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Biomedical subjects

E E Polli

Publications and source records attributed to E E Polli.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Presence of circulating immune complexes in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Correlations between clinical and immunological features.

The presence of circulating immune complexes (CIC) was evaluated in 60 untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with the polyethylene-glycol precipitation assay. The mean values of optical density (OD) in patients' sera was 0.161 +/- 0.121 compared with control values of 0.082 +/- 0.045 (P less than 0.001). Sera of 16 patients gave OD values higher than 0.172 (mean of controls plus 2 SD) and were considered positive for the presence of CIC. Using the new staging proposed by Binet for CLL we did not find any correlation between presence of CIC and stage of the disease. On the contrary, it was possible to correlate the presence of CIC with the stability of the disease: CIC were found in only 2 of the 22 patients (9.1%) with progressive disease but in 10 of the 30 patients (33.3%) with stable disease (P less than 0.05). CIC were present in 12 of the 38 patients in whom the only surface immunoglobulins present were IgM, but in only 1 of the 14 patients in whom both IgM and IgD were contemporaneously present on the lymphocyte surface. No correlations were found between levels of serum immunoglobulins and presence of CIC.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effects of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and muscimol on endocrine pancreatic function in man.

The high concentrations of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the pancreatic islets and the neurotransmitter role played by this amino acid in the central nervous system, make it plausible that GABA also intervenes in the control of endocrine pancreatic function. In 12 normal subjects, a single oral dose of 5 or 10 g GABA, as compared to placebo, caused a significant (p less than 0.01) and dose-dependent (p less than 0.01) increase of plasma levels of immunoreactive insulin, C peptide and glucagon, without affecting plasma glucose concentration. By contrast, in 15 additional subjects, a single oral dose of 5 mg muscimol, a specific GABA receptor agonist, did not consistently influence the above parameters. Although the lack of effects of muscimol might indicate that the action of GABA is not mediated through specific receptors, the results with GABA suggest that this amino acid plays a specific role in the regulation of endocrine pancreatic function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Calcium metabolism in multiple myeloma.

45Calcium metabolism and circulating levels of iPTH (N-terminal fragment) and iCT were investigated in normocalcemic patients with multiple myeloma (12) in an attempt to ascertain early changes in calcium metabolism, which may occur before hypercalcemia develops. The same parameters were also investigated in patients with senile osteoporosis (11), corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis (6), Paget's disease (6) and controls without bone disorders (13). In the myeloma group, the exchangeable calcium pool (7,678 +/- 321 mg) was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than in the control group (4,405 +/- 374 mg), the senile osteoporosis group (4,108 +/- 407 mg) and the corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis group (3,015 +/- 161 mg) and nearly as high as in the Paget's disease group (8,876 +/- 1,173 mg). Calcium pool turnover rate was higher in the myeloma group than in controls, as were bone anabolism and bone catabolism, although differences were not statistically significant. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups in the plasma iPTH or iCT, although the mean value of the latter was higher in the myeloma group than in controls (86 +/- 24 vs. 47 +/- 13 pg/ml). These data suggest that an increase in the exchangeable calcium pool and in turnover rate may occur early in the course of multiple myeloma, preceding the development of hypercalcemia. The role of some homeostatic mechanisms in maintaining normal plasma calcium levels in multiple myeloma despite increased bone calcium resorption is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

In vivo platelet hyperactivity and factor VIII related antigen increase long after myocardial infarction. A controlled effect of sulfinpyrazone.

In the Anturane Reinfarction Italian Study the trend of some specific and quantitative haemostatic parameters is being investigated in different series of patients balanced for sulfinpyrazone and placebo. In a series of young male patients who had had myocardial infarction 6 months previously, it has been shown that the placebo treatment subsample presented shortened platelet production time (PPT), increased levels of plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4), and increased factor VIII related antigen (VIII:RAg) compared with a matched control group. A close correlation between plasma concentration of VIII:RAg and PPT was evidenced in the same treatment subsample. The sulfinpyrazone treatment subsample presented normalized PPT accompanied by reduction of VIII:RAg but not of beta-TG or PF4 levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Gastric and duodenal polyps in familial polyposis coli.

Endoscopy with multiple biopsies of the upper gastrointestinal tract was repeated yearly over a two to six year period in nine patients with familial polyposis coli from three families. Adenomatous polyps, one to 20 in number and 2-8 mm in size, were detected in the antrum and the first and second duodenal portions in seven patients, while hyperplastic polyps were detected in four patients in the gastric body. In two patients adenomatous tubules were observed in the biopsies of endoscopically normal mucosa from the same area where adenomatous polyps later developed. Lymphoid polyps were detected in the antrum in three cases. Double contrast radiology correlated poorly with endoscopy in the gastric body; it allowed detection of polyps in the third duodenal portion in two more patients. These results confirm that the incidence of adenomas in the upper gastrointestinal tract in familial polyposis coli may be higher than previously suspected.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of radiolucent gallstones with CDCA or UDCA. A multicenter trial.

