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Biomedical subjects

D Vanel

Publications and source records attributed to D Vanel.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Radiological study of two disseminated malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas affecting only the bones in children.

Malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a neoplastic proliferation of lymphoid cells whose clinical manifestations are extremely variable. All tissues can be affected. There may be localization in lymphoid organs (Waldeyer's ring, spleen, digestive tract), other localizations (lungs, pleura, liver, bone marrow, central nervous system), and unusual localizations. Although bone marrow is often affected, bone involvement is very rare in the early stages of the disease. This report concerns the radiological study of two disseminated malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas affecting only the bone in children.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography in the evaluation of 41 cases of Ewing's sarcoma.

Computed tomography (CT) has already proved extremely effective both in cerebral and abdominal pathology. Several recent publications describing first heterogeneous series [1, 2, 7, 11-17], then studies of a single type of lesion [3-6, 8] have illustrated its usefulness in the study of bone lesions. This report deals with 41 cases of Ewing's sarcoma studied by CT at the Institut Gustave Roussy from October 1977 to July 1981, and tries to show both the limitations and indications of this technique for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of Ewing's sarcoma as well as in the diagnosis of any eventual recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Primary mammary cytosteatonecrosis : radiological, clinical, and pathological features in 29 cases (author's transl)].

The authors report 29 cases of primary mammary cytosteatonecrosis. Diagnosis can be difficult when clinical and radiological signs suggest a cancer, and this was the case in about half of these cases. Radiological signs suggest the diagnosis in only 10 p. cent of cases, even though the evocative signs (clear images surrounded by a border of condensation) are usually associated with suspicious shin lesions, and require histological verification. Even though lesions that are limited in extent when examined clinically and radiologically may be a cancer, the inverse position, though very much less frequent, can also apply, and a very suggestive lesion with spicules and skin retraction may be benign. Histological examination before any minor surgery is always essential.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[The use of the CT-scan in the staging of neuroblastoma in childhood (author's transl)].

Thirty seven children with neuroblastoma were investigated by CT-scan. Twenty three of them underwent surgery allowing anatomical correlation. CT-scan was of little diagnostic help but proved very helpful in assessing the extent of the tumor: CT-scan and surgery were in agreement in 73% of the operated cases. CT is therefore an accurate means of predicting the operability of neuroblastoma.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Malignant histiocytosis in childhood: clinical study and therapeutic results in 22 cases.

Twenty-two children with malignant histiocytosis ranging in age from 2 to 13 1/2 years are described. In 10 cases, the correct diagnosis was only made retrospectively. The most salient pathologic features were found in lymph node biopsy specimens. Fever and wasting were the most prominent symptoms in 21 cases, and abdominal pains were striking in 9. Peripheral lymphadenopathy, mostly of the cervicoaxillary type, was present in 21 patients, with marked tenderness in 14. Abnormal mediastinal and/or paraaortic lymph nodes were detected radiographically in two-thirds of the patients. Other prominent features included subcutaneous inflammatory infiltration in 12 patients and skin nodules in 8. Pleural effusions were seen in 8 children. The haematologic findings are described. Only 5 of 19 children had bonemarrow involvement. Fifteen patients died, one to 45 months from onset of their illness (median survival time, five months). Nine patients are alive with no evidence of disease 21 to 46+ months (median, 40 months) after the time of diagnosis and 8 have currently been off treatment for periods ranging from three to 29 months; they all have been treated with vincristine, prednisone, cyclophosphamide, and adriamycin and 4 have achieved remission after treatment with vinblastine, bleomycin, and CCNU or cytosine-arabinoside. It is concluded from this study that clearly delineated clinical features of malignant histiocytosis in childhood should allow more rapid determination of the proper diagnosis and should result in early treatment by means of intensive systemic combination chemotherapy, which has dramatically improved the prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Pseudotumoural fibrous dysplasia of the maxilla: radiological studies and computed tomography contribution.

Clinical, radiological, and histological problems arise relating to fibrous dysplasia of the maxilla. Clinically, 11 of our 39 cases developed so rapidly that the lesions were suspected of being malignant. The histological diagnosis may be very difficult, since any tumoural, reactive, or healing process may simulate fibrous dysplasia. As a general rule, the diagnosis is established most easily by the radiological examination. The radiologist's responsibility is important, as mistakes may have serious consequences. We report four pseudotumoural forms of maxillary sinus fibrous dysplasia. All were characterised clinically by rapid evolution, radiologically by opacity of the sinus with apparent destruction of its wall, and histologically by difficulty in establishing the diagnosis. In two cases indeed, the initial histological interpretation was an osteogenic sarcoma. Due to its excellent densitometric resolution, computed tomography provides an invaluable contribution by displaying the fibrous wall of an intact or even thickened maxillary sinus when conventional radiology has suggested a destructive process. In difficult cases of maxillary fibrous dysplasia, computed tomography should be used as a supplementary investigation to establish the correct diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Computed tomography investigation of hepatic carcinomas (author's transl)].

