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Biomedical subjects

D Wang

Publications and source records attributed to D Wang.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Modulatory effect of blood cells on hypoxic vasoconstriction response and nitric oxide release in rat lungs.

In this study, we investigated the modulatory effects of different types of blood cells on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstrictive (HPV) response and nitric oxide (NO) release in isolated rat lungs. The lungs were perfused at a constant flow with physiologic saline solution (PSS). The changes in pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and NO release were observed. Two hypoxic challenges with a 5% CO2-95% N2 gas mixture were carried out in each experiment. Hypoxia induced pulmonary vasoconstriction, as reflected by an increase in PAP (0.88 +/- 0.22 cmH2O). At the same time, NO (342.9 +/- 78.3 mv) release from the lungs was also increased. Addition of white blood cells (WBCs, 0.70 to 0.88 x 10(5)/mL), platelets (1.48 to 1.96 x 10(5)/mL), or red blood cells (RBCs, 4.6 to 6.6 x 10(5)/mL) into the perfusate produced different effects on PAP and NO changes. WBCs decreased the pulmonary vasoconstriction response and this was accompanied by an increase in NO release. Platelets had no significant effects on either PAP or NO. RBCs significantly potentiated the PAP increase and attenuated the NO release. The results indicate that NO release during hypoxia tends to offset pulmonary vasoconstriction and that NO release and HPV response are modulated by different cell elements.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Mitral valve replacement with complete mitral leaflet retention: operative techniques.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS OF THE STUDY: This report describes surgical indication and operative technique of complete preservation of the mitral valvular and subvalvular apparatus during mitral valve replacement. METHODS: Twenty patients, 12 with rheumatic lesions and eight with congenital lesions, were operated between 1991 and 1996. The left atrium was opened using a trans-septal approach through the right atrium in 17 patients, and at the intra-atrial groove in three. The valve was sized without excising any mitral valvular or subvalvular tissue. Teflon pledget-reinforced horizontal mattress valve sutures were passed from the left atrium, through the mitral annulus, around the free edge of mitral leaflet, and up through the prosthetic sewing ring. The prosthetic valve was seated and the sutures tied, reefing the native leaflets and compressing them between the sewing ring and native annulus. Thus, chordal tension on the ventricle was evenly maintained. RESULTS: There was no operative or late death. Postoperative results were excellent. Echocardiography showed that none of the patients had any observable anterior leaflet and redundant subvalvular tissue in the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT); thus, neither LVOT obstruction nor interference with prosthetic valve function occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these findings, it is suggested that when mitral valve replacement is required in patients with mitral insufficiency (MI) or MI with mild stenosis, the mitral valvular and subvalvular tissue should be completely preserved.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[The relation between alpha1-antichymotrypsin gene polymorphism and epsilon4 allele of apolipoprotein E gene in Alzheimer disease in Chinese].

OBJECTIVE: To detect the relation between alpha1-antichymotrpsin(AACT)gene polymorphism and epsilon4 allele of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene in Alzheimer disease (AD) in Chinese. METHODS: The gene polymorphisms of ApoE and AACT were genotyped in 125 AD cases and 140 controls with PCR methods and RFLP typing. Then the association between AACT polymorphism and ApoE epsilon4 was analysed. RESULTS: There was no association between AD and any allele or genotype of AACT polymorphism; AACT polymorphism was not associated with AD ApoE epsilon4 or without ApoE epsilon4. In AACT*AT and AACT*TT genotypes, ApoE epsilon4 allele was associated with AD, but no association was observed in AACT*AA genotype. CONCLUSION: AACT may not be associated with AD in Chinese, and this effect can not be influenced by ApoE epsilon4, but AACT gene polymorphism may affect the association between ApoE epsilon4 allele and AD.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Erythrocyte 3-O-methyl-D-glucose uptake assay for diagnosis of glucose-transporter-protein syndrome.

