)2D3 and pair-fed (undernourished) rats.

The mandibular condyles of 1,25(OH)2D3 or Vitamin D3 intoxicated rats were studied and compared with those of normal as well as pair-fed controls. Experimental animals were injected with either Vitamin D3 (2 mg/kg/day) or 1,25(OH)2D3 (400 ng/kg/day) for 19 days. Controls were given the solvent only, while pair-fed animals were restricted in their food intake for the same period of time, so that they exhibited a weight-curve similar to that of the experimental rats. The length of the mandibular ramus was measured in lateral radiographs of all mandibles. Demineralized coronal sections were obtained from all mandibular condyles and were stained with Mallory's connective tissue stain. The width of each zone within the condylar cartilage was measured. Experimental animals showed significant reduction in width of all layers within the condylar cartilage, with total lack of distinction between the maturation and hypertrophic zones. They also exhibited a significant retardation in growth of the mandible. Pair-fed animals had a normal width of the chondroprogenitor layer but significantly smaller maturation + hypertrophic zones (vs. controls). They also exhibited a significant retardation in mandibular growth but not to the same degree as did the intoxicated animals. Reduction in growth attributed to 1,25(OH)2D3 or Vitamin D3 intoxication is partly caused by undernutrition, which is a by-product of this condition. A further kinetic study is indicated to elucidate the mechanism of growth retardation and the differential effect on the various cartilage layers.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effect of cytosine arabinoside on differentiation of normal human bone marrow cells.

Human normal bone marrow cells were evaluated for alteration of differentiation after exposure for seven days to 10(-12)-10(-9) M cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C) in liquid culture. An increased number of induced cells had the morphologic appearance of mature monocytes-macrophages; they adhered to petri dishes, reacted positively to fluoride-sensitive naphthyl acetate esterase, and specifically bound My4 monoclonal antibody (MCAb). Assessment of phagocytosis and killing of Candida albicans (CA) by cultured monocytes-macrophages exposed to ARA-C demonstrated that treated cells had the same capacity to phagocytose and kill CA as did untreated cells. In semisolid culture, low doses of ARA-C did not affect myeloid colony growth. These studies indicate that ARA-C enhances monocytic differentiation of normal human bone marrow cells in liquid culture.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1986

The effects of Con A-induced lymphokines from the T-lymphocyte subpopulations on human monocyte leishmanicidal capacity and H2O2 production.

The effects of concanavilin A (Con A)-induced lymphokines from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, enriched helper and suppressor lymphocyte populations and recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on the ability of monocytes to promote killing of intracellular Leishmania major (L. major) amastigotes and to induce the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was examined. All these mitogen-induced supernatants contained active IFN-gamma. There were no differences in the ability of these supernatants or IFN-gamma to promote the monocyte killing of the L. major amastigotes or H2O2 production. An increase in H2O2 production by monocyte monolayers was observed following the addition of either of these supernatants or IFN-gamma alone. In addition, a marked increase in the production of H2O2 was observed following priming with either of these mitogen-induced supernatants or IFN-gamma and the addition of a second stimulus, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Monoclonal antibody to IFN-gamma abrogated the increase in production of H2O2 by all these mitogen-induced supernatants; however, this antibody only resulted in partial inhibition of the leishmaniacidal effect of these lymphokines on human monocytes. These results would suggest that IFN-gamma is the component of the lymphokine that is largely or exclusively responsible for H2O2 production, while other factors in addition to IFN-gamma are important in promoting oxygen-independent mechanisms for the killing of intracellular L. major amastigotes.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1985

Expression of extra class I major histocompatibility antigens on T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) lymphoblasts.

The presence of extra HLA antigens has been demonstrated, serologically and biochemically, on the surface of lymphoblasts from a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia of the T-cell subtype (T-ALL). Family analysis of this patient revealed the presence of the expected antigens, plus an additional HLA antigen (A24) which could be demonstrated by cytotoxicity on the lymphoblasts. Absorption studies revealed that the lymphoblasts had the ability to remove cytotoxic antibodies from alloantisera; similarly, absorption of these alloantisera with normal cells removed the reaction against the extra antigen from the lymphoblasts. The extra HLA molecules were also demonstrated by one-dimensional IEF. Two heavy chain-like molecules, together with the beta 2m subunit, were obtained after removal of appropriate antigens from externally labeled leukemia cells by the use of monoclonal antibody W6/32, which detects a class I specific determinant. The pI of the one heavy chain was shown to be very similar to that of the serologically detected A24. Our data thus suggest that the extra antigens detected by serological reagents may have been due to activation of silent class I MHC gene(s) at the protein level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Mandibular dysfunction in 10-18 year old school children as related to morphological malocclusion.

An association was sought between certain morphologic characteristics of malocclusion--Angle classification, over-bite, over-jet, open-bite, cross-bite and crowding--and the presence or absence of three cardinal symptoms of mandibular dysfunction--joint sounds, joint sensitivity to palpation and muscle sensitivity--in a sample of 369 Israeli school children. In addition, two additional independent variables, 'occlusal wear' and 'previous orthodontic treatment' were introduced into the statistical analysis. Occlusal wear and abnormal overbite were the only factors found to increase significantly the presence of dysfunction symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Ia-like antigens in the small intestinal mucosa of normal and celiac children.

