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E Arnesen

Publications and source records attributed to E Arnesen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Association between heart rate and atherogenic blood lipid fractions in a population. The Tromsø Study.

BACKGROUND: Prospective epidemiological studies indicate that elevated heart rate may carry increased risk for coronary heart disease. Little is known about the relation between heart rate and serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in the general population. METHODS AND RESULTS: We assessed anthropometric and life-style determinants of heart rate and examined the association between heart rate and serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in a cross-sectional study of 9,719 men and 9,433 women 12-59 years old. Stratified and multivariate analyses were used to detect possible modification of effect and to control for confounding variables. Heart rate was positively associated with male sex and smoking, decreased with body height and physical activity, and showed a U-shaped relation to body mass index. In both sexes, there was a significant progressive increase in age-adjusted levels of total cholesterol, non-high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides and a decrease in HDL cholesterol with heart rate. Men with heart rate greater than 89 beats per minute had 14.5% higher non-HDL cholesterol and 36.3% higher triglyceride levels than men with heart rate less than 60 beats per minute. The corresponding differences in women were 12.5% and 22.2%. The associations remained significant when anthropometric and life-style factors were controlled for. The slopes relating total and non-HDL cholesterol level to heart rate were steeper with advancing age. CONCLUSIONS: Increases in heart rate correlate with higher levels of atherogenic serum lipid fractions in the general population. Alterations in aortic impedance and/or autonomic influences may underlie these associations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Pattern of childbearing and mortality in married women--a national prospective study from Norway.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different pattern of childbearing on total mortality. DESIGN: A cohort study with all currently married women aged 25 years or more at the Norwegian census in 1970 with follow up to the end of 1985. Information on childbearing was obtained by questionnaires collected by enumerators. Follow up on death was found by a linkage based on the unique Norwegian identification number, between census information and the death register in the Central Bureau of Statistics. SETTING: The study was a national population survey. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 822,593 women with 11.5 million years of follow up and 112,023 deaths. MAIN RESULTS: Nulliparous women had higher mortality than parous women in all age groups. Parity showed a weak association with increasing mortality among high parous women. Lowest mortality was found for parous women with 2-4 children and a late first and last birth, adjusted for socioeconomic group by level of women's education. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that postponed childbearing may benefit the health of women.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Measles].

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Humans↗
PubMed1986

Distribution of high density lipoprotein cholesterol according to relative body weight, cigarette smoking and leisure time physical activity. The Cardiovascular Disease Study in Finnmark 1977.

The relationship between HDL cholesterol and relative body weight, cigarette smoking and leisure time physical activity were examined in 7338 healthy men and 6768 healthy women aged 20-53 years, living in Finnmark County, Northern Norway. The independent effects of the three factors were examined by an analysis of covariance. In both sexes a strong and almost linear negative association was observed between relative body weight and HDL cholesterol. HDL cholesterol was lower in smokers than in non-smokers, the difference being more pronounced in females than in males. A weak but significant positive association was observed between leisure time physical activity and HDL cholesterol in both sexes.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The Tromsø Heart Study: distribution of, and determinants for, gamma-glutamyltransferase in a free-living population.

Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) was measured in 1579 men, aged 20-54 years, and 1654 women, aged 20-49 years, screened for coronary risk factors. The distribution was right-skewed with medians 15 and 10 U/l for men and women, respectively. Less than 3.8% of the men and 0.8% of the women had GGT greater than or equal to 50 U/l. The low level of GGT matched well with the low mortality of cirrhosis and the modest use of alcohol in Norway. Multiple regression analysis for each sex showed a strong positive association with body mass index, use of alcohol and, unexpectedly, a negative association with coffee consumption, whereas serum triglycerides and the time since the last meal showed a weaker positive association. In women, use of oral contraceptives was positively associated with GGT.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Psoriasis: familial predisposition and environmental factors.

In a survey for coronary risk factors 14 667 adult men and women answered a questionnaire on lifestyle, diet, and health, including whether they had psoriasis. The overall prevalence of psoriasis was 4.79% in men and 4.85% in women. The data showed an increasing incidence of psoriasis. The association with family history, lifestyle, diet, and health was explored by multiple regression analysis. The occurrence of psoriasis in first degree relatives contributed to more than 90% of the explained variance for both sexes. Of the other variables, only the positive association with rheumatoid arthritis was significant in both sexes. It is concluded that the examined environmental factors have only minor effects on the prevalence of psoriasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The Tromsø heart study: coffee consumption and serum lipid concentrations in men with hypercholesterolaemia: an randomised intervention study.