Glucose transport into the brain is mediated by a facilitative glucose-transporter protein, GLUT-1. A GLUT-1 defect results in the Glucose-Transporter-Protein Syndrome (GTPS), characterized by infantile epilepsy, developmental delay, and acquired microcephaly. The diagnosis is currently based on clinical features, low to normal lactate levels and low glucose levels (hypoglycorrhachia) in the cerebrospinal fluid, and the demonstration of impaired GLUT-1 function in erythrocytes as described here. Blood samples were collected in sodium-heparin or citrate-phosphate-dextrose solution and uptake of 14C-labeled 3-O-Methyl-D-glucose (3OMG into erythrocytes (0.5 mmol/L 3OMG; 1 microCi/mL) was measured at 4C and pH 7.4. Three-OMG influx was terminated at 5-second intervals, washed cells were lysed, and uptake was quantitated by liquid scintillation counting. Patients' uptake (n = 22) was 44 +/- 8% of controls (100 +/- 22%, n = 70). Statistical analyses showed an uptake cut-off point at 60% uptake, a sensitivity of 86% (95%-confidence interval 78 to 94%), and a specificity of 97% (95%-confidence interval 93 to 100%). Gender, age, and ketosis did not influence 3OMG uptake. This assay provides a reproducible and accurate laboratory test for diagnosing the GTPS.

3-O-Methylglucose↗
PubMed1999

[Dynamic changes of nitric oxide and biochemistry in rats with intrahepatic cholestasis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between nitric oxide and biochemical changes of intrahepatic cholestasis. METHODS: Studies were made on endogenous NO, biochemical changes of cholestasis, liver mitochondrial function and renal excretion in a rat model at different time points after ANIT administration. RESULTS: In acute reactive phase, serum bilirubin, ALT, AKP, and bile acids significantly increased, accompanied by enhanced plasma NO and renal excretion. Liver NO increased and mitochondrial SDH activity decreased for 2-6 days after ANIT. There was a high negative correlation between liver NO and mitochondrial SDH activity (r = -0.92). CONCLUSION: These results show that higher liver NO may be an important mediator of intrahepatic cholestasis. However, plasma NO increase may play a role in rapidly decreasing serum bilirubin and restoring bile acids, ALT, and AKP to control levels by mediating enhanced renal excretion.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1999

A clinical trial on yu cong tang in treatment of senile dementia.

Yu Cong Tang ([symbol: see text]), a TCM decoction, was used to treat senile dementia. It has the action of invigorating the spleen, reinforcing the kidney, nourishing yin, strengthening yang, improving blood circulation, dredging the channels, removing phlegm and restoring consciousness. CT, EEG, REG, Hb, PaO2, Tch, TG and 17-OHCS were tested, showing significant differences (P < 0.05 or < 0.01) before and after the treatment. Remarkable improvement was found in clinical symptoms, and the effective rate was 94.1%. Significant differences were found between the TCM and western medicine (WM) groups in symptom improvement (P < 0.05-0.01) and therapeutic results (P < 0.001).

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence of antibodies to the hepatitis E virus in pigs from countries where hepatitis E is common or is rare in the human population.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a very important public health concern in many developing countries where epidemics of hepatitis E are common. Sporadic cases of clinical hepatitis E not only occur in these countries but also occur uncommonly in patients with no known epidemiological exposure to HEV in industrialized countries. The source of infection in industrialized countries is unknown but it has been suggested that animals might serve as a reservoir for HEV in both settings. We recently identified and characterized an HEV strain (swine HEV) that infects large numbers of pigs in the United States. To assess the potential of pigs to serve as a global reservoir of HEV, we measured the prevalence of HEV antibodies in pigs in two countries where hepatitis E is endemic and two countries where it is not. Swine herds in all four countries contained many pigs that were seropositive for IgG anti-HEV, although the percentage of seropositive pigs varied greatly from herd to herd. A very limited number of pig handlers in the two endemic countries were also tested and most of them were found to be seropositive for HEV. The results from this study suggest that hepatitis E is enzootic in pigs regardless of whether HEV is endemic in the respective human population. J. Med. Virol. 59:297-302, 1999. Published 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1999

Review of objective topographic facial nerve evaluation methods.

