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Biomedical subjects

E Gabriel

Publications and source records attributed to E Gabriel.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Comparative studies of the hardness of dental calculus after the use of 2 dentifrices].

A method was described for recording the mechanical characteristics of tartar using objectively comparable test data. This method was used to study tartar which had formed when different tooth pastes were used. The results of this study indicate that 1. Tartar formed when different tooth pastes are used may exhibit different characteristics; 2. The dynamic measurement of indentation is suitable for quantitative determination of the mechanical characteristics of tartar. These mechanical characteristics have not been ascertainable until now.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1978

Plasma activity of pyruvate kinase and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase as indices of myopathy in the vitamin E deficient rat.

Weanling rats were fed vitamin E deficient diets for 6 to 15 weeks and then given vitamin E orally for 4 days. Plasma obtained 1 day after the last dose was assayed for glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) and pyruvate kinase activity (PK). Administration of vitamin E resulted in reduction in activity of both enzymes. Plasma levels of alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, and bilirubin were unaffected by vitamin E and there was no histological evidence of liver degeneration. The number of phagocytized muscle fibers was greatly reduced by vitamin E treatment, but a substantial number of necrotic fibers were still present. With more prolonged (8 days) treatment, plasma PK and GOT levels were reduced to levels found in plasma of vitamin E replete animals and few degenerated muscle fibers could be observed. It was concluded that resolution of the necrotizing myopathy in vitamin E deficient rats is a rapid process and that the decreased activity of PK and GOT in plasma is a sensitive indicator of the resolution process. The decrease in plasma enzyme levels is an easily quantitated and reproducible biological response to vitamin E administration. Thus, this approach provides a basis for a sensitive and accurate bioassay for vitamin E activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Spatial variations of the mechanical properties of dental enamel and dentin].

Cuts with a Vickers diamond were made in five horizontal planes of the upper third of the crown of human lower premolars. At the same time the depth of entry was registered directly during the cutting with adot screen with a distance of about 150 mu between the dots. The depth of the cuts obtained was determined by optical measurement of breadth. Only in the fissure enamel was a slight hardening in the cervical direction observed. With a 5 p loading of the cutter diamond the reversible (elastic) deformation in the dentine is 0,4 +/- 0,1 micrometer greater than in the enamel. The optically determined cutting depth (irreversible deformation) amounted to 1,2 +/- 0,1 micrometer or 2,1 +/- 0,2 micrometer in enamel and dentine.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1978

[Determination of the surface topography of etched dental surfaces].

Klinger and Gabriel recently described a method for the determination of surface topography in which the surface is probed by a mechano-electrical movable handle attached to defined line-scanner pattern. The evaluation of the "surface topogram" thus obtained is elucidated with the aid of a surface topogram of a straight fissure. A contour map is drawn with the help of this surface topogram for an area of about 300 micron X 500 micron of a cauterized surface in the enamel of a transverse cut. This shows that broad cauterization structures occur not only in the enamel near the dentine but also in the area of outer enamel which is caused by differential dehiscence or splitting of enamel prisms with different orientation towards the cut surface.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1977

Reversal by physostigmine of clozapine-induced delirium.

Clozapine, a new antipsychotic drug without extrapyramidal side effects and with strong sedating potency, can produce acute symptoms of central anticholinergic toxicity. The authors report that physostigmine, a reversible anticholinesterase agent, which can pass the blood-brain barrier, was effective in reversing the clozapine-induced brain syndrome in two patients. Physostigmine also reduced one patient's tachycardia.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[The determination of mechanical properties of hard tissue surfaces in microareas by means of mechano-electrical methods].

The resistance of surfaces of hard tissue against chemical attacks e.g. acids can be measured with high spacial specifity by electro-mechanical registration of surface topograms. Apart from this property of hard substance, important in connection with the development of caries, the sample principle of measurement can be used in vitro on dental surfaces to obtain other important measurements. Examples are given to show how the hardness is determined by the summation of elastic and plastic properties. It is shown how far during the usual measurements for hardness of impressions the duration of the process and the time elapsed before measurement can influence the results.

Acids↗
PubMed1977

[Changes of heart rate in relation to diurnal variations in endogenic depression in women].

Heart rate data as produced by the subjects under investigation both in resting conditions and taken as total means per trial initially showed a trend towards ergotropic, clearly tachycardiac behavior; with the onset of thymoleptic drug therapy, there followed a further increase in heart rate, frequencies remaining more or less stationary on this level during the 26-day period observed by us. We found differences between morning and evening data of session A with 50% of subjects, 25% showing higher frequencies in their morning data, the reverse applying to a further 25%. The remaining 50% did not show any differences worth mentioning. At the end of the investigation period, the relation changed in favor of an increase in heart rate in the evening with 50% of subjects, whereas only 12.5% showed increased heart rate in the morning; 37.5% did not show significant differences. We could not demonstrate these results to be related to diurnal variation, degree of depression or course of the disease.

Circadian Rhythm↗
PubMed1977

[Relations between subjective-psychological, physiological and behavioral levels in endogenous depressions].

In a longitudinal study of depressed episodes, changes in patients' state were examined by variables on the subjective-psychological, physiological and behavioral levels, respectively. Starting from the hypothesis of a systematic connection of these variables changes in patients' condition were defined from merely one of the above-mentioned levels, i.e. the test-psychological criteria relating to the subjective-psychological level ('Polaritätsprofil'). Results based on the rank analysis of covariance are presented which show the complex multivariate correlations between the three levels.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1976

[Individual conditions of pharmacogenic confusion conditions. Comparison of amitriptyline and clozapine].

The literature was surveyed concerning the frequency and conditions for confusional states and deliria following Amitriptyline and Clozapine treatment, and certain discrepancies were noted. As a result a retrospective comparative investigation was carried out as to the frequency and the conditions for such events in a group of patients treated along the same lines. While our experience with Amitriptyline is not different from that reported by others, this does not seem to be the case with Clozapine. Confusional states and deliria are four times as frequent as the average reported in the literature; it is clear that they depend on conditions different from those of confusional states and deliria due to Amitriptyline; there is a slightly significant (p less than 0.05) correlation between the appearance of confusion and a temperature of over 37.5 degrees C. The anticholinergic properties of Amitriptyline and of Clozapine cannot explain the difference in frequency, nor the differing conditions for the appearance, of pharmacogenic confusional states and deliria with those two substances.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[The variation of the depth of the cervices in the ground surface of the tooth].

Variations in the depth of scratches in a transverse section of a premolar was studied. The scratches were produced by a Vickers diamond whose vertical deviations during scratching were measured by an inductive distance recorder and continually registered by an xy-recorder. The depth of scratches in all areas of the enamel was almost constant with only minimal variation. In the dentine, too, the variations were small, the constant being greater than in the enamel. The greatest depth was measured in interglobular dentine.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1976

[Paranoid syndromes in the involution (author's transl)].

Conditions of outbreak and chronification of paranoid syndromes, including the existence of an "axial syndrome" and behaviour theories are hypothetically summarized. The individual characteristics of patients with the first paranoid symptoms during involution appear to depend mainly on three factors: the theme of the delusion seems to be connected with the age at the onset, in more than half of the male patients exogenous psychoorganic symptoms were observed, and in females however predominantly manic-depressive syndroms could be found.

Adult↗