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Biomedical subjects

D Scholz

Publications and source records attributed to D Scholz.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[D-glucaric acid excretion in kidney transplant patients as an indicator of microsomal enzyme capacity].

The 24 hours excretion of D-glucaric acid in urine was determined in 53 male and 25 female renal transplant recipients to assess the microsomal enzyme activity in these patients. In male patients, the mean value of 73.1 mumoles/d (SD 43.6) as not significantly changed in comparison with healthy persons (70.9 mumol/d +/- 21.0). But the excretion of D-glucaric acid in female patients 68.3 mumoles/d +/- 37.5) was higher than in the control group (48.5 mumoles/d +/- 16.6). In comparison with the corresponding control groups, more female than male patients showed an increased and more men than women a decreased excretion of D-glucaric acid. These results indicate that changed microsomal enzyme activity and thus a changed drug metabolizing enzyme system has to be taken into account in patients after kidney transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effects of acutely infused pentagastrin and somatostatin on intestinal calcium absorption in humans.

The influence of gastrin on intestinal calcium absorption (CaA), serum/plasma insulin, glucagon, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, glucose, calcium and protein was measured in healthy adult males. Intravenous infusion of pentagastrin (PG. 6 micrograms/kg/h) resulted in a slight decrease of CaA (53.5 +/- (SEM) 5.8% of administered tracer vs. saline control 67.4 +/- 3.4, p less than 0.05). To exclude the influence of hormones like insulin, glucagon and calcitonin stimulated by PG, somatostatin was infused in additional trials. From these experiments and the infusion of synthetic human gastrin-17 (250 ng/kg/h) into 2 subjects, we conclude that acute infusion of gastrin lowers CaA in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Use of rapid electrochemical methods for detection of bacteriuria in kidney transplant patients].

A total of 1299 urine samples from kidney-transplant patients were tested for bacteriuria using the electrochemical rapid procedure. For germ counts of more than 10(5)/ml the registration rate was 97.6% after incubation for 1 hour and 100% after 2 h, providing the patients were not under the influence of antibiotics at the time of examination. Bacteria inhibitors in the urine delayed the reaction so that an incubation period of 2-3 hours was necessary. The electrochemical rapid procedure proved to be unsuitable in cases where small quantities of germs are expected to be discharged.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1982

Abnormalities in the composition of serum high density lipoprotein in renal transplant recipients.

Levels of HDL-cholesterol, HDL-triglyceride and apolipoprotein A were determined in the sera of 26 female and 44 male renal transplant recipients. In comparison with controls, no significant abnormalities in HDL-cholesterol values could be found, but apolipoprotein A and HDL-triglyceride concentrations, were increased significantly. The increased apolipoprotein A/HDL-cholesterol ratio and the decreased apolipoprotein A/HDL-triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol/HDL-triglyceride ratios in these patients demonstrate abnormalities in HDL-composition. These results permit the conclusion that, in renal transplant recipients, the levels of HDL-cholesterol and particularly the changes in HDL-composition should be taken into account when considering the reason for the high incidence of cardiovascular disease in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

On the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate stimulation of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum and erythrocytes of patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis and with kidney transplants.

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) determinations in erythrocytes of patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis and with kidney transplants showed that patients receiving vitamin B6 had a smaller relative stimulation rate of AST by pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (P-5-P). In contrast to these results in erythrocytes, the apoAST and apo-alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in serum were increased in patients as compared with those of healthy persons. The corresponding relative stimulation rates of AST and ALT by P-5-P addition to the reaction mixture were not changed in the haemodialysis patients, but in renal transplant recipients the relative stimulation rate of AST was significantly smaller and that of ALT was greater.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1981

Effects of a cation exchange resin on intestinal calcium absorption and urinary calcium in calcium stone formers.

