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Biomedical subjects

D Reynolds

Publications and source records attributed to D Reynolds.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

A system for the three-dimensional construction, manipulation and display of microbiological models.

A system is described for building up serial sections into a three dimensional structure, incorporating density, that can be displayed and then further manipulated by rotation about three orthogonal axes. The initial application was to produce a computer model of a protein structure and to compare the diverse images obtained from rotation with the two dimensional images observed in related electron micrographs. To obtain sufficient contrast in the electron microscope images of protein structures, the specimens need to be stained and since this can cause some deformation of the observed images, it is also necessary to simulate ths possible effects of stain on the protein model. Because of the need to compare numerous orientations of the combined model, techniques are available either for speeding up the comparison or for obtaining better accuracy. The methods have been applied to the interpretation of electron micrograph images of microbiological specimens, where the three dimensional structure of the specimen is an important aid in understanding its biological function, but the techniques are also applicable to more general serial reconstruction requirements.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1979

Hypocholesterolemic action of dietary fiber unrelated to fecal bulking effect.

Twenty-two healthy volunteers took approximately 20 g/day of concentrated dietary fiber from either carrot, cabbage, apple, bran, or guar gum or 31 g from pectin, added for 3-week periods to controlled diets. Total serum cholesterol fell by 13% on both guar and pectin (P less than 0.01) with no significant change in high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Over the 3-week supplementation period, the other fibers were without effect with the exception of carrot, where both control and test high density lipoprotein levels fell (P less than 0.05 and less than 0.01, respectively). If, however, the 3rd week of the control was compared with the 3rd test week, the values for total cholesterol were 7% lower after apple (P less than 0.02) while after carrot the high density lipoprotein cholesterol level was 10% lower than the control (P less than 0.01). No significant change was seen in serum triglyceride or body weight either as judged by differences over the 3-week periods or by comparing test and control values at 3 weeks. Comparison of stool weights obtained in this study indicate that the fecal bulking action of dietary fiber is independent of its hypocholesterolaemic effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Generation of virus-specific cytolytic activity in human peripheral lymphocytes after vaccination with vaccinia virus and measles virus.

Human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) harvested after vaccination with vaccinia or measles virus showed a specific activity against virus-infected target cells. This activity peaked on day 7 and was specific for the target cells infected with the virus used for the vaccination. The cytotoxic activity was not related to HLA markers. The cells involved in the cytolytic process were lymphocytes bearing Fc receptors. In addition, the cytotoxic activity was abrogated by more than 90% by rabbit Fab'2 anti-human IgG. It is therefore likely that two subpopulations of lymphocytes are involved: an antibody-secreting cell providing specific antiviral antibody and an effector cell bearing Fc receptor (K cells). Finally, these experiments suggest that antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity may play a major role in the recovery from virus infection in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Epidermal abnormalities in Refsum's disease.

A female patient with severe Refsum's disease is described. She had striking ichthyosis and detailed investigations into the structure of the epidermis were performed. Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed lipid-containing vacuoles in the epidermis. Scanning electron microscopy of the stratum corneum showed disruption and the presence of microvilli on individual horn cells consistent with a high output state of epidermal cell production.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Influence of Cholografin and Renografin 76 on platelet function.

Cholografin and Renografin 76 were studied to determine their effects on platelet function. In vitro platelet aggregation was significantly inhibited by at least 3.4 micron/ml Cholografin and 19.5 micron/ml Renografin 76. Patients who received Cholografin for intravenous cholangiography, and Renografin 76 for non-cardiac angiography, had low levels of plasma contrast agent, and hemostasis was clinically unimpaired. Patients who received Renografin 76 for cardiac angiography had inhibition of platelet aggregation at high levels of plasma contrast agent; there was no correlation with prolonged bleeding times, or with bleeding complications. High levels of plasma contrast agent may inhibit platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo, although this may not be associated with clinically significant bleeding.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1975

Cervical cytomegalovirus excretion in pregnant and nonpregnant women: suppression in early gestation.

Comparison of 659 pregnant and 202 nonpregnant women with similar demographic characteristics showed overall rates of cervical cytomegalovirus excretion that were identical (9.5% vs. 9.4%) and were surprisingly high, especially since 89% of the pregnant group possessed antibody to cytomegalovirus when admitted to the study. Prevalence of cytomegalovirus among gravidas was significantly lower during the first (1.6%) than during the third (11.3%) trimester. Thus, early pregnancy appeared to exert a suppressive effect on viral excretion that waned with advancing gestation. A similar but less significant occurrence was observed in the two groups with respect to viuria. Increasing age also appeared to suppress the virologic expression of cervical and urinary tract infection, whereas multiparity seemingly produced such an effect only in the cervix. Among both cervical and urinary excreters, a few shed virus thoughout pregnancy, and others shed virus intermittently; however, viral shedding most commonly began in late gestation and frequently continued into the postpartum period. Primary infection was not documented, and antibody status remained unchanged with the advent of viral excretion in most cases. Thus, reactivation of endogenous virus seems the most likely explanation for viral shedding in our population. Similar rates of isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in excreters and nonexcreters further argue against the other major possibility, venereal reinfection.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1975

The effectiveness of a synthetic vasopressin analogue as a vasoconstrictor.

The effectiveness of a synthetis vassopressin analogue, ornithine-8-vasopressin (POR-8), as a vasocontrictor was tested in the superficial vessels of the rabbit ear. When compared to a control of normal saline and a standard of a dilute solution of epinephrine in lidocaine, POR-8 in saline is more effective than POR-8 in lidocaine, and is comparable in its effectiveness to the epinephrine solution.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary care for women. Comprehensive assessment of the head and neck.

This article reviews the pertinent anatomy of each body system involved in the assessment of the head and neck (including the eyes, ears, nose, and throat) and describes the basic elements of the comprehensive health assessment. Frequently encountered chief complaints are discussed. Aspects of the health assessment that will assist the primary care provider in making a differential diagnosis and determining the need for referral are presented. This article is the first of two articles on this topic; the subsequent article will address primary care management of common conditions of the head and neck.

Eye Diseases↗