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Biomedical subjects

E Bleumink

Publications and source records attributed to E Bleumink.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and PI typing in patients with chronic urticaria.

A group of 281 patients with chronic urticaria was classified into various subtypes and compared with 357 healthy controls for PI types of alpha1-antitrypsin. Total alpha 1-antitrypsin was measured by the Mancini technique, and PI types were determined by isoelectric focusing. The MZ phenotype and the Z gene frequency were significantly more frequent in the urticaria group. The Z gene predominated in the groups with cold urticaria and acquired angio-oedema. The total group of chronic urticaria patients showed a significant decrease in total alpha 1-antitrypsin compared with the control group (P less than 0.03). Deficiencies in alpha 1-antitrypsin may predispose to the development of certain types of urticaria and angio-oedema.

Angioedema↗
PubMed1985

The glomerular polyanion (GPA) of the rat kidney. III. Further characterization of a vaso-active serum factor which reduces GPA.

Fractions of normal rat serum were purified using gel chromatography and their molecular weights were analysed using gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The fractions were tested for their capacity to affect in vitro glomerular polyanion (GPA) in rat kidney tissue whereas their vascular enhancing capacity in vivo after intradermal injection into the rat skin was analysed. GPA impairment in vitro was estimated after incubation of the fractions with tissue sections for 2 h at 37 degrees C and subsequent staining for sialoproteins with colloidal iron. Enhanced vascular responses were assayed using a standard vascular permeability test in the rat skin. The results show that a factor with an estimated molecular weight of 120 000 was responsible for a dose-related activity in both test systems studied. The activity of this fraction could be inhibited by various plasma kallikrein-inhibiting protease inhibitors, whereas in addition the skin response could be inhibited by pyridinolcarbamate and not by histamine- or serotonin-inhibiting drugs. From the inhibition patterns in vivo and in vitro as well as from the estimated molecular weight of the fraction, it is suggested that a plasma kallikrein-like factor might be responsible for the activities observed. We feel that further study of this fraction in rat or human serum is worthwhile in particular with respect to nephrotic conditions associated with GPA loss.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The influence of low concentrations of irritants on skin barrier function as determined by water vapour loss.

The effect of some irritants on the barrier function of the skin was assessed by means of water vapour loss measurements. 100 microliter of the test substance in distilled water were applied to the skin for a period of 48 h, using large Finn chambers. The exposures were done in a test panel of 42 subjects. Sodium lauryl sulfate (2%), cocobetaine (2%), crotonaldehyde (0.75%) with sodium lauryl sulfate (0.5%) and dimethyl sulfoxide (50%) markedly influenced water vapour loss. Sodium hydroxide (1%) had less effect on water vapour loss, although the increase was significant (p less than 0.05). Phenol (5%) and benzalkonium chloride (0.2%) did not significantly influence the loss of water through the skin. It is concluded that subclinical effects of chemicals on the barrier function may be of importance in the development of irritant contact dermatitis, but that this capacity is probably not the only factor which determines the potential of a substance to contribute to the development of irritant contact dermatitis. A chemical which has little or no effect on the function of the horny layer may have a toxic effect on the viable cells of deeper layers of the skin. This toxic effect may also be an important subclinical factor in the development of irritant contact dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Skin irritancy of surfactants as assessed by water vapor loss measurements.

A method to assess the irritancy of chemicals on human skin that is based on measurements of skin (water) vapor loss (SVL) is presented. The SVL measurements were performed with the Servo Med Evaporimeter in a group of 27 healthy volunteers. Four surfactants, distilled water, and NaCl 0.9% in distilled water were assayed. For the exposures a chamber technique was used. Sodium lauryl sulfate and cocobetaine most markedly influenced the loss of water through the skin. Polysorbate-60 and sodium laurate had less effect on SVL. The mean difference between the test substances were found statistically significant, except for the mean difference between sodium laurate and polysorbate-60 (p greater than 0.1) and between polysorbate-60 and distilled water (p greater than 0.05). The reactions of the tested subjects to the surfactants suggest that each individual has his own pattern of susceptibility to these substances. The mean values of the SVL measurements were compared with the macroscopically perceptible morphologic changes of the exposed test sites. The results of the SVL measurements. The correlation coefficient between the mean values of both methods was found to be high (r = 0.98).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Protease-inhibitor deficiencies in a patient with Weber-Christian panniculitis.

The diagnosis of Weber-Christian disease was made by clinical and histopathologic findings in a 25-year-old woman who had recurrent nodules on the legs and arms. The patient's history also disclosed multiple episodes of swelling trauma. Histopathologic examination of the lesions showed a prominent vasculitis. Studies of serum complement and kallikrein levels and of the fibrinolysis-clotting system showed a decrease in the levels of C3, C4, and total hemolytic complement activity and deficiencies (less than 20% of the normal values) of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) and antichymotrypsin activity. Chemical analyses of the patient's alpha 1-AT indicated a PiZZ genotype. Intermediate values of both inhibitor levels were detected in six family members. It is assumed that protease-inhibitor deficiencies predispose the development of panniculitis and vasculitis on trauma.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Skin irritancy of commercially available soap and detergent bars as measured by water vapour loss.

The irritancy on human skin of 13 toilet soaps was assessed by means of water vapour loss measurements. The tests were performed on healthy skin of the volar side of the forearm in a panel of 33 subjects. The exposures were done using the Finn chamber method. Skin water vapour loss was measured by means of an "evaporimeter". All soaps--tested in 2 g/v% solutions--were found to lead to a statistically significant increase of water vapour loss as compared to the control sites. Synthetic detergents based on alkyl sulfates, particularly Lactacyd, generally had a relatively greater effect on skin vapour loss as compared with the other products. On the whole the differences between the products were small. It appears that every person probably has his own pattern of susceptibility to wash-active agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Immune reactivity of women on hormonal contraceptives: dinitrochlorobenzene sensitization test and skin reactivity to irritants.

To evaluate the influence of sex steroids on immunity in 87 women on hormonal contraceptives, sensitization tests were performed with the contact allergen, 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Forty-five women were taking oral contraceptives of combined oestrogen/progestogen of the same brand (low oestrogenic and middle range progestogenic activity); 27 had received intramuscular injections of medroxyprogesterone acetate and 15 women were using a sequential pill. The results were compared with those of 44 women not taking contraceptive steroids and matched for age. In women on the combined pill and those who had received intramuscular progesterone, the mean DNCB reactivity was significantly increased (0.02 less than p less than 0.05 and 0.001 less than p less than 0.01, respectively), whereas women using a sequential pill proved to show a decreased skin reactivity in the oestrogenic phase of this pill. (p = 0.05). The changes observed proved to be specific, since no statistically significant differences in overall skin reactivity to irritants between the four groups of women could be observed. The clinical implications of these results have been considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Allergic contact sensitization to the fungicide Maneb.

Three cases of contact dermatitis caused by Maneb, manganous-ethylene-bis (dithiocarbamate), are described. Maneb is used as an agricultural fungicide, and is also used in spraying solutions in horticulture and in flower shops. Patch testing with Maneb-related compounds revealed no regular pattern of cross sensitization.

Adult↗