In a 10 week trial to assess the effects of coffee consumption and coffee brewing methods on serum cholesterol concentrations 33 men with hypercholesterolaemia were randomly assigned to: continue with their usual coffee intake; stop drinking coffee altogether; or stop drinking coffee for five weeks, thereafter drinking either boiled or filter coffee. Cholesterol concentrations fell significantly in all subjects abstaining for the first five weeks compared with subjects not giving up and continued to fall in those abstaining for 10 weeks. Cholesterol concentrations rose again in subjects returning to boiled coffee but remained the same in those returning to filter coffee. Abstention from heavy coffee drinking is an efficient way of reducing serum cholesterol concentrations in men with hypercholesterolaemia. The extent to which the brewing method affects this relation requires further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The Tromsø heart study: coronary risk factors and their association with living conditions during childhood.

We examined the relation between questionnaire answers concerning living conditions during childhood and coronary risk factors in 7405 men and 7247 women. Poverty during childhood was positively associated with age-adjusted levels (p less than 0.05) of total cholesterol and percentage of current smokers (men only) and negatively associated with body height. When cholesterol was adjusted for age, body mass index, leisure time physical activity, coffee and alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking there was a significant linear trend in women (p less than or equal to 0.0001) but not in men (p = 0.224). Analysing only subjects born in Troms county, giving a more homogeneous population, the linear trend became significant (p = 0.011) for men also. We conclude that childhood poverty followed by a high standard of living operates, at least partly, as a risk factor for coronary heart disease through conventional risk factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The Tromsø heart study. Does coffee raise serum cholesterol?

We examined the relation between coffee consumption and levels of serum total cholesterol, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides in a population of 7213 women and 7368 men between the ages of 20 and 54 years. Coffee consumption was positively associated with levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides in both sexes and was inversely associated with levels of HDL cholesterol in women. The coffee-cholesterol relation remained strong and statistically significant (P less than 0.0001 in a covariance analysis) after adjustment for age, logarithm of body-mass index, physical activity in leisure time, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption. After adjustment for all covariates, the total cholesterol level was 5.56 +/- 0.05 mmol per liter (mean +/- S.E.) in men drinking less than one cup of coffee a day, as compared with 6.23 +/- 0.03 mmol per liter in those consuming more than nine cups a day. The corresponding figures for women were 5.32 +/- 0.05 and 5.92 +/- 0.04 mmol per liter. None of the other variables considered could explain this relation. We conclude that coffee consumption is a major contributor to the variation in levels of total cholesterol.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pulmonary excretion of methanol in man.

An otherwise healthy methanol-poisoned male was treated with ethanol and forced diuresis. No acidosis or visual symptoms occurred. His blood ethanol concentrations varied between 10.7 and 30.0 mmol/l (0.49-1.38 g/l). His maximal blood methanol concentration was 14.4 mmol/l (0.45 g/l) and his plasma formate levels were within reference range (0.11-0.29 mmol/l). In a 24 h period where methanol metabolism was blocked by ethanol, the total body clearance and renal clearance of methanol were 11.3 and 5.7 ml/min, respectively. The difference, 5.6 ml/min, to a large extent reflects the pulmonary clearance of methanol thus being low in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Serum lipids and glucose concentrations in subjects using antihypertensive drugs: Finnmark 1977.

As a side project to a study of coronary risk factors 4878 men and women aged 20-53 were interviewed about present and previous use of antihypertensive drugs. Serum lipid and glucose concentrations were compared in 124 present users, 73 previous users, and 124 controls matched for age, sex, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Users of betablockers, thiazides, and other antihypertensive drugs had higher total cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose and lower HDL-cholesterol than the other groups, but only the difference in HDL-cholesterol was statistically significant. Smokers had statistically significant lower HDL-cholesterol than non-smokers in drug users, whereas there were only minor differences between them in previous and never users. This indicates an interaction between smoking and current antihypertensive medication. The unfavourable serum lipid pattern may, if caused by drug use, explain the lack of influence that antihypertensive treatment has had on the incidence of coronary heart disease in intervention studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Further characterization of human suppressor cells generated in mixed lymphocyte cultures.

