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Biomedical subjects

E Fournier

Publications and source records attributed to E Fournier.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Sensitivity and specificity of lead poisoning detection tests].

The results of biochemical tests used for the supervision of factory workers exposed to lead (notably lead serum levels, urinary aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and punctuated red cells) were compared in 90 patients. The reference test used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of these examinations was EDTA-induced lead urinary excretion. Lead serum levels and urinary ALA were about equally effective in providing information. However, these two tests were more sensitive when performed simultaneously than when performed separately. It is suggested that both should be requested when trying to prevent lead poisoning.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Production of an anti-digitalin monoclonal antibody (author's transl)].

Anti-digitalin monoclonal antibodies were obtained by hybridization of lymphoid cells from mice immunized with the drug and the 8653 myeloma cells from BALB/c Mice. Two of these antibodies were submitted to immunochemical analysis which revealed that they belonged to IgM and IgGl classes, and the high affinity of one of them (1,2 x 10(9) M(-1)). The availability os such antibodies opens new perspectives for the treatment of digitalin intoxication and the possibility of establishing a standardized radioimmunoassay.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of methyl mercury and triethyllead on Na+K+ATPase and pyruvate dehydrogenase activities in glioma C6 cells.

The effect of methyl mercury (MeHg) and triethyllead (Et3Pb) on the membrane bound SH-enzymes Na+K+ATPase and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) was studied in relation to the effect on the galactosyl ceramide sulfotransferase (CST) and to morphological changes in glioma C6 cells. Two-day-old cultures were incubated for 1 or 20 hrs with 5-30 microgram MeHgC1 and 2-8 microgram Et3PbC1/mg cell protein. The results show that both compounds induced morphological changes and a reduction of CST activity at growth inhibitory concentrations. A less marked reduction of Na+K+ATPase was induced with increasing exposure time only in MeHgC1 treated cultures, and PDH activity was not affected by either of the compounds under the experimental conditions. Thus, an interference with Na+K+ATPase and PDH activities do not appear to be a primary effect of MeHg and Et3Pb intoxication.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Bronchoalveolar lavage, serum angiotensin-converting enzyme, and gallium-67 scanning in extrathoracic sarcoidosis.

Results of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), 67Ga scanning, and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE) assay are compared in the assessment of pulmonary involvement in ten cases of extrathoracic sarcoidosis. Standard clinical, radiologic, and pulmonary function tests detected no pulmonary changes in these patients, but BAL demonstrated an increased alveolar lymphocytosis in eight of ten cases. SACE levels were increased in two cases, and the thoracic gallium uptake was normal in all cases. BAL appears to be the best technique for diagnosing latent pulmonary involvement in extrathoracic sarcoidosis.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1982

Acute thioproline poisoning.

Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (A.T.C.) has been marketed in France since 1964 for the treatment of hepatic and biliary disorders. [Hepalidine (Riker Lab.): Packs of 20 tablets, each containing 100 mg. Thiobiline (Riker Lab.): Packs of 20 vials, each containing 100 mg.] As early as 1970, both the Paris and Marseilles Poison Control Centres had emphasized the toxicity of this drug which induces convulsions in children subject of overdosage [1]. Brugarolas and Gosalvez have recently suggested the use of A.T.C. in the treatment of epidermoid carcinoma. They believe that the drug causes reverse transformation of tumor cells to normal ones [2]. If its efficiency is confirmed, A.T.C. should soon be very widely used and therefore its therapeutic risk needs to be clarified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Spanish adulterated oil matter. An important discovery by Spanish toxicologists: the toxicity of anilides of unsaturated fatty acids.

Collective intoxication resulting from the addition of aniline in adulterated vegetal oils which were re-treated in order to make them available for consumption, was clinically characterized by polyneuritis, atypical pneumonia, symptoms of vascularity. After studying the infection and allergic syndrome, the toxicological approach presented a set of experimental clinical arguments in favor of a specific toxicity of anilides of unsaturated fatty acids. The toxicokinetics of oleylaniline shows a half life of several weeks, which explains its evolution. Its mode of action involves peroxide formation, membrane toxic and attractive substances of immunocompetent cells. Peroxide formation could result from an excess of superoxide ions, an inhibition of superoxide-dismutases, an excessive consumption of NADPH or more often of any facilitation of lipid peroxidation by a biologically active peroxidized intermediate.

Anilides↗
PubMed1982

[Subcutaneous injection of metallic mercury. Report of 4 cases].

4 cases of subcutaneous injection of metallic mercury are reported and compared with those recorded by others. Subcutaneous injection always causes local inflammatory reaction and granuloma formation. Systematic mercury absorption is the rule as it is proved by high mercury levels in blood and urine. Nevertheless this absorption is usually too small to be responsible for toxic manifestations. Surgical excision of all accessible contaminated subcutaneous areas should be performed. When residual mercury is roentgenographically detectable regular monitoring of CNS, renal function and urinary and/or blood mercury levels are necessary.

Accidents↗
PubMed1981

[Prognostic factors in acute digitalis poisoning (author's transl)].

The prognostic significance of various clinical and biochemical factors was investigated in 179 patients who had absorbed more than 2 mg of digitoxin. The mortality rate in this series was 17%. Supraventricular arrythmias had no influence on prognosis, but the death risk was higher in males and in patients with A-V block. It increased with age, with digitoxin and potassium serum levels and even more with persistent hyperkalemia. Two other factors, previous heart disease and vomiting, were also significant in patients without heart block. Calculated on the basis of 4 clinical factors, the mortality rate varied from 2 to 74%. The death risk in acute digitalis poisoning can therefore be easily assessed from simple clinical criteria.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

[Acute mercury vapour poisoning (author's transl)].

Two persons, exposed to high concentration of mercury vapour in their home developed a few hours later febrile illness with interstitial pneumonitis and mercurial stomatitis. Symptomatic treatment was associated with dimercaprol (BAL) and steroïds; an alveolar washing was performed to remove non-absorbed mercury in the respiratory three which seems to be responsible for the observed inflammatory reaction and, sometimes, the delayed development of fibrosis. A review of the literature revealed that such intoxications had been previously described in about 20 cases. Prognosis depends on the severity of the pulmonary lesions. Fatalities have been described in 9 cases (10%); in 8 cases the victims were young children or old people. An acute gingivo-stomatitis is generally observed. The onset of mercurial encephalopathy is an uncommon feature. Renal disturbances are exceptionally described and always mild. There is no correlation between the clinical condition of the patient and the levels of mercury in the urine.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Thioproline.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Different levels of changes induced by the insecticide lindane in cultured C-6 glioma cells.

The effects of lindane on alpha-aminoisobutyric acid and uridine uptake were studied in the rat line C-6 of glial origin. Different levels of modifications could be distinguished by use of 2 modes of investigation. One study, carried out within minutes of contact with lindane, has shown that the inhibition of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid and uridine uptake was rapid and immediately reversible. The other study, carried out after several hours of treatment followed by a 15-min triple washing, has allowed to attribute the non-reversible decrease in uridine uptake induced by a 20-h treatment to an inhibition of protein synthesis, and the increase in alpha-aminoisobutyric acid uptake to the derepression of synthesis of transport proteins.

Aminoisobutyric Acids↗