The small-intestinal mucosa of normal children and of celiac patients was studied using the Class II DP (SB) Ia-like monoclonal antibody ILR-1 and an immunoperoxidase technique. Positive staining of the Golgi region of the epithelial cells of villi and crypts, and of the brush border of villous epithelium, was seen in the histologically normal mucosa. In active celiac disease with "flat" mucosa, the surface epithelium showed poor staining, but the crypt epithelium stained strongly in the Golgi region. We suggest that the Ia-like antigens are a product of the epithelial cells themselves, arising most likely in the Golgi apparatus, and that this staining pattern is altered in active celiac disease.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1984

Expression of HLA-DR alloantigens on acute lymphoblastic leukemia lymphoblasts.

We have described the expression of HLA-DR alloantigens on the surface of lymphoblasts from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The patient groups included 49 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients (15 common ALL [CALLA +]; 11 "Null" ALL [CALLA-]; 19 T-Cell ALL; 4 Pre-B ALL, and one patient with hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Thirty one of these patients, who exhibited Ia-like antigens demonstrable by monoclonal antibodies, expressed HLA-DR utilizing alloantisera to Class II histocompatibility alloantigens (25/26 non-T-ALL; 2/4 Pre-B ALL; 3/19 T-ALL, and one HCL). The expression of HLA-DR on lymphoblasts was confirmed by family studies of five patients, indicating that ALL lymphoblasts can be used to perform HLA-DR phenotyping or genotyping of such patients. Another important finding was the coexpression on T-cell ALL lymphoblasts of markers for T-helper, T-supressor/cytotoxic, and thymic differentiation marker T6, together with Ia-like and HLA-DR, in one patient, and markers for T-helper, T6, and CALLA in another patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Prevalence of mandibular dysfunction in 10-18 year old Israeli schoolchildren.

The prevalence of mandibular dysfunction in a sample of 369 Israeli schoolchildren was found to be 56.4%, indicating that one or more of the cardinal symptoms were present. It increased with age from about 51% in the 10-13 year old group to 67.8% in the 16-18 year olds. The most common cardinal sign of dysfunction was joint sounds (35.8%), which increased with age from 28% in the youngest group to 44.3% in the oldest group. The second most common sign was joint sensitivity to palpation (30.4%), which showed a slight increase in the oldest group. Sensitivity of the superficial muscles was recorded third, with 20%. Joint pain and restriction of mandibular movement appeared infrequently. Two of the more common cardinal symptoms, namely joint sounds and muscle sensitivity, were statistically related to several possible aetiological factors and to age and sex. Analysis of association showed that the probability of muscle sensitivity increased in the presence of malocclusion and/or joint sensitivity to palpation. It also showed that age, occlusal wear, locking of the jaw and joint sensitivity to palpation increased the probability of joint sounds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Alloantibodies to PHA-activated lymphocytes detect human Qa-like antigens.

Platelet-absorbed sera were obtained from placental clots after delivery by multiparous women. These sera contained antibodies that react with PHA-activated lymphocytes after the latter are separated from peripheral blood and expanded with interleukin 2. These alloantibodies did not react with resting T lymphocytes, but reacted with B lymphocytes, PHA-activated lymphocytes, or both types of cells obtained from some but not all of the T lymphocyte donors. Reactions against B lymphocytes were associated with anti-Ia-like antibodies on the basis of blockage by turkey antibodies against human Ia. Reactions against PHA-activated lymphocytes that were blocked by turkey anti-beta 2m were classified as 'HT'. Several antibodies were found to give reactions to HT determinants in separate panels of lymphocytes from Tel Aviv and Boston. The reproducibility of the cytotoxicity reactions was 89%. Altogether, 23 of 1100 sera were found to contain these reactions when screened by a panel of cells obtained from 30 individuals of known HLA phenotypes. Correlation coefficients were determined for all reactions, determining three clusters of significant reactivities: sera 965 and 1032 defined HT-2; sera SF48 and 1642 defined HT-3; and sera 1136, 1605, 1014, and 1227 defined HT-4. HT-2 was found to be inherited with HLA in 11 siblings from four families. Some of these antibodies react with antigens (non-HLA) containing beta 2m that were expressed on activated lymphocytes, but not on resting T lymphocytes, and did not react with thymocytes from the same donors of the peripheral lymphocytes. Our findings suggest that the HT alloantigens expressed on lectin-activated lymphocytes are class I differentiation antigens of a system analogous to the murine Qa system.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1983

Phenotypic characterization of acute leukemia with monoclonal antibodies using the microlymphocytotoxicity assay.

Surface antigens of lymphoblasts from 56 pediatric ALL patients were studied with a set of complement fixing monoclonal antibodies. This group of lymphoblasts was comprised of 22 T-cell ALL, 22 CALLA+ Ia+ ALL and 12 non-T-non-B, CALLA- Ia+ ALL. For comparison, two adult T-cell CLL and six B-cell CLL were also studied. It was found that by using the microlymphocytotoxicity technique, the lymphoblasts can be assigned their immunophenotype and thus be classified into their respective lineage and stage of differentiation. In the samples tested, concordant reactivity was observed when FACS fluorescence profile was compared with that of microlymphocytotoxicity suggesting that the latter can be used especially when qualitative estimates are required.

Acute Disease↗