Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Robert

Publications and source records attributed to D Robert.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[The diagnostic value of non-fiber-optic broncho-alveolar lavage in pneumopathies and mechanical ventilation].

73 patients on artificial ventilation and presenting with localised or diffuse consolidation had broncho-alveolar lavage (LBA), in search for a causative organism, in a prospective fashion. LBA was done using a supple balloon catheter (LBA-c) which was placed blind down the intubation tube, until a distal bronchus was blocked (under radiographic control). The mean number of organisms found was 1.56 +/- 1.2. LBA-c alone provided a diagnosis in 31 cases (42%) and in association with blood cultures in 14 cases (19%). In 11 cases (15%) the consolidation was not caused by infection. In 14 cases (19%) the diagnosis was made by serology or blood cultures alone. Finally in 8 cases (11%) no diagnosis could be made. Thus LBA-c achieved an etiological diagnosis for the pneumonia in 45 cases (54.8%) and remained negative in non-infectious cases. The good tolerance of the technique as regards blood gases, its simplicity of operation (without a fibrescope) and its diagnostic reproducibility make LBA-c an option in the diagnosis of pneumonias on artificial ventilation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Acute respiratory distress syndrome in chickenpox in 3 healthy adults].

Three adults previously in good health developed pulmonary oedema during chickenpox. Severe hypoxemia required mechanical ventilation. All patients recovered without extensive pulmonary sequela on the first month pulmonary functional test. The severity of adult chickenpox requires hospitalization for treatment with Acyclovir.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

[Acute parathion poisoning. Value of repeated determination of plasma pseudocholinesterases].

A case is reported of acute massive overdose with parathion in a 48 year old male farmer. Despite an adapted and early treatment, the clinical course was unusually prolonged. The need for repeat titration of plasma pseudocholinesterases, as the best indicator of overdose, is stressed. Recovery without after-effects coincided with the return to normal plasma levels of pseudocholinesterases.

Atropine↗
PubMed1986

[Adult-type respiratory distress syndrome in pediatrics. Apropos of 20 cases].

Twenty cases of adult-type respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) observed in children aged less than 15 years (excluding neonates) are reported; 55% survived and 45% died. A comparative study of both groups showed that prognosis is not related to the child's condition at the time of admission. On the contrary, evolution during the first 72 hours seems to be of prime importance. Treatment included artificial ventilation with PEEP, the optimal level of which was defined by empirical means; maximal PEEP reached 13.2 +/- 4.7 cmH2O and 20.3 +/- 4 cmH2O in the surviving and the deceased groups, respectively. Maintenance to a steady level was reached by using cuffed endotracheal tubes. No correlation was found between maximal PEEP levels and pneumothorax frequency, the latter being identical in both groups. Cardiac catheterization, performed in 5 cases, was helpful in defining adequate additional therapy which improved hematosis and, when done early, appeared to favorably influence the prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Treatment of moderate or severe infections using imipenem/cilastatin. 41 cases based on a multicenter protocol].

Imipenem and cilastatin in combination have a broad spectrum in vitro with a strong killing activity on most bacteria. Using a multicenter study design, we investigated 41 patients with moderate or severe infections: septicemia in 18 cases (Gram negative rods in 10, Gram positive cocci in 7 and combination of both in 1), pneumonia in 7, osteitis in 4, soft tissue infection in 7, infection of the genitourinary tract in 6 and miscellaneous infections in the remaining cases (1 abscess of the pancreas, 1 typhoid fever, 1 presumptive endocarditis). All of the bacteria were susceptible to imipenem/cilastatin: MICs ranged from 0.02 to 0.8 mg/l and MBCs from 0.015 to more than 10 mg/l. All patients except one recovered or improved under imipenem/cilastatin. The patient who failed to respond had septicemia due to a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a MBC and MIC above 10 and 0.5 mg/l respectively. Tolerance was outstanding: only 4 patients had adverse effects requiring withdrawal of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Spontaneous abortion and occupation.

Occupational factors in spontaneous abortion were studied in the current and previous pregnancies of 56,012 women interviewed in 11 Montreal maternity departments, 1982 to 1984. Ratios of observed to expected abortions (RR), after allowance for nonoccupational confounders, were significantly increased (P less than .05) among nursing assistants and attendants (RR 1.24 in current and 1.13 in previous pregnancies), food and beverage servers (RR 1.31 in current and 1.11 in previous pregnancies) and sales persons (RR 1.18 in current and 1.12 in previous pregnancies). Women whose work entailed heavy lifting, other physical effort, long hours, exposure to noise, and exposure to cold had also significantly increased risk ratios. However, when occupational groups were ranked according to work demands, thus avoiding potential bias from prior knowledge of outcome, increased risks were associated consistently only with heavy lifting and other physical effort.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1985

Hypercalciuria during experimental vitamin K deficiency in the rat.

Vitamin K promotes the formation of gamma-carboxylated glutamate (GLA) in several protein species. GLA residues have a high affinity for the Ca ion. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that experimental vitamin K deficiency in rats could induce changes in Ca metabolism. Vitamin K depletion, which was associated with a reduction in urinary GLA excretion, induced within 7 days a significant increase in cumulative urinary Ca excretion that persisted throughout the 21 days of study. The hypercalciuria of vitamin K-deficient rats was corrected on vitamin K supplementation. No concomitant changes were observed in intestinal Ca absorption determined by a balance technic or of skeletal resorption and apposition rates determined by bone histomorphometry. Plasma Ca, but not total protein concentration, of vitamin k-depleted rats showed a transient decrease at day 15 that disappeared at day 21. plasma sodium, phosphate and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D concentration, and urinary phosphate, sodium, and creatinine excretion remained unchanged. In conclusion, vitamin k deficiency in the rat induced hypercalciuria that could be of renal origin. Its possible relationship to vitamin K-dependent renal GLA protein remains to be clarified.

1-Carboxyglutamic Acid↗