Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Petzoldt

Publications and source records attributed to D Petzoldt.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Inflammatory periproctal and anorectal conditions in HIV infections].

Twenty-nine homosexual patients with anorectal symptoms were investigated by sigmoidoscopy. Nineteen patients were anti-HIV antibody positive; in this group severe haemorrhagic proctitis was diagnosed in seven cases and purulent cryptitis with abscess formation and fistulation in three cases. All patients showed a reduced OKT 4/OKT 8 ratio (below 1.0). It is concluded that the immunodeficient condition of HIV patients is the essential pathogenic factor for the occurrence of the anorectal inflammations observed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Epidemiological analysis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Federal Republic of Germany by auxotyping and serological classification using monoclonal antibodies.

We evaluated a new serological classification system for Neisseria gonorrhoeae based on monoclonal antibodies directed against epitopes on the outer membrane protein I, in conjunction with auxotyping, to analyse gonococci from two cities in the Federal Republic of Germany. Isolates of N gonorrhoeae were collected during 1976-8 and 1980-2 in Lübeck, and during 1980-2 in Heidelberg. Between the two study periods in Lübeck, we observed an appreciable decrease in strains of the auxotype that requires arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil (AHU-) and with serovar class PrIA-1 and the emergence of strains with the proline requiring auxotype and PrIB-1 serovar class. Serovar PrIA-1 accounted for 89 (97%) of 92 strains with the AHU- auxotype as opposed to 12 (4%) of 297 strains with other auxotypes (p less than 0.0001). Disseminated gonococcal infection was associated with AHU-/PrIA-1 strains. Penicillinase producing N gonorrhoeae (PPNG) strains belonged to eight different auxotype and serovar classes, which indicated that different strains had been imported. Classification of strains of N gonorrhoeae by auxotype and serovar class permits analysis of temporal changes in gonococcal populations, and of migrations of gonococci between different geographical areas. Typing N gonorrhoeae, together with assessing antibiotic susceptibilities, may prove useful for further studies of the epidemiology and control of gonorrhoea.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[False-positive results in the detection of anti-LAV/HTLV-III antibodies by enzyme immunoassay].

Two groups of sera were investigated with two different enzyme immunoassays for the detection of anti-LAV/HTLV-III-antibodies: 50 sera collected from patients with lupus erythematosus and 5 sera containing anti-HLA-DR4 antibodies. Of the 50 sera of the lupus erythematosus patients, 2 were positive in each of the tests. Of the 5 sera that contained anti-HLA-DR4 antibodies, one was positive. In addition, 11 sera showed positive results after heat treatment (56 degrees C, 1 h) in one of the tests. However, all sera in this group gave negative results in the other test. The positive results could not be confirmed with the immunoblot. These findings show that one must be aware of false-positive results when the sera of certain types of patients are investigated in anti-LAV/HTLV-III enzyme immunoassays. The sera of patients with lupus erythematosus, as well as that of polytransfused persons or multiparous women, that have been sensitized with HLA-DR4 antigens; heat treatment in one test has an effect on sera.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

[Detection of herpes simplex virus antigen with an enzyme immunoassay and direct immunofluorescence].

A total of 464 clinical specimens from patients with extragenital and genital lesions and from the cervix of asymptomatic women were examined for the presence of Herpes-simplex-virus antigen by using a commercially available enzyme immunoassay Kit (ELISA, Dakopatts) and a direct immunofluorescence technique with monoclonal antibodies (Syva-Merck). The detection rate was compared to the isolation rate of the tissue-culture technique. In extragenital lesions the sensitivity of the ELISA technique and immunofluorescence was determined to be 78.9% and 80% and in genital lesions 46.2%. In cervical clinical specimens, the sensitivity of both techniques was determined to be 5.7% and 15.4%. An HSV infection, negative in tissue culture, was diagnosed in 22 and 27 cases, respectively, using ELISA and immunofluorescence. This diagnosis was confirmed in 21 and 22 cases by the other immunological technique. For this reason, it can be assumed that in some cases direct immunological techniques can be more sensitive than the tissue culture technique. With regard to asymptomatic and manifest infections, reliable results are only obtainable in cases of manifest disease with blisters or scabs.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis antigen with an enzyme immunoassay].