Patients with radiolucent gallstones (diameter less than 1.5 cm) and functioning gallbladder were treated for 6-12 months with CDCA (38 patients, 12-15 mg/kg/day) or UDCA (78 patients randomly allocated to receive 5-6 or 10-12 mg/kg/day). Complete dissolutions and partial plus complete dissolutions were respectively 26 and 58% for CDCA, 14 and 58% for UDCA at the lower dose, and 29 and 71% for UDCA at the higher dose. Statistical analysis did not show any significant difference between the three different treatments. In patients with stones of 4-10 mm diameter treated with UDCA, complete dissolution occurred at the lower dose in 0 of 14 cases while complete dissolutions occurred at the higher dose in 5 of 18 cases, suggesting that the latter dose may be more effective (0.05 less than P less than 0.1). A highly significant correlation was demonstrated between gallstone size and number of dissolutions with both doses of UDCA. No side effects were observed with UDCA, while with CDCA diarrhea occurred in 28% and a transient increase in SGOT in a single patient. 1 patient on UDCA required emergency cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. Dyspeptic and/or pain symptom-atology improved in 65 and 85% of the patients treated with CDCA and UDCA, respectively. No variations in the blood lipids were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Haemostatic function changes in a trial on the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction with sulphinpyrazone.

The trend of some haemostatic parameters was investigated in a series of 186 myocardial infarction patients randomly allocated to sulphinpyrazone and placebo 15-25 days after the myocardial infarction episode in order to ascertain if one or more of these parameters may be considered as forecasting elements. The tests were performed a treatment allocation (basal values) and after 1, 6, and 12 months. In comparison with 44 healthy volunteers, the results have provided striking confirmation of 'hyperactive' platelets in the early phase of myocardial infarction expressed by the shorter bleeding time, increasing plasmatic beta-thromboglobulin, increased platelet factor 4 release and shorter heparin thrombin clotting time, and by the increased platelet sensitivity to threshold concentrations of adenosine diphosphate and collagen. Significant changes in bleeding time, platelet factor 4 release and heparin thrombin clotting time persist at successive testing times. Platelet aggregation by low collagen concentrations was inhibited in the sulphinpyrazone subsample patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Whole-body osseous scintigraphy and Ca++ kinetics in patients with renal transplants].

Bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-diophosphonate and a whole body scanner was performed on 18 subjects with good renal function who had received a kidney transplant more than six months previously. This demonstrated scintigraphyc abnormalities in 17 of the cases. The alterations were characterized in 44,5% of the cases by focal uptake of the tracer. Diffuse alterations were observed in 4 of the 18 cases studied (22%). In these patients increases of serum alkaline phosphatase and in PTH levels were present. Ca++ exchangeable pool values and accretion rate were normal in the subjects with focal lesions. In the cases where scintigraphy showed diffuse lesions both the above parameters were much increased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Ocular complications in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis and renal transplants from cadavers].

In 36 subjects in chronic hemodialysis treatment and in 36 patients with a renal transplant, well functioning for more than one year, the ocular complications related to the specific form of treatment were evaluated and compared. In the group of the dialyzed subjects ocular pathology was composed by: lens opacities in 9 cases, corneal calcifications in 7 cases, hypertensive fundus in 8 cases. In no patient these lesions produced measurable visus reductions. In the transplant group ocular pathology was composed by: lens opacities in 28 patients, hypertensive fundus in 7 and intraocular hypertension in one. One case of herpes cheratytis and one case of endophtalmytis have also been observed. In 9 patients these lesions produced a remarkable visus reduction. In conclusion renal transplantation shows a greater incidence of ocular complications if compared to hemodialysis. This situation has not important consequences on the rehabilitation of the transplanted subject for the possibility of surgical correction of the cataract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Patterns of cyclic nucleotides in normal and leukaemic human leucocytes.

Because recent observations indicate that metabolism of cyclic nucleotides may be altered in neoplastic cells, the intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) were measured in mononuclear leukaemic and normal human leucocytes. The activities of adenylate cyclase, guanylate cyclase and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases were also determined. Under basal conditions, cAMP levels were always higher in the normal leucocytes, whilst cGMP levels were of the same order of magnitude in both normal and leukaemic cells, causing the cAMP/cGMP ratios to be significantly lower in leukaemic leucocytes. Leukaemic cells significantly increased cyclic nucleotide levels in response to theophylline, but did not respond to serotonin, carbamylcholine or D,L-isoproterenol. Preincubation of these leucocytes with theophylline produced a detectable cAMP response to D,L-isoproterenol but no cGMP response to serotonin or carbamylcholine was found. Adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase were significantly lower in leukaemic than in normal cells, which could largely explain the abnormal cyclic nucleotide pattern found in human leukaemic leucocytes. In our experiments, cAMP phosphodiesterase activity was comparable in normal and leukaemic cells, whereas cGMP phosphodiesterase activity was undetectable inall mononuclear-leucocyte preparations with the methods used.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