The effect on the urinary excretion of calcium of an oral cation exchange resin without phosphorus was studied in healthy control subjects and patients with recurrent calcium lithiasis under out-patient conditions. An immediate reduction of intestinal calcium absorption and urinary calcium excretion was found in five control subjects and in one patient after ingestion of resin, whereas calcium excretion remained unchanged in all other patients during long-term treatment. In addition, signs of mild transitory hyperparathyroidism together with an increase in intestinal calcium transport were observed during treatment. It is suggested that intraluminal binding of calcium ions to the resin leads to substantial changes in calcium metabolism with the result that urinary calcium excretion returns to pre-treatment values.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Improved determination of D-glucaric acid in urine.

Using a simplex optimization procedure, we have elaborated a sensitive and reliable micromethod for determining D-glucaric acid, based on inhibition of glucuronidase activity by 1,4-D-glucarolactone, produced from D-glucaric acid by heating. The maximum attainable difference between glucuronidase activity in the reaction mixture with and without D-glucaric acid was used as an optimization criterion. From the optimization scheme, 1 mmol/L 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucuronide and pH 5.0 were found to be optimal conditions for determination of D-glucaric acid with this test. In contrast to other similar methods, in which a logarithmic calibration curve is used, we calculate D-glucaric acid with a linear calibration curve by using the Dixon (Biochem. J. 55: 170, 1953) plot. The coefficient of variation for the method (within-run and between-day precision) was from 3.1 to 5.8%. Men excrete more D-glucaric acid than do women per 24 hours, but we saw no sex-related differences in excretion of D-glucaric acid when it was expressed in terms of urinary creatinine.

Female↗
PubMed1980

[Protection of foreign DNA against host-controlled restriction in bacterial cells. II. Protection of pSF2124 plasmid by the gene function of bacteriophages T3 and T7].

When restriction-active Escherichia coli cells (R+P1m+P1) are transformed with the pSF2124 plasmid, a common vector in experimental gene transfer, the efficiency of transformation (e.o.t.) is lowered by 2 orders of magnitude compared with restriction-negative (r-P1m-P1 or r-P1m+P1) recipient cells due to restriction of the pSF2124 DNA by endoR.EcoP1. Preinfection of r+P1m+P1 cells with UV-inactivated ocr+ phages (T3, T7, T3sam-) still able to express their early genes protects the plasmid DNA against restriction by endoR.EcoP1: The e.o.t. of r+P1m+P1 recipient cells with pSF2124 attains the same high value as that of r-m- cells. The specific role of the ocr+ gene function was demonstrated by the use of ocr- mutants (T3/R7, T7/D111): Preinfection with such phage mutants does not increase the e.o.t. of r+P1m+P1 cells. An unspecific e.o.t. alteration of restriction-negative (r-m-) recipient cells by ocr+ or ocr- phages was excluded. The ocr+ gene function can be exploited to protect pSF2124 against DNA restriction. The recipient cells survive the process of phage preinfection and transformation and stably replicate themselves as well as the plasmid DNA.

DNA Restriction Enzymes↗
PubMed1980

Urolithiasis after kidney transplantation--clinical and mineralogical aspects.

Urolithiasis is a rare complication following kidney transplantation. Experience with this complication in 6 of 426 transplantations performed from 1968 to 1979 is reviewed. The clinical symptoms are different from the disease in non-transplant patients. Three major predisposing causes for the development of calculi after kidney transplantation were found in our patients--urodynamic disorders following complications of the ureterovesical anastomosis, persistent bacteriuria and renal tubular acidosis and, less importantly, the presence of hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria as a result of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Crystal-optical and x-ray-diffraction studies contributed to the interpretation of the constituents and texture of the calculi and of the aetiological factors concerned.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Fasting blood values of glucose, insulin, glucagon, gastrin following highly selective vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients.

Changes in fasting blood levels of glucose, insulin, glucagon and gastrin were determined in duodenal ulcer patients (n equal to 59) before and up to 1 year after highly selective vagotomy (HSV). There was an increase in glucose values after HSV by approximately 6 mg/dl. The rise in gastrin levels was variable depending on the maximal preoperative acid secretion during pentagastrin stimulation. Insulin values remained unchanged after HSV while there was a significant drop of glucagon levels after 1 year. There is no relationship between the extent of post-HSV gastrinemia and glucose or between the latter and glucagon. It can be assumed that HSV causes additional metabolic changes besides reducing acid production.

Adolescent↗