Suppressor cells can be generated in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC). The studies reported here show that the cells responsible for suppression belong to relatively radioresistant T cells. Furthermore, to generate suppressor cells in MLC, the cells must be able to proliferate, while this is not necessary for expression of the suppressive capacity.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1979

Pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of muzolimine in cardiac failure.

The pharmacokinetics of a new "high ceiling" diuretic, muzolimine (Bay g 2821), were investigated after a single oral dose of 40 mg in 7 patients with cardiac failure (Stages I-IV, New York Heart Association classification), and in 2 healthy subjects. Plasma concentrations peaked 1-3 h after administration and declined according to a two-compartment model. The alpha-phase (distribution phase) lasted until 12-16 h after administration and the mean t 1/2 a was 3.6 h (range 2.3-4.7) in patients, and 2.6 h (range 2.3-2.9) in healthy subjects. The mean t 1/2 beta was 13.5 h (range 7.4-22.4) in the patients and 14.0 h (range 12.4-14.6) in healthy subjects. T 1/2 beta was not correlated with the degree of heart failure or with the area beneath the plasma concentration curve, which varied three-fold. The renal clearance of muzolimine was in the range 2.7-15.3 ml . min-1 in 5 subjects in whom it was investigated. The pharmacokinetics of muzolimine appear not to be significantly altered by cardiac failure. The prolonged half-lives of the drug are probably responsible for the longer duration of diuretic action reported for muzolimine than for furosemide and bumetamide.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity directed against HLA-D gene products.

Cytotoxic effector cells were generated in human mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLCs) between cell donors differing at the HLA-D/DR region but not at HLA-A,B(C). These cells killed Epstein-Barr virus-infected lymphoblasts (EBV blasts) from donors sharing the HLA-D/DR determinants with the normal MLC-stimulating cells, but not phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) lymphoblasts from the same donors. Because EBV blasts are derived from B cells and express HLA-D/DR antigens, the most likely interpretation of these findings is that the HLA-D/DR antigens may, by themselves, act as targets for cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

Cytotoxicity, Immunologic↗
PubMed1979

Development of sequence specific radioimmunoassay of human parathyroid hormone and its use in the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism.

Two antisera which were raised against bovine parathyroid hormone (bPTH), and which cross-reacted with the human hormone, have been characterized. The antisera which originated from rooster and guinea-pig, were found to contain several populations of antibodies directed against both N-terminal and C-terminal sequences of the hormone. However, at proper dilutions the rooster antiserum did not bind the N-terminal fragment nor could this fragment displace the [125I] bPTH (1--84 amino acid residue) from binding to the antiserum. Furthermore, preincubation experiments with excess N-terminal fragment showed only a negligible reduction in maximal binding of the iodinated intact hormone using the rooster antiserum. In contrast, the guinea-pig antiserum reacted equally well with the N-terminal fragment and the intact hormone, and preincubation with this fragment reduced the binding of the [125I]bPTH (1--84 amino acid residues) by 75%. Gel filtration of hyperparathyroid serum on Bio-Gel P-60 showed immunoreactive material which was measured with both antisera, eluting at a position similar to the intact hormone. However, in the C-terminal specific, but not in the N-terminal specific radioimmunoassay the major component eluted together with or somewhat earlier than the N-terminal bPTH fragment (1--34 amino acid residue), and this peak represented more than 90% of total immunoreactive PTH (iPTH) in serum. This major iPTH component must therefore represent fragment(s) with intact carboxy-terminal sequences. The N-terminal specific radioimmunoassay was unable to measure iPTH in about 80--90% of healthy individuals while the C-terminal specific assay detected iPTH in about 88% of these sera (equal to or above 0.1 micrograms/l). Similarly, the N-terminal specific antiserum measured consistently lower serum iPTH concentrations in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. In thirty-four out of forty-one patients with surgically verified primary hyperparathyroidism, serum iPTH concentrations equal to or above 0.60 micrograms/l were demonstrated using the C-terminal, specific radioimmunoassay.

Acute Disease↗