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Biomedical subjects

E Epstein

Publications and source records attributed to E Epstein.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Physiological responses to salinity in selected lines of wheat.

Two selections of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum L., differing in their relative salt resistance, were grown in salinized solution culture, and relative growth rates, osmotic adjustment, ion accumulation, and photosynthesis were monitored to study the responses of the plants to salinity.Differences in water relations were minimal and were only apparent for 3 days following salinization. The lines differed substantially in their relative growth rates and photosynthetic responses for several weeks following salinization, despite full osmotic adjustment. Concentrations of major cations and Cl(-) in the plant organs were remarkably similar in both lines, indicative of minimal differences in gross ion absorption and translocation.The authors interpret these results to suggest that the major difference between these two lines of wheat was their response to specific ion effects, at the level of the organ, tissue, cell, and subcellular entities. Superior compartmentation of toxic ions by the more salt-tolerant line, presumably in the vacuole, might have enabled it to maintain its cytoplasmic metabolic apparatus in a stabler and more nearly normal state than the sensitive line was able to do; a measure of true cytoplasmic toleration of salt may also be a factor.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Enzymic colorimetric determination of phosphatidylglycerol in amniotic fluid.

We describe a procedure for the enzymic, colorimetric determination of phosphatidylglycerol in amniotic fluid. After extraction into chloroform:methanol (2:1 by vol) and evaporation, the phospholipid-containing residue is redissolved in a non-ionic detergent, which thus provides an aqueous sample. The subsequent enzymic reaction sequence involves phospholipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of glycerol from its phospholipid. Subsequent enzyme-catalyzed reactions phosphorylate this glycerol and oxidize the resulting glycerol phosphate to produce hydrogen peroxide, which is reacted to produce an intense red chromogen in the peroxidase-catalyzed coupling of 4-aminoantipyrine and 2-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorobenzenesulfonate. When used in conjunction with previously reported enzymic techniques for determination of lecithin and sphingomyelin, this procedure may provide an accurate and precise "lung profile" for assessment of fetal lung maturity.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1983

Mucous membrane grafting for severe palpebral vernal conjunctivitis.

Vernal conjunctivitis usually can be managed medically. In the rare cases that do not respond to medical treatment, surgical intervention has been considered. Four cases of vernal conjunctivitis and one case of probable contact lens-induced giant papillary conjunctivitis were treated with palpebral conjunctival excision and application of a mucous membrane graft. All patients improved symptomatically, with follow-up ranging from 1 1/2 to 14 years. The only complication encountered was recurrence of giant papillae at the conjunctiva-mucous membrane graft junction. Conjunctival excision and mucous membrane grafting is a useful procedure in rare cases of particularly severe vernal conjunctivitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of a history questionnaire in dermatologic practice.

A history questionnaire completed by 1,236 new dermatology patients yielded at least one item relevant to the presenting complaint in two thirds of the patients. The questionnaire saved physician time, frequently elicited clinically useful information, and provided insights as to the patients' general medical state and attitudes toward their illness. Dermatologists are urges to evaluate a history questionnaire in their practices.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1981

Comparative studies on the sodium, potassium, and chloride relations of a wild halophytic and a domestic salt-sensitive tomato species.

In long-term experiments with differentially salinized nutrient solutions, plants of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill cv. Walter failed at Na(+) concentrations of 200 millimolar or more but tolerated K(+) concentrations of that magnitude. The behavior of the wild, salt-tolerant Lycopersicon cheesmanii (Hook) C. H. Mull., accession number 1401, was diametrically different; it tolerated Na(+) at 200 millimolar, but K(+) at the same concentration proved toxic to it.Short-term comparative studies on the absorption and translocation of Na(+), K(+), and Cl(-) of the two species were carried out using radioactive tracers with excised roots and whole plants. These studies showed that, under high salt conditions (50-100 millimolar NaCl), the tolerant 1401 freely accumulated Na(+) in the shoot, while the salt-sensitive cultivar excluded it from the leaves, where it has been shown to be toxic.In experiments where K(+) was limiting, the salt-tolerant species could partially substitute Na(+) for K(+). Sodium stimulated growth even when K(+) was present at adequate concentrations. The domestic cultivar could not substitute Na(+) for K(+) and showed no similar growth stimulation when Na(+) was added in the presence of adequate K(+). The salt-tolerant 1401 was more efficient in K(+) absorption than was the domestic cultivar at both low and moderate ambient K(+) concentrations.The two species differed little in their chloride relations.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1980

Curability of melanoma: a 25-year retrospective study.

On the basis of a study of 193 patients with localized melanoma followed for 25 years, it appears that such tumors are curable, in about 75% of the cases, by surgical removal alone. Of the 41 patients who died from this tumor, 92% succumbed during the first decade and the rest during the next five years. There were no deaths due to melanoma after 15 years of observation. Prophylactic lymph node dissection on these localized cases improved the survival statistics, but this may have been due to the elimination from this series of those with microscopic nodal metastases. A hopeless prognosis is unjustified in patients with primary melanoma because approximately only 25% of the patients in this series succumbed to this tumor during the 25 years of observation. Therapy in such individuals should be conservative until the diagnosis has been established by histopathologic examination. This policy minimizes unnecessary multilation and morbidity in benign lesions. The diagnosis should be suspected early and established or eliminated at the earliest possible time.

Biopsy↗