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Biomedical subjects

E Chihara

Publications and source records attributed to E Chihara.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Pathogenesis of cotton wool patches: a clinical study.

By clinical study of fundus photographs and fluorescein angiograms, cotton wool patches (CWPs) were found in places where many nerve fibers traversed sharply demarcated border lines between perfused and nonperfused areas of the retina. The CWPs close to the disk (proximal CWPs) and those in the peripheral retina (distal CWPs) were separated and formed a bracket-like pair when the ischemic area reached a certain size. Vascular leakage was not always correlated with the CWPs. These clinical findings support the theory that impairment of axoplasmic transport plays a role in the development of CWPs.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Nectrotizing chorioretinitis induced by herpes simplex virus infection in the neonate.

A rare case of severe HSV necrotizing chorioretinitis of the neonate is reported. Massive, exudative chorioretinitis appeared in the equator bilaterally during HSV infection of the central nervous system. After subsidence of exudation, discrete chorioretinal scars appeared. Prominent calcification of the cerebral cortex progressed in parallel with scarring of the chorioretinal lesions.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1982

Reduced protein synthesis in diabetic retina and secondary reduction of slow axonal transport.

Protein synthesis in the retina in diabetic rabbits decreased as the severity of the diabetes increased, but protein degradation and replacement were not affected. The reduction in the amount of orthograde slow axonal transport in diabetic rabbits closely paralleled the reduction in the amount of fast axonal transport and protein synthesis in the retina. The reduction in slow flow is most probably a simple reflection of reduced protein synthesis in the retinal ganglion cells. The relationships among reduction in axon diameter, volume of perikaryon, slow axonal transport and diabetic neuropathy are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Recovery of fast axonal transport and retinal protein synthesis in the rabbits after intraocular administration of vinblastine.

Orthograde fast axonal transport was almost completely blocked one day after the intraocular injection of 10-100 micrograms of vinblastine (VLB), then recovered gradually for up to 2 months. Recovery was not complete, however; there was a definite relationship between the dose of VLB administered and the degree of recovery of fast axonal transport. Retinal protein synthesis was reduced by intraocular VLB, but there was no relationship between the dose administered and the amount of reduction of protein synthesis. Cytotoxicity of VLB to the retina is less probable. The participation of retrograde axonal transport in the metabolism of cell bodies is discussed.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1981

Effects of thermal load on ion release of the rabbit vitreous body.

Ion-release of the rabbit vitreous body through a dialysis membrane against water was studied. To evaluate one of thermal changes in the vitreous properties, the vitreous was heated or cooled before dialysis. The average wet weight of the normal vitreous was 1.61 +/- 0.20 g and dry to wet weight ratio was 1.33 +/- 0.04%. The dry weight, sodium, potassium, and chloride concentrations of the vitreous were decreased as an exponential function curve by dialysis. A decreasing ratio was prominent in the heated vitreous, the frozen vitreous and the non-thermo-treated (control) vitreous in turn. Calcium and magnesium release from the rabbit vitreous body was slow and differences among the heated, frozen and non-thermo-treated vitreous bodies were not significant, suggesting some different capture-mechanisms between the monovalent and bivalent ions.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Regeneration of damaged ciliary epithelium in aphakic and pseudophakic eyes.

Mechanically damaged ciliary epithelium in aphakic and pseudophakic rabbit eyes was studied for up to 2 years after extracapsular lens extraction. Histopathological examination of the epithelium revealed more severe damage in pseudophakic eyes. The nonpigmented epithelium (NE) was missing from the middle to basal portion of each ciliary process. Regenerative ability of the NE was extremely poor. The damaged NE continued to disappear for at least 2 years, and only the pigmented epithelium (PE) covered the stroma. In some of the affected areas, the stroma of the ciliary body (CB) was substituted by fibrous materials.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Impairment of protein synthesis in the retinal tissue in diabetic rabbits: secondary reduction of fast axonal transport.

Protein biosynthesis in the retina and fast axonal transport along the optic pathway were studied in rabbits in which diabetes had been experimentally induced. Retinal protein biosynthesis and axonal transport were significantly reduced in the diabetic rabbits, and the reduction was correlated to the severity of the diabetes. The "somal delay time' was only slightly elongated and the O/R ratio was fairly constant in the various levels of blood glucose; thus intrasomal protein movement seems to be less affected in diabetic rabbits. Velocity and the distribution pattern of axonally transported protein remained unaffected in the diabetic rabbits. These findings suggest that a disturbance in the metabolism in the cell body is the most important factor related to quantitative reduction of fast axonal transport in diabetic rabbits.

Animals↗