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Biomedical subjects

E D Albert

Publications and source records attributed to E D Albert.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Genetics of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in Israel: population and family study.

The association between insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the HLA system was studied in two groups of Jewish patients: 50 Ashkenazim and 42 non-Ashkenazim. The pattern of association of HLA-A and B locus antigens was somewhat different from that observed in European Caucasian patients. HLA-B8 had a higher frequency; B15 and Cw3 were rare in the population studied and were less frequent in IDDM patients than in controls. On the other hand, the frequency of A26, B18, and Bw38 was increased in Ashkenazi patients, but not in non-Ashkenazim, who in turn showed an increase for Bw51. Although the association between IDDM and HLA-A and B locus antigens shows a marked variability in different populations, the association with HLA-DR3 and DR4 is constant feature. There was a typical excess of DR3/DR4 heterozygotes in both patient groups. This heterozygote type carries the highest relative risk, followed by DR4/DR4 homozygotes. These data can well be interpreted by a model of two different HLA-linked susceptibility genes, one associated with DR3 and the other one with DR4, that interact so that different genotypes are associated with different levels of penetrance. This model received further support from studies in 15 multiple case families where there is an excess of affected sib pairs sharing two DR antigens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Priming against stimulator-derived alloantigens bound onto MLC-activated blasts.

Several investigators have reported that antigen transfer between stimulator and responder cells occurs. We investigated whether it was possible to prime against such stimulator-derived alloantigens bound onto mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC)-activated blasts. For this purpose we generated blasts bearing bound stimulator-derived alloantigens in a primary MLC. Subsequently we primed a new family member against these blasts and after 10 days restimulated with all family members. Our results showed that it was indeed possible to sensitize against this transferred antigen and to obtain specific restimulation. Moreover we demonstrated that it was possible to abolish this specific response by treating these blast cells with trypsin.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1980

[Selection of donors for bone marrow transplantation in childhood leukemia (author's transl)].

The problems of immunological donor selection for bone marrow transplantation (BMT) are discussed: In acute childhood leukemia, the possibility of BMT should be discussed already at the time of diagnosis, in case the orthodox treatment of leukemia is not successful. The tests for donor selection should best be done during the first remission and should include the antigens of HLA-A,B,C,DR and D-loci as well as the Bf and GLO-Systems. It is important to include in the tests as many as possible first degree relatives in order to establish the inheritance of the HLA-Antigens. If there is no HLA-genetically identical sibling, it also possible to consider other relatives, provided there is genetic identity for one HLA-Haplotype and chance-compatibility for the other haplotype.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

HLA-A, -B, and -D antigens in paralytic poliomyelitis.

Sixty-two unrelated Caucasian patients from the Munich area who had had paralytic poliomyelitis in the 1950s and the early 1960s were analyzed. HLA-A and -B typing was performed for 26 antigens. HLA-D tying was done using six different established homozygous typing cells defining the specificities Dw1-Dw5 and Dw11, plus one locally defined typing cell. None of the HLA-A, -B or -D determinants showed a significant deviation in frequency from control populations. Of interest may be a decrease of B8 and an increase of Bw16 (Bw38/39) and B27, but these deviations are not significant in their P values are corrected for the number of comparisons made.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Phagocytosis of monocytes in cancer patients.

The phagocytic activity of monocytes directed at yeast particles was investigated in patients with untreated malignant tumors and in normal controls. Phagocytic activity was found to be significantly increased in the patients. It could be shown that the increased activity is caused by factors contained in the patient's plasma. These factors are only partly destroyed by heat inactivation, suggesting that both heat labile and heat stabile factors are contributing to the observed enhancing effect on phagocytic activity. The heat labile portion could well be the complement component C5, while the heat stabile portion is so far undefined.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

HLA--D typing in 72 psoriasis vulgaris patients: distribution of seven HLA--D alleles.

The phenotype distribution of seven HLA--D alleles among 72 unrelated Psoriasis vulgaris patients was investigated. Statistically significant deviation from the antigen frequency in healthy donors was found for a new HLA--D allele, locally designated EI, with a relative risk value of 5.97. This observation indicates that Psoriasis vulgaris belongs to the group of diseases with associations to HLA--B as well as HLA--D alleles.

Alleles↗
PubMed1978

Matching for DLA-A, DLA-B and DLA-D antigens and skin allograft survival in unrelated beagle dogs.

The effect of matching for immunogenetic markers on the survival of skin allografts in unrelated dogs has been studied. Skin grafts in recipients differing from donors for either DLA-A or DLA-B antigens, or both, had mean survival times (MST) of 9.3, 9.7 and 8.5 days, respectively. Differences between these groups were not significant. Prolonged survival of skin grafts, however, was found in SK-LD-indentical (MST: 12.4 days) or SD-identical/LD-different (MST: 12.5 days) donor-recipient combinations. We conclude that dkin allograft survival in dogs appears to be controlled by DLA-A and DLA-B, but not by DLA-D determinants.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

B- and T-cell-specific alloantigens in man.

Screening for B-cell-specific antibodies in unabsorbed pregnancy sera preselected for weak reactivity in regular HLA-A, -B, and -C screening yielded a relatively high proportion (35/81) of B-cell-specific antibodies. Most B-cell-specific antibodies react broadly, showing inclusion phenomena suggesting 'cross-reactivity' analogous to that observed in HLA-A and -B serology. In control experiments with T-cell-enriched suspensions three antisera reacted with T cells and not with B cells. These antisera are highly associated with HLA-A2 in the unrelated population and segregate with HLA haplotypes in families and with HLA-A in a family with HLA-A, B recombination, Thus it appears that the human equivalents of Ia antigens may include--in analogy to the murine Ia antigens--B cell- as well as T-cell-specific alloantigens.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1977

Three-point association of HLA-A,B,Bf haplotypes deduced in 200 parents of 100 families.

The association of HLA-A and -B antigens with Bf alleles was investigated in 200 parents from 100 unrelated families. There were significant associations between HLA-A3 and Bf-F, B7 and Bf-S, B8 and Bf-S, B12 and Bf-F, and BW 35 and Bf-F. Three-point HLA-A,B,Bf haplotype frequencies, linkage disequilibrium parameters, and chi-square values were determined both from the genotype and from the phenotype data. Although the HLA-B,Bf associations involve antigens that are also present in the highly associated A,B and B,D haplotypes of the Caucasian population, there was--with the possible exception of HLA-A3,B7,Bf-S--no significant three-point association for HLA-A,B,Bf.

Adult↗