Computed tomography examinations, using a second generation Acta 200 FS apparatus, were conducted on 28 occasions in 25 patients with hepatic carcinoma. Before injection, the tumor is usually of low density, to a small degree in many cases, and is heterogeneous and has indefinite limits. The sensitivity of the method is 96 p. cent. A precise study of the localization of the tumor was possible in only 11 cases, and a definite diagnosis was made in 64 p. cent. The method was only moderately effective in assessing the degree of regional extension. When compared with other methods for the investigation of the liver (scintigraphy, ultrasonography, arteriography), computed tomography shows no superiority over ultrasonography which should be employed for the initial examination.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chondrosarcoma in Ollier's disease. Apropos of 2 cases and review of the literature].

Ollier's disease is a rate affliction (not more than approximately 100 cases have been reported over a 30-year period) characterized by bone dysplasia in which evolution to degenerative neoplasia has been described. Diagnosis of chondrosarcoma is delicate in these cases. It is a kind of slowly evolving low grade malignant tumor. Surgery is the primary treatment course, and can lead to remission. Prognosis, depending on the number and dimension of the lesions, their localization and metastasis prevention, is usually good, but relapses are relatively frequent: 25 to 50%. In case of relapse, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were tested but their efficacy is limited. We report here two clinical cases and discuss literature data.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aneurysmal bone cysts of the jaws: CT and MR findings.

Two cases of aneurysmal bone cyst of the jaws, one in the mandible and the other in the maxilla, are reported in young girls 7 and 15 years old. One was a primary lesion; the other was associated with fibrous dysplasia. In both cases CT and MR demonstrated characteristic fluid-fluid levels. The diagnosis was confirmed after biopsy and surgical resection of the lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clustered breast microcalcifications: evaluation by dynamic contrast-enhanced subtraction MRI.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to evaluate dynamic contrast-enhanced subtraction MRI in the diagnosis of isolated clustered calcifications of the breast. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred seventy-two patients underwent surgical biopsy for isolated clustered breast calcifications. Their mammograms showed round (n = 88) or linear/irregular (n = 84) microcalcifications. All patients had a preoperative Gd-DOTA-enhanced subtraction dynamic study. Any early contrast enhancement in the breast parenchyma concomitant with early enhancement of normal vessels was considered positive. RESULTS: Fifty-eight in situ carcinomas, 22 invasive carcinomas, and 92 benign lesions were found at histological analysis. Dynamic MR sequences showed early contrast enhancement in 76 of 80 malignant lesions (sensitivity 95%) and in 45 of 92 benign lesions (specificity 51%). Two invasive and two intraductal carcinomas did not show early contrast enhancement. Three independent observers agreed in rating early contrast enhancement in 143 of 172 lesions. CONCLUSION: Poor specificity limits the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic contrast-enhanced subtraction MRI in distinguishing benign from malignant microcalcifications on mammography.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Value of high-frequency US for preoperative assessment of skin tumors.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of high-frequency ultrasound (US) in the preoperative assessment of skin tumors. A US scanner with a 20-MHz probe was used to visualize and evaluate 70 skin lesions (38 clinically suspected melanomas and 32 suspected basilar cell carcinomas [BCCs]) before surgical resection. A US morphologic study and a Doppler analysis of vascularity were performed for each tumor. Of the 70 tumors, 62 were clearly visualized, including 19 melanomas, 12 nonmalignant nevi, and 31 BCCs. Most lesions were hypoechoic. In 13 of 19 proved melanomas, the difference between the histologic and US measurements was equal to or less than 0.2 mm. Vessels were visualized in melanomas with thicknesses greater than 3 mm. All BCCs were visualized, and in 29% of cases of BCC, tumor size at US was greater than that at clinical examination. High-frequency, high-resolution US is a simple, reliable, noninvasive method for accurate preoperative assessment of skin tumor dimensions. This technique allows surgical planning to be adapted and reexcision to be avoided. However, its role is limited in the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign skin lesions.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unusual radiologic findings in the thorax after radiation therapy.

Radiation therapy is used to treat many intrathoracic and chest wall malignancies. A variety of changes may occur after radiation therapy to the thorax. Radiation therapy produces dramatic effects in the lung. Pulmonary necrosis is an uncommon, severe, late complication of adjuvant postoperative radiation therapy. Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia is a distinct clinicopathologic entity characterized by patchy, migratory, peripheral air-space infiltrates. Radiation therapy can also cause spontaneous pneumothorax, mesothelioma, and lung cancer. In the mediastinum, radiation therapy may cause thymic cysts, calcified lymph nodes, and esophageal injuries. Cardiovascular complications of radiation therapy are often delayed and insidious. Premature coronary artery stenosis occurs after radiation therapy to the mediastinum. Radiation therapy may also give rise to calcifications of the ascending aorta, pericardial disease, valvular injuries, and conduction abnormalities. Women who undergo thoracic irradiation before the age of 30 years have a high risk of developing a second breast cancer. Radiation-induced sarcomas are an infrequent but well-recognized complication of radiation therapy. Other chest wall injuries due to radiation therapy are osteochondroma and rib or clavicle fractures. Knowledge of the imaging features of injuries caused by radiation therapy can prevent misinterpretation as recurrent tumor and may facilitate further treatment.

Bone and Bones↗