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Biomedical subjects

D Salmon

Publications and source records attributed to D Salmon.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

A novel heterodimeric transferrin receptor encoded by a pair of VSG expression site-associated genes in T. brucei.

In T. brucei, a transferrin-binding protein has been found to share sequence homology with pESAG-7 and -6, the products of two related genes present in the VSG gene polycistronic transcription unit. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes, they appear as N-glycosylated proteins secreted in the medium (pESAG-7) and GPI anchored to the membrane (pESAG-6). These proteins are able to homo- or heterodimerize, probably through association in the same orientation. Only heterodimers can bind Tf, possibly two molecules per dimer. A comparison of Tf binding to pESAG-7/6-expressing oocytes and trypanosomes suggests that pESAG-7/6 is the Tf receptor of the parasite. In trypanosomes, the majority of pESAG-7/6 is released from the membrane and associates, together with Tf, with a glycosylated matrix present in the lumen of the flagellar pocket. Both pESAG-7/6 and Tf are internalized via coated pits and vesicles. These observations suggest a novel mode of Tf binding and uptake in trypanosomes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

[Course of infection caused by human immunodeficiency virus].

Following contamination with HIV, the majority of patients develop AIDS after several years (65% at 12 years), although a small percentage remain asymptomatic for a long time. The clinical manifestations of HIV infection are currently classified into 4 stages: primo-infection (stage I), asymptomatic phase (stage II), persistent generalised lymphadenopathy (stage III), other manifestations (stage IV), among which the following substages are distinguished: systemic signs (IVA), HIV-specific neurological signs (IVB), opportunistic or minor infections (IVA), HIV-specific neurological signs (IVB), opportunistic or minor infections (IVC), cancers (IVD) and other manifestations (IVE). The principal manifestations of AIDS appear when the CD4 count falls to below 200/mm3 and consist of opportunistic infections, primarily oesophageal candidiasis, pneumocystosis and toxoplasmosis. The management of patients with a combination of prophylaxis against opportunistic infections and antiviral treatment has significantly delayed the onset of AIDS, but has had little effect on the course of AIDS, which remains about 18 months.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1993

Long-term results of monthly inhaled pentamidine as primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-infected patients.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of inhaled pentamidine as primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). PATIENTS: Two hundred thirty-two HIV-infected patients with a CD4 cell count below 20% of the total lymphocyte count were given aerosolized pentamidine once every 4 weeks for more than 3 months. Pentamidine aerosols were administered at the hospital under medical supervision. Prevention of bronchospasm was carried out using inhaled salbutamol. RESULTS: Mean duration of prophylaxis was 15.9 months. Eleven patients (4.7%; [95% confidence interval 2% to 7.4%]) developed PCP. Probability to remain free of PCP is 95.6% at 12 months, 94% at 18 months, and 88% at 24 months. Mean delay between the onset of the prophylaxis and the occurrence of PCP for the 11 patients was 12.9 months (range: 4 to 26 months). No major side effect was observed, and minor side effects (cough, acute dyspnea) were infrequent. CONCLUSION: The efficacy and tolerance of aerosolized pentamidine as shown in our study support its use as primary prophylaxis against P. carinii in HIV-infected patients.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1993

[HIV infection in intravenous drug addicts].

Clinical course of HIV infection was studied among 156 intravenous drug users (IVDU). Mean follow up was 22.7 months. Characteristics of HIV infection in IVDU were frequent oral candidiasis and bacterial infections (BI), more frequent progression to AIDS after a second BI, rapid decline of CD4+ in a group of current IVDU. Progression to AIDS was 14.5% per year, not different among current and former IVDU. Twenty five IVDU died.

HIV Infections↗
PubMed1993

Music and emotion in palliative care.

Music and emotion may share certain essential characteristics allowing the depth and breadth of music to resonate with that of emotional experience. It is perhaps this resonance which facilitates the experience, expression and working-through of feelings in music therapy work with the the terminally ill. The author explores five characteristics common to both music and emotion using clinical examples to illustrate how these might be at play in music therapy work in the palliative care setting.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Frequency of bronchopulmonary isolation of Aspergillus species in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: pathogenic role?].

Prevalence of aspergillosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is unknown. Mycologic findings in bronchopulmonary specimens from 614 HIV-positive patients sent to a parasitology laboratory between June 1, 1989 and May 31, 1991 were analyzed retrospectively; medical records of Aspergillus sp--positive patients were studied to evaluate the potential pathogenic role of this organism. Prevalence of Aspergillus sp. was 2.7% in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens, (21/757), 15.1% in sputum specimens (3/53), 12.6% in bronchial aspirates (11/87), 7% in protected brush specimens (2/28), and 16.6% in lung biopsy specimens (4/24). A total of 20 patients (rate = 3.14%) had lung specimens positive for Aspergillus sp. (A. fumigatus 95% and A. niger 5%). Among them, 66% had a single positive specimen (14.3% with a positive smear) and 33% had several positive specimens (mean 4.9 +/- 3.3). Four patients (20%) with a more than 20-month history of AIDS and less than 36 CD4+ cells per microliter had documented pulmonary aspergillosis; three of these patients also had a current or past history of pulmonary mycobacterial infection. Rate of recovery of Aspergillus sp. in LAB specimens was low. The other specimens were harvested because of clinically suggestive manifestations. However, in 20% of patients with positive specimens. A. fumigatus was the cause of patent infection; these patients had severe AIDS-related immunodeficiency.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

[DNA polymorphism in a Brazilian population: relationship to allele frequencies in France].

The allele frequency distribution of two highly polymorphic DNA sequences was determined in a population from the metropolitan area of Fortaleza (Northeast Brazil). DNAs from 234 individuals were digested with Pvull and successively hybridized to each probe: alpha-Globin 3'HVR and Mucin HVR. The resulting allele frequencies were compared to those observed in a French population. There is no statistically significant difference between these populations in the 3'HVR system. On the contrary, the distribution is statistically different in the Mucin HVR/Pvull system.

Alleles↗