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Biomedical subjects

E Bianchi

Publications and source records attributed to E Bianchi.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Hormonal aspects of human gout--excretion of adrenal hormone derivatives in gouty patients.

Forty-seven patients with gout, 28 of whom had not previously been treated with allopurinol, and 25 normal subjects, were examined for 24-h urinary excretion of the most important adrenal steroid derivatives. Results were submitted to statistical analysis and several variables have been taken in consideration. The untreated patients showed significantly higher values of uricemia, urinary uric acid, triglycerides, slightly higher values of androsterone, 11-oxo-androsterone + 11-oxo-etiocholanolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and slightly lower values of 11-hydroxyandrosterone and pregnanetriol, in comparison to normal subjects. The different hormonal pattern seems to discriminate between patients with gout and normal subjects.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1983

Infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma treated by radiotherapy.

Infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma is a rare tumor of infancy, sometimes associated with cutaneous hemangiomatosis. It is clinically evident within the first six months after birth and can be life threatening because of heart failure, intraperitoneal hemorrhage or thrombocytopenia. In less severe forms spontaneous regression has been described. Current treatment may be surgical ligation of the hepatic artery, or pharmacological therapy with corticosteroids or radiotherapy. A 4-month infant is described, admitted with acute heart failure and huge hepatomegaly. Since a surgical approach was not possible and corticosteroid therapy failed to achieve the expected effect, radiotherapy was given with excellent results.

Hemangioendothelioma↗
PubMed1983

Indomethacin and sulindac inhibition of ACTH stimulated cortisol release from adrenal glands in vitro.

In slices of adrenal glands of guinea pig added ACTH (from femtograms to picograms levels) stimulates cortisol synthesis and release. This effect is antagonized in a non-linear competitive way by indomethacin (KE = 1.3 .10(-7)) and by sulindac (KI = 6.9 .10(-10)); indoprofen is a very weak antagonist. A number of other non-steroid antiinflammatory drug are ineffective as antagonists of ACTH.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1983

Study on the control of hepatitis B virus infection in an institution for the mentally retarded.

This study is a longitudinal epidemiologic survey (January 1980--December 1982) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers in an institution for subnormal people (62 patients--25 mentally retarded, 15 suffering from epilepsy, 15 from Down's syndrome, 7 from other diseases--and 23 nuns), in order to assess the prevalence and incidence of hepatitis B and the annual rate of seroconversion for HBV markers and to verify the efficacy of hygienic and prophylactic measures, that we adopted. Our data confirmed the efficacy of these measures, showing a significant decrease of HBsAg positive subjects and a parallel significant positivization of HBsAb positive subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Agenesis of corpus callosum, ocular, and skeletal anomalies (X-linked dominant Aicardi's syndrome) in a girl with balanced X/3 translocation.

Aicardi's syndrome, which is characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, specific chorioretinal abnormalities, and defects of vertebrae and ribs, is considered a probable X-linked dominant trait with male lethality. All features of this syndrome were seen in a girl with a de novo balanced X/3 translocation (46,X,t(X;3)(p22;q12)). It is hypothesized that the clinical picture is the consequence of chromosome breakage within the Aicardi locus. Then, unusual X-inactivation patterns in blood and fibroblasts of this patient can be explained by somatic selection against cells with the Aicardi phenotype.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1981

[Maple syrup disease. A clinical and rehabilitative study].

A child found, following long-drawn-out diagnosis, to be suffering from a disease characterised by maple syrup odour of the urine, offers the basis for some remarks on the most topical problems of rehabilitation in patients suffering from the sequelae of infant encephalopathies. The current physiopathologico-biochemical classification of protein metabolism changes and the nosographic-pathogenetic classification of the disease observed are reviewed. Mention is then made of diagnostico-clinical, laboratory and instrumental procedures before moving on to detailed description on the patient. Various re-educational techniques are examined and the paper closes with some remarks on problems of acceptance by society in the current socio-welfare-medical-educational situation. Stress is laid on the importance of attentive, profound analysis of each case, an examination which must exclude any mystifying equalitarianism a priori, and take the material form of effective intervention. Allowance must be made for the "globality" of the problems involved, the rejection of any "delegation", accompanied by a real awareness of the most appropriate solutions and the effective participation of the community as a whole. To achieve these aims, local medical structures today are of vital practical importance, representing as they do the analytical and operative terrain of afferences and efferences, precisely as regards their sociomedical-educational integration with specialist centres.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1981

Kinetic analysis of the response of plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide to glucagon injection in normal and diabetic subjects.

