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Biomedical subjects

D Raoult

Publications and source records attributed to D Raoult.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Pneumonia and meningitis caused by a new nonfermentative unknown gram-negative bacterium.

Seven isolates of an unclassified bacterium resembling Flavobacterium spp. were characterized by growth requirements, microscopic examination, biochemical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility tests, protein profile analysis, and serologic data. The unclassified isolates were differentiated from Flavobacterium meningosepticum, Flavobacterium odoratum, Flavobacterium balustinum, Flavobacterium strain IIb, Chromobacterium violaceum, Aquaspirillum serpens, and Pseudomonas spp. The bacterium was a gram-negative rod with a polar flagellum. Protein profile analysis demonstrated two major protein bands present in the unclassified isolates that were absent from the Flavobacterium and Pseudomonas controls but present in the Aquaspirillum and Chromobacterium controls. However, no serologic cross-reactions were observed. Our results showed that the unclassified bacterium was distinct from any previously known genus of bacterium.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1989

Line blot and western blot immunoassays for diagnosis of Mediterranean spotted fever.

The line blot, a new immunoassay in which antigens are placed on nitrocellulose as narrow lines, was evaluated for its sensitivity and specificity relative to the microimmunofluorescence assay for the diagnosis of Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF). The line blot assay was only slightly less sensitive and less specific than the microimmunofluorescence assay for detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) or IgG in 100 serum specimens from 42 patients with MSF. No line blot reactions were observed among 50 control serum specimens from febrile patients with other illnesses. The line blot assay was largely group reactive for spotted fever rickettsiae, but 26% of the positive serum specimens also cross-reacted by IgM with Rickettsia typhi. Western immunoblotting was used to characterize the antigenic components recognized by 19 MSF serum specimens. For both IgM and IgG, lipopolysaccharide was the cross-reactive group antigen, whereas the high-molecular-weight species-specific protein antigens (SPAs) were the only reactive proteins. Relative to the other nine rickettsiae, Rickettsia bellii was unique both in exhibiting no SPA reactions and in having a lipopolysaccharide with a predominantly high-molecular-weight distribution. Although most of the 19 MSF serum specimens examined by Western blotting exhibited preferential reactivity to SPAs of two strains of R. conorii and weaker reactions to the other rickettsiae, 2 serum specimens exhibited SPA reactions consistent with typhus infections. In comparison with other assays, the line blot and Western blot immunoassays have advantages which may permit an improvement in the general availability and commercialization of assays for the serodiagnosis of rickettsial infections.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1989

Centrifugation-shell vial technique for rapid detection of Mediterranean spotted fever rickettsia in blood culture.

The shell vial technique for isolation of cytomegalovirus was adapted to detect Rickettsia conorii in blood culture using human fibroblast monolayers. The inoculation was performed with low speed centrifugation and the rickettsiae demonstrated by immunofluorescence 24-120 hr after inoculation. R. conorii was identified in 11 of 13 patients with Mediterranean spotted fever in 48-72 hr.

Centrifugation↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of osteo-articular infections with ofloxacin. Preliminary study].

Twenty-three patients with osteoarthritis were treated by ofloxacin. Antibiotic association was used for 22 patients. Five patients have had osteomyelitis without foreign material. Four of them recovered. Seventeen patients carried foreign material. Evaluation are in progress for 5 of them. In the 12 remaining patients, 8 recovered at a mean duration follow-up of 6 months. One patient have had arthralgia that may be attributable to the treatment. The mean duration of treatment was 6 months for the foreign material group of patient, and 3 for the other.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Acute heart failure due to Q fever endocarditis.