OBJECTIVE: This study is a critical review of the described methods for objective topographic evaluation of facial nerve function to identify areas of consensus and point to future research topics. SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION: Original research articles on the subject were identified through the Medline database and reference cross-checking. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: The articles were grouped according to the methodology used for topographic facial nerve evaluation. The advantages and shortcomings of each method are evaluated. The results obtained in each publication are presented in light of the method used. CONCLUSION: Measurements localized around the facial area under investigation show maximal displacement, whereas other sites exhibit much smaller displacements. Large displacements in these locations can be used to assess synkinesis and contractures. Large intersubject variability of the same measure is found. Both linear measurement and image-subtracting techniques hold promise. but until comparative studies are performed, the best method will remain controversial. Simple systems, accurately evaluating facial motor function, are yet to be developed.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1999

[CAG trinucleotide mutation detection in patients with hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of the SCA1, SCA2,SCA3/MJD, SCA6, SCA7 and DRPLA CAG trinucleotide repeat expansions(CAG)n among individuals diagnosed with hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia(SCA) from Chinese families. METHODS: The SCA1, SCA2, SCA3/MJD, SCA6, SCA7 and DRPLA(CAG)n mutations were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining technique in 167 patients with autosomal dominant SCA from 85 Chinese families and 37 sporadic SCA patients. RESULTS: Among 85 families, four families(4.70%) had seven SCA1 patients with the CAG repeat expanded to 53 to 62 repeats, five (5.88%) had twelve SCA2 patients with the CAG repeat expanded to 43 to 47 repeats, and 41 (48.23%) had 83 SCA3/MJD patients with the CAG repeat expanded to 68 to 83 repeats. Analysis of the mutation in these families showed a strong negative correlation between the size of the expanded CAG repeat and the age of disease onset. None of the SCA patients were positive for SCA6, SCA7, or DRPLA. Nor was any of the sporadic SCA patients positive for the CAG repeat expansion in the SCA1, SCA2, SCA3/MJD, SCA6, SCA7, or DRPLA gene. CONCLUSION: The frequency of SCA3/MJD is substantially higher than that of SCA1 and SCA2 in the autosomal dominant SCA from Chinese families. Chinese SCA3/MJD patients are non-Portuguese. Clinical expressions of the various SCAs overlap one another and hence can make the phenotype-based diagnostic classification inaccurate in many instances. It is important for SCA clinical studies to make an SCA gene diagnosis and genotype analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Translating national childhood immunization guidelines to a computer-based reminder recall system within an immunization registry.

To translate national childhood immunization guidelines to a computer-based reminder recall system, hierarchical system architecture design and combined approach of tabular and procedural knowledge representation are taken. Nested branches with hierarchical combinations of single antecedent variables are used to avoid logical incompleteness, redundancy and inconsistency. Mapping to the local electronic medical vocabulary is implemented to facilitate the integration with the local information system architecture. 26 second-level modules with 195 original branches and 121 final branches after pruning are encoded. 99.67% of the reminders are confirmed to be correct by SQL query.

Child↗
PubMed1999

Treatment of atrophic cholecystitis by regulating the spleen--a report of 50 cases.

Fifty cases of atrophic cholecystitis were treated by regulating of the spleen. Of them, 21 were cured, 18 remarkably effective, and 7 effective. The overall effective rate was 92.0%. As compared with the results of ultrasonography B performed before and after treatment, it was shown that both the longitudinal and transverse inner diameters of the gallbladder increased evidently, and the condition of atrophy improved remarkably after treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[An investigation on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among 336 health workers].

