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Biomedical subjects

D Wagner

Publications and source records attributed to D Wagner.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Progressive calcifying peritonitis: a new complication of CAPD? Report of two cases.

The authors report the history of two patients treated with CAPD who developed a progressive calcifying peritonitis (PCP). The symptoms include abdominal pain, impairment of bowel movements, sterile effluent dialysate and progressive development of peritoneal calcifications. The etiology of the PCP remains elusive, but dialysate with acetate, high peritonitis incidence and continuous lavage as treatment for peritonitis are suspected to play a role in its evolution.

Acetates↗
PubMed1987

[Metabolism-oriented postoperative nutritional therapy--possibilities and limits in the use of glucose and xylitol].

Carbohydrates and polyols are essential constituents of intravenous nutrition. In order to better understand the problems associated with the supply of energy sources, the physiology of enteral nutrition will be covered and compared with intravenous nutrition. This review article will deal with the metabolic actions of glucose and xylitol and derive therapeutical consequences for their intravenous use during different illnesses.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1987

Soluble serum interleukin 2 receptor levels in leprosy patients.

Soluble interleukin 2 receptors (IL-2R) in sera of leprosy patients from Chiang Mai, Thailand, were quantified with a solid phase enzyme immunoassay using two monoclonal antibodies to the IL-2R. The IL-2R levels of untreated lepromatous, borderline lepromatous or midborderline patients and treated lepromatous and borderline lepromatous or treated borderline tuberculoid and tuberculoid patients were comparable to those of the Thai household or nonhousehold contacts; and they were significantly higher than the levels of USA control subjects. In contrast, IL-2R of untreated tuberculoid or borderline tuberculoid patients were significantly reduced. Patients with ongoing reversal reaction had very high circulating IL-2R, the levels of which correlated with fever and extent of skin lesions. Although erythema nodosum leprosum patients also had elevated IL-2R levels, they were significantly below those of patients with reversal reaction. When treated with corticosteroid, precipitous reduction of IL-2R was noted in all patients with reversal reaction but not in patients with erythema nodosum leprosum.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1986

1% permethrin cream rinse vs 1% lindane shampoo in treating pediculosis capitis.

The therapeutic efficacy and tolerance of a single application of 1% permethrin cream rinse, applied for ten minutes, and a single application of 1% lindane shampoo applied, as recommended by the manufacturer, for four minutes, against the head louse Pediculus humanus var capitis were compared in a single-blinded, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Of 573 patients enrolled at eight centers, 559 were assessable for tolerance and 508 for efficacy. Of the 257 patients treated with 1% permethrin cream rinse, 99% were lice free at 14 days; of the 251 patients treated with 1% lindane shampoo, 85% were lice free at 14 days. The difference is statistically significant. For both treatments, adverse experiences were infrequent, mild, and usually difficult to distinguish from the symptoms of head lice infestation. A single ten-minute application of 1% permethrin cream rinse was well tolerated, highly effective, and therapeutically superior to a single four-minute application of 1% lindane shampoo.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1986

On the correlation between the failure of vascular grafts and their structural and material properties: a critical analysis.

A statistical investigation of reported vascular graft failures over a period of 30 years is undertaken. The most important causes of graft failure are underlined, as well as the time to failure and relative frequency of each failure mechanism. This brings out the need for a critical review of the properties of basic textile structures used in today's vascular prosthetic grafts. The physiologic and structural factors which contribute to mechanical failure of arteries and artery/implant composite systems are analyzed. The importance of obtaining the complete set of time-dependent elastic constants of the artery--which is viewed as an anisotropic material--is pointed out. Future research areas important for characterizing the mechanical behavior of artery/implant systems are suggested, with the aim of establishing rational standards for prosthesis evaluation.

Arteries↗
PubMed1986

Pastoral care in home health: key issues.

Many patients discharged from the hospital undergo months and even years of isolation from pastoral support. Parish pastoral ministries for discharged patients often are inadequate, and most sick persons, especially the elderly, are reluctant to contact their pastor for support while homebound. Thus the need for pastoral services in home health care is urgent. But the problems of patients and care givers in home health differ in many ways from problems in the hospital or the long-term care facility. Distinctive strategies must be developed for addressing key issues.

Home Care Services↗
PubMed1985

[Sexual transmissibility of papillomaviruses].

Papillomavirus infections in the genitoanal region are detectable by the demonstration of type-specific HPVDNA (DNA-DNA hybridization, in situ hybridization on cell smears) or by a peroxidase-antiperoxidase assay using formalin-fixed paraffin sections for demonstration of common structural antigens of papillomaviruses. Using these methods an epidemiological study on sexual partners with genitoanal papillomavirus infections has been initiated.

Bowen's Disease↗
PubMed1985

Abnormal phenylalanine hydroxylation and tyrosine oxidation in a patient with acute fulminant liver disease with correction by liver transplantation.

