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Biomedical subjects

D Williams

Publications and source records attributed to D Williams.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Saliva lithium levels: clinical applications.

The authors note that despite a few reports in the literature indicating that saliva lithium levels could adequately replace serum determinations in monitoring patients being treated with lithium salts, this procedure has not received much clinical application. A study of 20 patients investigated correlations between serum and mixed saliva and parotid fluid lithium levels and documented the reliability of this procedure. The authors suggest that an individual patient's ratio of serum to saliva concentrations should be calculated and used as a constant in the determinations. Patients can collect saliva samples and send them to the laboratory prior to their visits, decreasing the facility's sample collection costs and the patients' inconvenience and discomfort.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1975

Electrophysiological effects of burimamide and 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 on the canine gastric mucosa.

The electrophysiological effects of two potent inhibitors of gastric acid secretion, burimamide and 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dm-PGE2), were determined in an in vivo histamine-stimulated canine stomach preparation and an in vitro canine gastric mucosal preparation. In the in vivo stomach preparation, intravenous burimamide caused a decrease in acid secretion, an increase in transmucosal potential difference (PD) and the relative resistance (R) was essentially unchanged. Intravenous dm-PGE2 also inhibited acid secretion and increased PD but, in contrast to burimamide, increased R. In the in vitro preparation, the unidirectional flux of sodium from mucosa to serosa increased after dm-PGE2 but not after burimamide. Passive sodium fluxes and unidirectional chloride fluxes were not altered after either agent. These findings suggest that increased active transport of sodium from mucosa to serosa is at least partially responsible for the observed increase in transmural PD with dm-PGE2, an agent which also decreases hydrogen ion transport. With burimamide the increased PD was due primarily to inhibition of hydrogen ion secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Modulation of stimulated acid secretion by dibutyryl cyclic AMP in the dog stomach.

An in vivo canine gastric chamber preparation was used to determine effects of exogenous cyclic AMP and dibutyryl cyclic AMP on histamine-driven acid secretion and the role of blood flow in these responses. Histamine was infused intravenously at a submaximal rate 1.2 mu/kg-min) followed by the intraarterial infusion of either cyclic AMP (0.15 mg/kg-min) or dibutyryl cyclic AMP (0.15 mg/kg-min. Acid secretion and mucosal blood flow (aminopyrine clearance) were measured at 15-minute intervals, and electrical potential difference was measured continuously. Histamine alone decreased the potential difference from 82 mV to 48 mV within 60 minutes, increased aminopyrine clearance from 1.0 ml/min to 2.4 ml/min and increased acid output to 220 muEq/15 min. All values returned towards control following termination of histamine infusion. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP significantly increased histamine stimulated acid secretion to 350 muEq/15 min, but did not alter mucosal blood flow or electrical potential. Cyclic AMP did not change secretory, circulatory or electrical response to histamine. Therefore, dibutyryl cyclic AMP appears to increase histamine-stimulated acid secretion, and the effect is not mediated by increased mucosal blood flow.

Aminopyrine↗