We report a case of Q fever endocarditis in a patient who presented with a slight pyrexia and acute cardiac failure due to aortic incompetence. The diagnosis was made by detecting high titres of serum IgG and IgA antibody against Coxiella burnetii phase I antigens and confirmed by demonstrating C. burnetii on the excised aortic valve using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Aortic valve replacement was followed by initially successful antibiotic treatment for 15 months. Reappearance of IgA anti-phase I antibodies 5 months later suggested continued presence of bacteria, although the patient's condition remained satisfactory. In endemic areas, such as rural southern France, Q fever endocarditis should be considered when there is evidence of acute heart valve damage but are few other features of infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

In vitro evaluation of josamycin, spiramycin, and erythromycin against Rickettsia rickettsii and R. conorii.

The antimicrobial activities of josamycin, erythromycin, and spiramycin against Rickettsia conorii and R. rickettsii were evaluated in two tests: a dye-uptake assay and a plaque assay. The MIC of josamycin was 1 microgram/ml for both species; the MICs of erythromycin and spiramycin were 4 to 8 and 16 to 32 micrograms/ml, respectively, for both species. Only josamycin may be of clinical use in treating spotted fever rickettsiosis. It may be useful in treating pregnant women and young children.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Diagnosis of endocarditis in acute Q-fever by immunofluorescence serology.

The authors compared two groups of 20 patients suffering from Q fever using microimmunofluorescence (micro IF) serology. One group had endocarditis and the other conventional symptoms of acute Q fever but no endocarditis. Determination of the levels of antibodies against the two phases of rickettsiae in each of the three immunoglobulin classes (IgG, IgM and IgA), allowed to determine the type of infection using a single serum sample. Patients having IgA class antiphase I antibodies at a level equal to/or higher than 1:25 as well as those whose antibody levels fulfilled the conditions for the equation (IgG anti-phase I greater than or equal to IgG anti-phase II) + (IgA anti-phase I greater than or equal to IgA anti-phase II) were suffering from endocarditis. The positive predictive value of these tests was 100% and 94.1%, respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Familial deficiency of complement factor 7: association with bacterial meningitis. Apropos of 3 recent cases].

Three recent cases of inherited deficiency of the seventh component of complement (C7) associated with recurrent infectious meningitis are described. Two cases were associated with meningococcal meningitis, the third is the first case report of C7 inherited deficiency associated with Haemophilus parainfluenzae meningitis. Family studies are consistent with inheritance and non-HLA-linked, autosomal codominant trait of the C7 deficiency. The three patients have remained well, following antibiotic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Budd-Chiari syndrome and Behçet's disease. A case treated by mesenterico-atrial prosthesis].

A 36 year-old North African man, with Behçet's syndrome complicated by an inferior vena caval thrombosis, developed a chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome associated with bleeding esophageal varices. He was treated by an emergency mesoatrial shunt. Results at 2 years were good. Analysis of this case and the 13 other similar cases with associated Budd-Chiari syndrome and Behçet's syndrome found in the literature showed that hepatic veins thrombosis: a) is often due to inferior vena caval thrombosis or membranous obstruction; b) has a high spontaneous mortality rate by acute liver failure; c) remains a potential indication for porto-systemic shunt, as are other causes of Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Rickettsial antibody in southern France: antibodies to Rickettsia conorii and Coxiella burnetii among urban, suburban and semi-rural blood donors.

Three hundred and twenty-five sera from blood donors in the south of France were examined by means of the indirect fluorescent antibody test. 18% of the sera had antibodies to Rickettsia conorii, with a significantly higher prevalence (26%) in urban and suburban areas than in semi-rural areas (13 to 16%). This supports the view that in the south of France the highest prevalence of Mediterranean Spotted Fever is suburban. 5% of the sera had antibodies to Coxiella burnetti in this area, in which Q fever is endemic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Purpura fulminans associated with a C7 deficiency].

A patient suffering from purpura fulminans was found to have a hereditary deficiency of the C7 component of complement. The homozygous deficiency of late acting complement components increases the risk of neisserial infection. CH50 titration will detect those patients suffering from a homozygous deficiency, who should be vaccinated against Neisseria meningitidis types.

Adolescent↗