A compartmental model formed by plasma glucose, proinsulin, insulin, and C-peptide was proposed to allow a quantitative evaluation of the interrelationship among the different components of the system and to obtain a better discrimination between normal and pathologic subjects. In 11 control subjects, in 6 mild diabetics, and in 9 severe diabetics (insulin-dependent), the kinetics of plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide after an i.v. injection of glucagon (sampling for about 120 min) were fitted to the model which was solved with digital computing techniques. Since biphasic plasma insulin and C-peptide kinetics were demonstrated in many normals and mild diabetics, the effect of glucagon in the model was represented by a differential plus a proportional effect. The model (formed by 6 compartments and 14 transfer constants) takes into account the fact that insulin and C-peptide derive monomolecularly from proinsulin and that liver inactivates insulin. The values of the parameters obtained were submitted to stepwise discriminant analysis in order to obtain their relative importance in discriminating among the three groups of subjects. With respect to normal subjects, we found in diabetics an increased inflow of glucose into plasma; a decreased effect of glucagon in promoting the proinsulin response; a decreased effect of glucose in promoting the proinsulin response; a decreased glucose utilization; a lower coupling effect of insulin on glucose; and a higher disappearance rate of C-peptide. We observed a lower formation of insulin and C-peptide from proinsulin in severe diabetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pharmacokinetics of fentiazac in rats and monkeys.

Pharmacokinetic investigations were carried out on 2-phenyl-4-p-chlorophenyl-thiazol-5-ylacetic acid (fentiazac) in the rat and in the monkey. The drug, rapidly absorbed by the gastrointestinal system, shows a long maintenance in the body, with a long half-life in both animal species. The rate of biotransformation and the times of presence in the blood circulation of both unchanged drug and of its metabolites are indicated by the serum levels of cold fentiazac and labelled fentiazac. Urinary and fecal excretion attain levels amounting to 24 and 70%, respectively, of the dose administered.

Acetates↗
PubMed1980

[Benign recurrent cholestasis].

A 14-year-old girl with recurrent episodes of cholestatic jaundice since 7 years of age is presented. Absence of extrahepatic obstruction, recurrent character of jaundice and liver biopsy pattern suggest the diagnosis of benign recurrent cholestasis. Spontaneous variations in the clinical course of the illness make it difficult to evaluate the therapeutic value of drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Methods to monitor TCDD presence in atmospheric particulate in the Seveso area (author's transl)].

Analytical monitoring of atmospheric dust in the seveso area (Milan, Italy) was carried out in order to evaluate the magnitude of TCDD transmigration via air streams. Two sampling techniques were utilized: i) dust-jars and ii) high-volume air samplers. Experimental evidences have shown that dust-jars and high-volume samplers are suitable to monitoring of dust-borne TCDD: however, while the former are quite reliable and easy to use, the latter can only be employed provided the carrier dust complies with some specific requirements. Dust contamination above sensitivity threshold was occasionally detected when specimens were collected near to mainly contaminated area ("A" area): however, only the atmospheric dust gathered in zone A1 was consistently found to contain TCDD.

Air Movements↗
PubMed1978

A new familial defect in neutrophil bactericidal activity.

A 4-year-old boy with recurrent infections and his clinically healthy father showed a severe, isolated defect in bactericidal activity of peripheral neutrophil leukocytes (the mother and the only sister were normal). Lymph nodes, spleen and liver of the child presented a massive infiltration by macrophages. Such infiltration and the segmentary albinism of the hair resemble traits of the Chediak-Higashi syndrome, but some of the most relevant traits of this syndrome are absent, since all other neutrophil functions were normal in our patient.

Adult↗