Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Fuchs

Publications and source records attributed to E Fuchs.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Regulation of terminal differentiation of cultured human keratinocytes by vitamin A.

Vitamin A is known to exert an important influence on epithelial differentiation. The fetal calf serum supplement of cell-culture medium contains enough of the vitamin to affect the differentiation of cultured keratinocytes derived from epidermis and from other stratified squamous epithelia. The cellular and molecular properties of the cultures are altered when the medium is supplemented with serum from which the vitamin A has been removed by solvent extraction (delipidized serum). Cell motility is reduced, the adhesiveness of cells increases and pattern formation is prevented. In both epidermal and conjunctival keratinocytes, removal of vitamin A leads to the synthesis of a 67 kd keratin characteristic of terminally differentiating epidermis and to much reduced synthesis of the 52 kd and 40 kd keratins typical of conjunctiva. These changes, both cellular and molecular, are reversed by the addition of retinyl acetate to the medium containing delipidized serum. Cell motility and pattern formation are restored, and detachment of the most mature cells from the surface of the stratified epithelium is promoted. Synthesis of the 67 kd keratin is prevented and the synthesis of the 40 and 52 kd keratins is stimulated. The nature of the keratins synthesized is regulated by the concentration of vitamin A, and each cell type adjusts its synthesis differently at a given vitamin concentration.

Cell Aggregation↗
PubMed1980

Stress hematuria: athletic pseudonephritis in marathoners.

Hematuria and proteinuria have been noted in athletes after heavy exercise. Evaluation of 383 marathoners after a 26-mile, 385-yard run revealed hematuria in 17 per cent and proteinuria in 30 per cent. These abnormalities were not related to sex. The condition is transient and appears to be benign. A diagnostic approach to avoid missing significant renal or urologic disease is outlined.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Management of postoperative pelvic lymphoceles.

Lymphoceles following pelvic surgery are not rare events. The management of this postoperative complication in 18 patients included needle aspiration, external drainage, and intraperitoneal marsupialization. The following diagnostic and therapeutic approach is recommended: ultrasonographic definition of the lymphocele; excretory urography to assess upper urinary tract obstruction; observation of small, nonobstructing, asymptomatic lymphoceles; needle aspiration for diagnosis confirmation; intraperitoneal marsupialization for noninfected, large lymphoceles that are obstructing the upper urinary tract or are symptomatic; and incision and drainage of small or infected lymphoceles.

Drainage↗
PubMed1980

Changes in keratin gene expression during terminal differentiation of the keratinocyte.

Cells of the inner layers of the epidermis contain small keratins (46-58K), whereas the cells of the outer layers contain large keratins (63-67K) in addition to small ones. The changes in keratin composition that take place within each cell during the course of its terminal differentiation result largely from changes in synthesis. Cultured epidermal cells resemble cells of the inner layers of the epidermis in synthesizing only small keratins. The cultured cells possess translatable mRNA only for small keratins, whereas mRNA extracted from whole epidermis can be translated into both large and small keratins. As no synthesis takes place in the outermost layer of the epidermis (stratum corneum), the keratins of this layer must be synthesized earlier, but in some cases they then become smaller: this presumably occurs by post-translational processing of the molecules during the final stages of differentiation. Stratified squamous epithelia of internal organs do not form a typical stratum corneum and do not make the large keratins characteristic of epidermis. Their keratins are also different from those of cultured keratinocytes, implying that they have embarked on an alternate route of terminal keratin synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Demonstration of the early--late switch in vitro with bacteriophage T7 DNA as template.

A protein-synthesizing system in vitro, programmed with bacteriophage T7 DNA as template, changed the specificity of gene expression in the course of incubation as a result of newly synthesized T7 early proteins. The system mimics largely the situation in vivo on both the transcriptional and the translational levels, i.e. early gene expression is turned off shortly after late synthesis has been started. These results suggest that the switch from early to late expression does not necessarily require changes in the cellular environment nor is it dependent on the presence of membranes. The main part in this process is played by the phage-dependent RNA polymerase (gene 1 product), whose activity appears 8-10 min after start of incubation. When its activity is reduced by inhibitors or creation of non-optimal conditions, the system is not able to manage the early--late switch.

DNA, Viral↗
PubMed1979

[The "rubtest" and RAST].

The "rubtest" to induce an immediate reaction with various inhalative and ingestive allergens has proved to be a very reliable, easily demonstrable and extremely simple method for detection of allergy-type I, especially of the "highest-sensitivity-type". Recent examinations confirmed the clinical importance and the high correlation between the "rub-test", the IgE-titre (RAST) and the endpoint-skin test-titration.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

[Clinical diagnosis of allergy (author's transl)].

"Allergic" manifestations are not necessarily of allergic origin; they can also be produced by non-allergic factors and their true allergic nature must, therefore, be proved. A detailed personal history and the presence of eosinophilia (in the blood or secretions) are suggestive evidence which has to be confirmed by the identification of specific antibodies of the immunoglobulin-E type. Criteria for arriving at the diagnosis "allergy" are (a) demonstration of antibodies by skin and mucous membrane tests with allergen extracts; (b) demonstration of the activity of the identified allergen by challenge tests on the reacting organ (conjunctiva, nose, bronchi); (c) in-vitro demonstration of the allergen-specific immunoglobulin-E by means of the radio-allergo-sorbent test. Details for the performance of the various tests are given and the interpretation and significance of the findings are discussed.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

[Obstructive diseases of the respiratory tract caused by industrial allergens (author's transl)].

Obstructive diseases of the respiratory tract caused by allergising substances at the place of work, must be classified and compensated as occupational diseases - provided certain conditions are fulfilled - according to item No. 4301 of the currently valid Industrial Health Insurance legislation. The article discusses the aetiopathogenesis as well as the special features of clinic and diagnosis of occupationally conditioned allergic obstruction of the respiratory tract, previously known as asthma bronchiale. In contrast to "spontaneous" allergy, the occupational cause of the disease is due to the often massive exposition to allergens at the place of work, as well as the frequently aggressive potency of several industrial allergens, these being considered as the actual "shaping" factors. The article stresses the need for early diagnosis, as far as possible already in the is allergic conjunctivitis and rhinitis. Treatment directed at removing the causes includes, fundamentally, prophylaxis against exposure (considering the time during which the allergens remain dormant without triggering an allergy); obviously, this involves change of occupation or place of work, whereas specific treatment aimed at producing hyposensibilisation must remain an exception. The article concludes with a description of the possibilities of prevention mainly from the medical point of view.

Air Pollutants↗