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Biomedical subjects

D Wahl

Publications and source records attributed to D Wahl.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Respiratory localizations of Launois-Bensaude symmetrical lipomatosis. Apropos of 3 cases].

The authors report 3 observations of cervico-facial lipomatosis with mediastinal localization. In the 3 cases the rather unusual localization of Launois and Bensaude's disease produced respiratory troubles which worsened a chronic respiratory insufficiency due to another cause. Once a tracheotomy had to be done because of tracheo-malacia. Another time there was a pharynged localization. This disease etiology always remains obscure, usually appearing in alcoholic addicts of about 50. Mediastinal localizations have been unfrequently described but must be searched for systematically. The evolution is chronic, without specific treatment. If there is already a chronic respiratory insufficiency in relation with a chronic obstructive bronchopneumopathy or a cardiac insufficiency, then the mediastinal localization becomes an aggravating factor.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Anuric tubular nephritis caused by rifampicin allergy].

Starting again a Rifampicin treatment gave rise to an acute renal insufficiency, reversible by hemodialysis. This incident resulted from an immunopathological conflict revealed by the presence of anti-Rifampicin antibodies. Renal needle biopsy did not show any immune deposits. The mechanism of these incidents is discussed. Authors draw attention to the necessity of avoiding discontinuous Rifampicin treatment.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1977

Diagnostic and therapeutic problems associated with hereditary deficiency of the C1 esterase inhibitor.

Six patients in a family with a history of hereditary angioedema reported swelling of the extremities and recurrent abdominal pain occurring spontaneously or after trauma. Attacks of oedema involving the airways, the greatest danger with this disorder, were present only in one case. This autosomal dominant disease is due to deficient activity of the inhibitor of the first component of complement. Low levels of C4, and absence of C1 esterase inhibitor confirm the diagnosis. Two asymptomatic cases with the appropriate biochemical abnormality are reported in this study. For short term prophylaxis of attacks (before surgery expecially), fresh frozen plasma is used, or better still, C1 esterase inhibitor. For long term prophylaxis of attacks antifibrinolytic and hormonal drugs are used: in two cases, the authors obtained good results with methyltestosterone after failure of tranexamic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Studies on pharmacokinetics and biotransformation of ipratropiumbromide in man (author's transl)].

Studies into the human pharmacokinetics of (8r)-3alpha-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-1 alphaH, 5 alphaH-tropanium-bromide- (+/-)-tropate (ipratropium bromide, Sch 1000, Atrovent) following inhalation and oral and i.v. administration are described. The substance was labelled with 14C. The plasma level (total radioactivity) recorded following oral administration was characterised by a low but broad plateau persisting for several hours. After i.v. injection rapid elimination from the plasma was observed in the first phase. The plasma level following inhalation was characterised by an initially rapid absorption and the curve subsequently resembled that following oral administration. An equi-bronchodilatory dose following inhalation produced a blood level 1000 times lower than those following oral dosing. The half-life of elimination lay between 3.2 and 3.8 h for all routes of administration. The maxima were recorded at 3 h. Cumulative renal excretion was 9.3% following oral administration, 72.1% following i.v. route and 3.2% after inhalation. 88.5% were excreted via the faeces following oral dosing, 6.3% following i.v. application and 69.4% after inhalation. Ipratropiumbromide is partly metabolised. After 4 h, the percentage of unchanged substance in relation to total activity in the urine was 24% (oral), 46% (i.v.) and 13% (inhalation). One of eight metabolites-- six in very small amounts-- was identified as N-isopropyl-methyl-nortropiumbromide.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

[Studies on the pharmacokinetics and biotransformation of ipratropium bromide in the rat and dog].

The pharmacokinetics of the bronchodilator (8r)-3alpha-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-1alphaH,5alphaH-tropanium-bromide-(+/-)-tropate (ipratropiumbromide, Sch 1000, Atrovent) were studied in the rat and the dog after administering radioactive material (14C). The blood level of Sch 1000 following oral dosing showed plateaus in both the rat and the dog over a period of 2--8 h following administration. Subsequent elimination from the blood occurs with a half-life of 7h (rat) and 10 (dog). The half-life of elimination following i.v. administration is 1.9 h (rat) and 3.4 h (dog). In the rat biliary excretion occurs to the extent of 3.2% following oral dosing and 17.7% following i.v. application. In the same species renal excretion is 5.5% following oral administration and 58% following i.v. administration. Renal excretion in the dog, on the other hand, averaged 28% following oral and 55% following i.v. dosing, respectively. On the basis of a comparison of the areas under the blood level curves and also from the renal excretion following oral and i.v. dosing, i.e. disregarding absorption by gastrointestinal tissue, absorption was calculated as being 12% in the rat and 38% in the dog. Absorption in the rat after 1--3 h was calculated at 17--35% including the gastrointestinal tissue. Four metabolites and the unchanged substance could be detected in the 8-h urine of the rat. In the urine of the dog, the percentage of unchanged substance fell from a maximum of 81% (after 1 h) to 20% (after 47 h) in terms of radioactivity in the urine.

Administration, Oral↗