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Biomedical subjects

E Ascari

Publications and source records attributed to E Ascari.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Synoviorthesis versus synovectomy in the treatment of recurrent haemophilic haemarthrosis: long-term evaluation.

The authors report a long-term evaluation of the effects of chemical and surgical synovectomies performed in two groups of patients which were comparable as regards number of haemarthrosis per year and joint mobility. The results obtained indicated that both synovectomy and synoviorthesis were effective in reducing the bleeding episodes; however, while synovectomy stopped almost completely the recurrence of haemarthrosis, synoviorthesis in 3 patients younger than 12 years did not modify it and in one case it even increased the bleeding tendency. Moreover, the occurrence of arthritic pain was observed in 6 knees treated by synoviorthesis and only in 3 knees treated by synovectomy. Finally, the joint function was significantly reduced in the synoviorthesis group as compared to the synovectomy group. In conclusion, synovectomy gave better results than synoviorthesis but the latter treatment has a number of economical and technical advantages and should therefore be considered in patients older than 12 year of age with good joint function and without evident radiological changes, in whom full dose replacement therapy has had no effect on the recurrence of haemarthrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Reed-Sternberg cell leukaemia.

A case of Reed-Sternberg (R-S) leukaemia is described, and the results of the morphological, cytochemical and cytokinetic studies on the circulating neoplastic cells are reported. Detailed data are given for each of the 3 types of abnormal circulating cells: abnormal mononuclear (AM) cells, Hodgkin's (H) cells and R-S cells. Our results cannot discriminate whether R-S cells derive from monocyte-macrophages or from B-cell lineage. However, some data suggest that H and R-S cells may likely originate from AM cells. The unfavourable clinical significance of the appearance of circulating R-S cells is discussed taking into account the other few cases reported in literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Ageing of rabbit red cells in vitro: membrane modifications and their possible role in red cell survival in vivo.

In vitro incubation induces, in rabbit red cell membranes, significant modifications consisting mainly in a decrease of sialic acid and galactose. In vivo the life span of incubated erythrocytes seems to be correlated to the degree of surface alterations and ATP depletion: larger surface modifications and energy charge reduction induce shorter survival time. It can therefore be postulated that incubation of red cell in vitro can cause an ageing process similar to that occurring physiologically in vivo.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1981

Enhanced antithrombotic mechanisms in patients with maturity-onset diabetes mellitus without thromboembolic complications.

Some haemostatic parameters have been evaluated in a group of rigorously selected patients with maturity-onset diabetes mellitus without thromboembolic complications and in apparently normal subjects of the same age before and after the venous occlusion test (VOT). In basal conditions diabetics had higher levels of AT III as biological activity and higher fibrinolytic and antifibrinolytic activities than controls. After VOT, F VIII R:Ag increased significantly in both groups, more markedly in controls than in diabetics, while F VIII: C showed no modification. Also AT III R:Ag increased after the test, but such variation was significant only in diabetics; on the contrary, the biological activity of AT III was always significantly decreased after the test. After VOT there were also in both groups highly significant increases in the fibrinolytic and antifibrinolytic activities. Finally, HbA1c levels directly correlated with AT III as biological activity before VOT, but with no other parameter either before or after the test. These data suggest the existence in patients with diabetes mellitus without thromboembolic complications of an activated protective mechanism against intravascular clotting.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Potential diagnostic and prognostic significance of the transformation-enhancing factor(s) in the plasma cryoprecipitate of tumor patients.

A biological activity which enhances cell transformation (TEF) in Rous sarcoma virus temperature-sensitive mutant-infected cultures has been evidenced in the plasma cryoprecipitate from patients affected with different types of neoplastic disease. In the present paper we report data on the analysis of TEF activity in the plasma cryoprecipitates from leukemic and tumor patients tested either before or during specific antineoplastic treatments. The screening of 57 cases of different neoplastic diseases and of 57 controls, healthy subjects or patients affected with other non-neoplastic diseases indicates that TEF activity is generally related to the presence of neoplasia. Furthermore, a follow-up of patients from the onset of the disease through its evolution during therapy suggests that variations of TEF activity in the plasma cryoprecipitate correlate well with the clinical and pathological conditions, thus indicating the TEF as a potential marker for monitoring cancer patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Morphological and cytochemical studies of circulating Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells.