OBJECTIVE: To find out prevalence of diabetes millitus among health workers. METHODS: Physical examination was conducted among 336 health workers. Blood glucose was determined by routine glucokinase method. RESULTS: Results showed that IGT was 26.49%. According to the WHO diagnostic standard, the prevalence rate of diabetes was 9.23% (31/336) with type II 96.77% and type I 3.22%. Among diabetes cases, 61.29% (19/31) was newly diagnosed. The prevalence rates of IGT and diabetes were related to age and both BMI (Trend chi 2 test: P < 0.01) and family history were important factors (OR = 10) 42.11% of the new cases had complications. CONCLUSION: It is important to provide health workers with more knowledge on the prevention of diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of hypertonic saline/dextran 70 on delayed resuscitation of dogs with burn shock].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of hypertonic saline/dextran 70 on delayed resuscitation of burn shock. METHODS: Eighteen mongrel dogs with 35% TBSA, third-degree burn were used in this study. Lactated Ringer's (LR) or 7.5% NaCl+ 6% dextran 70 (HSD) was given for resuscitation 6 h postburn. The volumes and rates of fluid infusion were controlled basically on the urinary output of 1.0 ml.kg-1.h-1 and cardiac output (CO) of 70%-80% of preburn values. The volume load, +dp/dtmax, -dp/dtmax, CI,DO2 and VO2 were obtained to evaluate the effect of HSD resuscitation. RESULTS: The resuscitated volume of HSD was 30.56% less during first 24 h postburn and 59.50% less at 4 h after resuscitation than LR's. The +dp/dtmax, CI,DO2 and VO2 were increased significantly with HSD infusion at 2 h, 1 h and 0.5 h after resuscitation compared with LR's. CONCLUSION: HSD could expand plasma volume significantly with small quantity. The cardiac contractility was enhanced and the oxygen delivery, oxygen consumption were increased in delayed resuscitation of burn shock.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Measurement of boundary line of urinary bladder and peritoneum in abdominal wall and the application in performing cesarean section with urinary bladder reversal method].

OBJECTIVE: To provide the basic research data and clinical application in performing extraperitoneal cesarean section (CS) with urinary bladder reversal method. METHODS: The position and the surface projection of the vesico-peritoneal fold and the apex of the urinary bladder were measured in 107 cases of term pregnant women (37-42 weeks, aged 20-40). RESULTS: The distance from the bladder apex to the umbilicus and to the symphysis pubis were (14.1 +/- 3.4) cm and (6.8 +/- 1.4) cm respectively, while from the utero-vesical pouch to umbilicus and symphysis pubis were (15.8 +/- 3.9) cm and (4.9 +/- 1.5) cm respectively. During late pregnancy the projection of bladder apex was located at the point between the middle and the lower 1/3 of the line from umbilicus to symphysis pubis; while the utero-vesical pouch was located at the point between upper 3/4 and the lower 1/4 of the same line. The time interval from the start of operation to the delivery of baby was (14.56 +/- 6.3) min, and the total operation period was (45.5 +/- 9.3) min. The largest baby weighed 5,050 gm and there was no bladder injury. CONCLUSION: To define the position of vesical peritoneal fold would give benefit to the extraperitoneal CS with bladder reversal method which was performed under direct visualization and could avoid injury of bladder.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[The relationship between fetal fibronectin, bacteria vaginosis and chorioammionitis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship of fetal fibronectin (FFN), Bacteria vaginosis (BV) and chorioamnionitis. To evaluate the diagnostic value of FFN for chorioamnionitis. METHODS: FFN was measured by enzyme-labelled immunosordent assay (ELISA) in samples of carvical secretion from 60 pregnant women with BV (study group) and 45 normal pregnant women at same gestational weeks (control group). Positive test was defined as a level of (FFN) > or = 50 ng/ml. RESULTS: Positive rate of FFN in pregnant women with BV was significantly higher than that in the normal control group. Incidence of chorioamnionitis and preterm labor in FFN positive cases was significantly higher than that of FFN negative cases. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal fibronectin is an important marker for diagnosis and prediction of chorioamnionitis perterm labor and Premature rupture of membranes.

Chorioamnionitis↗