Osseous involvement in sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease).
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Bone Diseases↗
Biomedical subjects
D Resnick
Publications and source records attributed to D Resnick.
Fatigue fracture of the distal part of the radius in a pool player.
A stress fracture of the radius occurred in a 22-year-old pool player who was well known for his unique style of putting 'English' on the billiard ball. Typical radiographic findings were seen, and the fracture subsequently healed. Only a few cases of stress fracture of the radius have been previously reported.
Adult↗
Three-dimensional computed tomographic analysis of the normal temporomandibular joint.
Ten temporomandibular joints, obtained from three asymptomatic patients and two cadavers, were examined by three-dimensional computed tomography. The osseous components of the condylar process of the mandible and the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone were well visualized. The meniscus was visualized in both the closed- and the open-mouthed positions. Advantages and disadvantages of the technique are discussed.
Cartilage, Articular↗
Effects of long-term dietary manganese and copper deficiency on rat skeleton.
Experiments were designed to produce biochemical changes in both serum and bone in rats by long-term dietary deficiencies of manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu). Weanling rats were fed one of three diets: 1) normal Mn and Cu (N), 2) low Mn and Cu (L) and 3) depleted Mn and normal Cu (D). After 12 mo, serum Ca and P were significantly greater in the D rats than the N rats (134, 50 mg/L and 103, 39 mg/L, respectively). Serum and femur Mn levels were lower in D rats than in normal rats. Serum and femur Cu levels were lower in L rats than N rats. Femur Ca concentrations were significantly lower in D rats than in N rats (180 and 272 mg/g, respectively). Radiographic differences could be detected in some rats fed the L and D diets. In the two deficient groups, increased serum Ca was negatively correlated with bone Ca (r = -0.69; P less than 0.01). This biochemical association may represent alterations in regulatory control of Ca at the level of the bone (decreased mineralization) combined with an increase in bone resorption. The effect of long-term dietary deficiencies in Mn and Cu should be considered in human bone metabolism.
Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
False-negative bone image with radiographically evident osteoblastic lesions in prostatic carcinoma.
A unique case of documented prostatic carcinoma with radiographically evident osteoblastic lesions and a false-negative bone image is presented.
Aged↗
Perfluoroctylbromide as a contrast agent for computed tomographic imaging of septic and aseptic arthritis.
Perfluoroctylbromide (PFOB), a perfluorocarbon macrophage-labeling contrast agent, was applied to computed tomographic imaging of septic and aseptic arthritis models in rabbits. Marked enhancement of induced pyarthrosis was observed in both the knee and the sacroiliac joint. Moderate enhancement was noted in tetracycline-induced synovitis of the knee. Sterile synovitis of the sacroiliac joint and simple knee joint effusion showed no enhancement. These results suggest that PFOB is a useful contrast medium for the diagnosis of and distinction between septic and sterile arthritis.
Animals↗
Coralline hydroxyapatite bone-graft substitutes in a canine metaphyseal defect model. Radiographic-histometric correlation.
Radiographic and histometric evaluation of a new form of bone-graft substitute derived from reef-building sea coral was performed in a canine metaphyseal defect model. Blocks of this material were implanted into the proximal tibial metaphyses of eight dogs, with radiographic densitometry and harvesting performed at two, four, six, and 12 months. Histometric analysis demonstrated progressive apposition of host compact bone at the margins and trabecular bone at the interior of the implants with time following surgery. Corrected transmission density determinations correlated significantly with degree of osseous ingrowth (R = -0.78), void volume fraction (R = 0.88), and postoperative interval (R = 0.88). These results support the successful early application of coralline hydroxyapatite bone-graft substitutes as an alternative to autogenous grafting in the clinical setting, and indicate that the course of incorporation into host bone can be noninvasively monitored using densitometric techniques.
Absorptiometry, Photon↗
Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis: a review and report of 11 cases.
Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis is a benign ossifying diathesis of unknown etiology characterized by hyperostosis and soft-tissue ossification between the clavicles, anterior portion of the upper ribs, and manubrium, with variable hyperostosis or ankylosis in the spine and sacroiliac joints. Our cumulative experience with 11 cases is reported, with emphasis on radiographic features of the condition. Scintigraphic results in five patients and computed tomographic findings in one patient are presented. A review of the literature and our own material indicates that sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis may be more common than has been previously recognized.
Adult↗
Stress-induced osteolysis of the clavicle.
Osteolysis in the distal clavicle--manifested radiographically by erosions, resorption of the subchondral cortical bone, and an increased space between the acromion and clavicle--may occur in patients who experience repeated stress or microtrauma to the shoulder. This entity has a radiographic appearance similar to posttraumatic osteolysis of the clavicle. One patient with painful shoulders and typical osteolytic changes of the clavicles on radiographs is described, with three other cases reported.
Adult↗
Bone reinforcement lines in chronic adult osteopenia: a hypothesis.