Morphological and cytochemical studies of circulating neoplastic cells were carried out in a patient who presented a preterminal leukaemic phase of Hodgkin's disease (HD). Three types of abnormal cells were found in the peripheral blood: abnormal mononuclear cells, Hodgkin's cells and Reed-Sternberg cells. All neoplastic cells were cytochemically negative to Sudan black B, peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase. Some neoplastic cells were positive to PAS and all were positive to acid phosphatase, alpha-naphthylacetate esterase and beta-glucuronidase. The origin of the neoplastic population in HD is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Cytokinetic changes in the peripheral blood of leukemic patients during cytostatic therapy. VI. Effect of arabinosylcytosine.

Flow and conventional DNA-cytofluorometry and in vitro tritiated thymidine cytoautoradiography were employed in the study of the cytokinetic changes induced by Ara-c on the peripheral blood blast cells of six patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemias. Nine courses of therapy were studied, in 5 of which Ara-c was administered in low pulse doses (20-60 mg/sqm) repeated every 12 hrs and in the other 4 it was administered in continuous infusion (90-150 mg/sqm) lasting 24 hrs. Low repeated pulse doses have little cytocidal effect and increase the 2n-4n cell percentage and, less markedly, the LI, while the median grain count is reduced. Many U-like cells and accumulation of 3H-TdR labeled blasts in early S phase were observed during therapy. The continuous infusion of Ara-c induces striking cytoreduction and concomitantly decreases the 2n-4n percentage and LI. Progressive recovery of 2n-4n percentage and LI over pretreatment values was observed 24-48 hrs after stopping infusion in one case and was probably due to cell recruitment following tumor mass reduction. Our data agree with the literature, which is briefly reviewed, in that they indicate that Ara-c in a low intravenous pulse frequently dose synchronizes the blasts in S phase while higher doses of the drug are more often cytocidal in S phase and cell recruitment can follow cytoreduction.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Cytokinetic studies on circulating neoplastic cells of Hodgkin's disease.

In two patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease the DNA content, the mitotic index and the in vitro tritiated thymidine labeling index of the neoplastic cells found in peripheral blood, bone marrow and, in one case, in ascitic fluid have been determined. Cytologically the tumor cells were classified into three groups: atypical mononuclear cells, Hodgkin (H) cells and Reed-Sternberg (R-S) cells. Two populations with clearly different kinetic features were recognized. The first one was that of atypical mononuclear cells which exhibited diploid DNA content and proliferative activity of moderate degree: tetraploid cells were, however, observed more frequently than expected. The second population grouped together H and R-S cells, had tetraploid modal DNA content and very high proliferative activity. Hodgkin cells had tetraploid or slightly greater DNA content while R-S cells exhibited also DNA values as high as octoploid and sometimes greater. It can be postulated that by endomitosis some atypical mononuclear cells give origin to H cells and that these assume the monstrous features of R-S cells while increasing their DNA content during the DNA synthesis phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

UV-induced DNA repair in hairy cell leukaemia patients.

We analysed by liquid scintillation counting and by autoradiography the DNA repair synthesis induced by UV irradiation in mononucleated cells from peripheral blood of 'hairy cell leukaemia' patients. In 9 out of 12 patients the repair activity values obtained in repeated assays were found to be significantly lower than those of healthy donors.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Studies of ineffective erythropoiesis and peripheral haemolysis in congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type II.

Erythrokinetic parameters were estimated in six patients suffering from congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type II (CDA II) by means of a mathematical model of iron kinetics. A wide variation in effectiveness of erythroid activity was observed, and a significant negative correlation was found between ineffective erythropoiesis and peripheral haemolysis. In four patients with prominent peripheral haemolysis, splenectomy was carried out. Marked improvement in their clinical condition and in haemoglobin level resulted.

Adolescent↗