Phenylalanine hydroxylation, tyrosine oxidation, and plasma appearance of phenylalanine and tyrosine were evaluated in a 49-yr-old woman with fulminant non-A, non-B hepatitis and encephalopathy using a continuous intravenous infusion of L-[ring-D5]phenylalanine and L-[U-14C]tyrosine. Despite marked elevations in plasma phenylalanine and tyrosine appearance and normal apparent albumin synthetic rates, phenylalanine clearance and hydroxylation to tyrosine were only 12% and 60%, respectively, of values observed in individuals with normal liver function. Three days after orthotopic liver transplantation, plasma phenylalanine and tyrosine appearances were not markedly changed. Phenylalanine clearance and conversion to tyrosine, however, were restored to normal. In addition, tyrosine oxidation and apparent albumin synthesis were increased. This case report represents the first in vivo demonstration of a selective diminution of enzyme function in an individual with fulminant liver disease. Liver replacement restored aromatic amino acid degradative capacity and increased albumin synthesis.

Female↗
PubMed1985

[Detection of various papilloma virus types in cytologic smears of precancerous conditions and cancers of the uterine cervix].

DNA-in situ hybridisation on epithelial cells taken from cervical swabs of 101 different patients cytologically diagnosed as III D to V (Munich classification 1975) were performed using 32P-labelled DNA of the human papilloma virus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16 and 18 as smears. The following correlations between the cytological classification and DNA hybridisation were obtained: 55 out of 58 women (94.8%) having a normal Pap smear (Pap II) were negative by hybridisation as well, three cases contained HPV 6 or 11.59.3% of patients revealing abnormalities characteristic of a papillomavirus infection reacted with the 32P-labelled DNA, while HPV 6/11 or 16/18, respectively, occurred at approximately the same rate of frequency. In cases with severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ or invasive cervical carcinoma (IVa, IVb, V) HPV 16 or 18 were more frequently found (67%) than in materials with mild dysplasia (IIID; 32% positive). HPV 6 or 11, on the other hand, was present only once in nine IVb/V-cases (11%), in 17% of IVa-cases, but in 32% of patients with mild dysplasia. Infections with all different virus types were found in 9% of the IVa-und 16% of the IIID-cases. The high prevalence of HPV 16 or 18 in CIS as well as in invasive carcinomas is in line with the biological correlation between both types of lesions. HPV 6 or 11 is more frequently associated with the usually reversible mild dysplastic epithelial alterations. The DNA-in situ swab hybridisation should, therefore, be of diagnostic value and might help to optimise the therapy for the individual patient.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Diagnoses of skin disease: dermatologists vs. nondermatologists.

Health care professionals (medical students, practicing physician's assistants, and residents in the specialties of internal medicine, surgery, and dermatology) were evaluated for their ability to diagnose malignant and benign skin disease. It was found that dermatology residents did significantly better in the diagnosis of malignant and benign skin disease than all other groups, and there was no significant difference among medical students, physician's assistants, and residents in internal medicine or surgery. Findings suggest that the current ability of nondermatologists to correctly diagnose malignant and benign skin disease is not at a comparable level to that of dermatologists and that a 1-month training period in the specialty of clinical dermatology during the primary care residency training period may be inadequate for training nondermatologists to distinguish malignant from benign skin disease. In some specialty areas, such as dermatology, specialization may be preferable to a primary care approach for initially evaluating skin disease.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1985

[Bowenoid papulosis and carcinoma in situ of the cervix uteri in sex partners. An example of the transmissibility of HPV-16 infection].

The development of bowenoid papules in a 20-year-old man and a carcinoma in situ of the portio uteri of the 22-year-old female sexual partner is reported. In both lesions HPV-16 DNA could be detected by molecular biological means. This observation led us to the conclusion that HPV 16 had been transmitted sexually. The same seems to be true for HPV-11-induced condylomata acuminata, which appeared on the external genitalia of both patients after recuperation from the HPV-16-induced lesions and conisation treatment. The clinical significance of this observation and its consequences for dermatologists and gynecologists are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Antibiotic prophylaxis in high-risk biliary operations: multicenter trial of single preoperative ceftriaxone versus multidose cefazolin.

A prospective, double-blind trial of a single preoperative dose of ceftriaxone, a new long-acting cephalosporin, versus one preoperative and three postoperative doses of cefazolin was carried out in 81 patients at high risk of infection after biliary surgery. Indications for antibiotic prophylaxis included recent or ongoing cholecystitis (52 patients), common duct stones (14 patients), common duct obstruction (3 patients), and age greater than 70 years (22 patients). Intraoperative bile cultures were positive in 7 of 41 patients (17.1 percent) given ceftriaxone and 12 of 40 patients (30 percent) given cefazolin, but there were no wound infections in either group. Neither regimen was associated with significant antibiotic resistance. Side effects, such as proteinuria and elevated liver transaminases and alkaline phosphatase levels, were transient and not definitely related to the antibiotics. We conclude that a single preoperative dose of ceftriaxone is as effective as multiple perioperative doses of cefazolin in the prophylaxis of infection associated with biliary tract surgery.

Adolescent↗