Although linear bands of increased radiodensity have been described in the tubular bones of children, similar but less often reported structures are frequent in the osteopenic skeleton of middle-aged and elderly patients. In this study, the radiology, pathology, and histology of osseous bands in the mature skeleton were analyzed in 20 cadavers, 29 macerated ancient and modern bone specimens, and 100 recent radiographs. These radiodense areas represent complete or incomplete, horizontally or obliquely oriented bars composed of compact lamellar bone. Although their precise pathogenesis is not clear, they are associated with long-standing (vs. acute) osteopenia. In some instances, bone bars appear to be formed during skeletal growth, remain hidden in the adult because of adjacent trabeculae, and are unmasked by osseous resorption. In other instances, bone bars appear to be formed initially in the mature skeleton as a response to chronic mechanical stress and, as such, are not identical with growth recovery lines observed in children. They are more accurately considered bone reinforcement lines.
Adult↗
Coralline hydroxyapatite bone graft substitutes: preliminary report of radiographic evaluation.
A new bone graft substitute made by conversion of the calcium carbonate exoskeleton of reef-building sea coral into hydroxyapatite has recently become clinically available. The normal radiographic appearance of two forms of this material is described. In the immediate postoperative period, the exoskeletal architecture of these implants is readily appreciated. With graft incorporation over the ensuing months, their intrinsic structure is gradually lost in association with poor marginal definition. Evolving radiographic findings reflect the biocompatible nature of these implants, which provides the potential for ingrowth of native bone with preservation of the coralline scaffold, resulting in enhanced biomechanical properties.
Adolescent↗
Vertebral-body collapse in focal and diffuse disease: patterns of pathologic processes.
The radiographic patterns of vertebral-body collapse and/or endplate deformity were examined in 99 autopsy specimens of the thoracolumbar spine with benign and malignant disease. Angling of endplates was found to be highly predictive of underlying malignancy, whereas concavity was more suggestive of benign disease, for both individual vertebral bodies and intact spines (P less than .001). Diffuse-concave, diffuse-angled, and focal-angled patterns were more useful (P less than .001) than the focal-concave pattern (P = .07) in distinguishing between benign and malignant disease for superior endplates, whereas all were equally useful (P less than .025) in inferior endplates. Condition of the adjacent disks, location within the spine, and position of the apex of collapse were not predictive. Although these results and subsequent blinded testing suggest that reliable distinction between benign and malignant vertebral collapse is possible, extrapolation to clinical practice may be inappropriate because of population bias in the study and differences in radiographic quality between autopsy specimens and live subjects.
Adult↗
Trabecular bone density in the proximal femur: quantitative CT assessment. Work in progress.
A new technique has been developed for quantitative assessment of trabecular bone content in the proximal femur using computed tomography (CT). The method employs the same contoured calibration phantom currently used for vertebral mineral studies and can be performed on any standard body scanner. Both femurs are evaluated simultaneously, and an integral approach to mean density determinations compensates for the complex geometry and trabecular architecture of the region. Specimen studies have documented acceptable reproducibility, and radiation dose and examination time are comparable to those of quantitative CT in the spine. Greater inherent accuracy has been achieved more rapidly through the addition of three-dimensional histogram analysis using a free-standing CT data processor. High correlation with vertebral trabecular bone content has been documented in the limited number of patients studied to date. Widespread availability of the technique and the high frequency of fractures related to metabolic bone disease in the proximal femur render the method a potentially valuable contribution to noninvasive bone densitometry.
Absorptiometry, Photon↗
Intraosseous and intradiscal gas in association with spinal infection: report of three cases.
The detection of a vacuum phenomenon within the intervertebral disk usually confirms the diagnosis of degenerative disease rather than an infective process. A similar phenomenon in the vertebral body generally indicates ischemic necrosis. However, spinal infection may rarely be accompanied by intradiscal or intraosseous gas so that the latter finding does not entirely exclude the possibility of infection. Three cases are reported to illustrate gas formation in association with vertebral infection.
Escherichia coli Infections↗
Perspective: three-dimensional imaging of the musculoskeletal system.
An evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders in 202 patients using three-dimensional CT displays has revealed the usefulness of the technique, especially in patients with fractures of skeletal areas with complex anatomy, articular disorders of the hip, and spinal stenosis. In some cases, plastic models of diseased areas have been created from the CT data and are reasonably accurate, providing a graphic representation of the disease and the ability to perform rehearsal surgery. A preliminary investigation of three-dimensional displays of MR images indicates that the technique is feasible, although its clinical practicality requires further analysis.
Fractures, Bone↗
Intraosseous glomus tumor: report of a case and review of the literature.
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Aged↗
Densitometric screening for osteoporosis: a radiologist's perspective.
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Absorptiometry, Photon↗
Hand radiographic changes in patients with primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome.
Unselected hand radiographs from 37 primary Sjögren's syndrome patients (pSS), 19 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Sjögren's syndrome (secondary SS) and 29 patients with RA only were evaluated blind by osteoradiologists, using reference radiographs for scoring joint space narrowing and erosion at the proximal interphalangeal joints, the metacarpophalangeal joints and the wrists. A history of arthralgias and/or arthritis of the above joints was taken from the patients charts. It is shown that pSS patients suffer from transient episodes of arthralgias and/or arthritis, while both secondary SS and RA patients had a history of chronic arthritis of the small joints of the hand. Evaluation of the hand radiographs showed that pSS patients exhibited mild joint space narrowing but no erosions, whereas the other two groups of patients presented with more severe joint space narrowing and varying degrees of erosions. Finally, RA patients without SS had more advanced radiographic changes than secondary SS patients. Thus hand X-rays can be used in addition to the previously described clinical differences in the differentiation of primary and secondary SS.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