Urogenital swabs (571) were investigated with a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis antigen (Chlamydiazyme, Abbott). The results were compared with the conventional cell culture method (McCoy cell culture). Urogenital C. trachomatis infections were diagnosed with the cell culture in 14 of 122 male STD patients (12%), in 12 of 79 female STD patients (15%), in 23 of 89 prostitutes (26%), and in 3 of 115 asymptomatic males (3%). In comparison with cell culture, the sensitivity of Chlamydiazyme for urethral specimens from male STD patients was 86%. In female STD patients, for urethral specimens a sensitivity of 83% was found and for cervical specimens a sensitivity of 80%. The corresponding values for specimens from prostitutes were 60% and 100%, respectively. The specificity of Chlamydiazyme for urethral specimens of male STD patients reached 95%. With respect to urethral and cervical specimens of female STD patients, the specificity was 88% and 82%, respectively, and in prostitutes 92% each. The low specificity in female patients cannot be ascribed only to Chlamydiazyme since, after subcultivation and detection of inclusions by the use of fluorescein-labeled monoclonal antibodies, some of the false-positive Chlamydiazyme results turned out culture positive. This means that the specificity of Chlamydiazyme is actually higher. Because it can be performed rapidly and simply and reaches detection rates approaching those of the cell culture method, the enzyme immunoassay is an improvement in the diagnosis of C. trachomatis infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Direct detection of Chlamydia trachomatis with monoclonal antibodies].

A total of 571 specimens obtained from the Heidelberg outpatient clinic for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and 254 specimens sent in by mail were examined for Chlamydia trachomatis, using a direct immunofluorescence technique with monoclonal antibodies and tissue culture. With respect to tissue culture, the sensitivity of specimens from male STD patients was 77% and specificity was 99%; for specimens from female STD patients the corresponding values were 77% and 96%, respectively. In female prostitutes the sensitivity of specimens reached only 55%, and specificity in this group was 96%. Follow-up of the patients with discrepant results confirmed the results of the test, which had initially indicated the chlamydial infection. In the material sent in by mail, the detection rate of C. trachomatis by direct immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies was significantly higher than in tissue culture. When specimens have to be transported long distances, the direct test with monoclonal antibodies has proved to be superior to tissue culture. However, the advantage of this test (Micro Trak) is counterbalanced by a relatively low sensitivity.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

[Detection of the gonococcal antigen with an enzyme immunoassay (Gonozyme). Results of the original and modified test procedure].

Urogenital specimens of 2,485 patients were examined by an enzymeimmunoassay for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae antigen (Gonozyme, Abbott). The results of the original test (Gonozyme A) and a modified version (Gonozyme B) were compared to bacterial culture. Three different groups were examined by Gonozyme A: 526 men and 464 women from the clinic for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and 548 registered prostitutes. Sensitivity in men was 98%, in women from the STD clinic 89%, and in prostitutes 81%. Specificity in men was 99.5%, in women from the STD clinic 94%, and in prostitutes 88%. One of the reasons for the decreased specificity in women could be cross reacting bacteria from the genital secretions of the women. The assay was modified by optimizing the antigonococcal antibody and increased incubation times. These modifications improved the specificity of Gonozyme B by reducing the number of cross reactions with other bacterial antigens. Four different groups were examined by Gonozyme B: 261 men and 220 women from the STD clinic, 121 women from an infertility clinic, and 345 registered prostitutes. Sensitivity in men was 100%, in women from the infertility clinic 100%, in women from the STD clinic 94%, and in prostitutes 77%. Specificity in men was 99%, in women from the infertility clinic 100%, in women from the STD clinic 99%, and in prostitutes 96.5%. Analysis of the Gonozyme-positive/culture-negative test results suggested that most patients (85%) did not have gonorrhoea. In 15% of these specimens it is possible that patients had pretreated gonorrhoea which was only detected by Gonozyme.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1985

[Gonococcal surface antigens and their significance for serotyping and vaccines].

Outer membrane components of Neisseria gonorrhoeae play an important role in the initial steps of infection. Precise knowledge about the surface antigens is needed for the development of a serotyping system and of a vaccine against local and systemic gonorrhea. Structure, antigenicity, and function of the best-known membrane components, i.e., lipopolysaccharide, protein I, protein II, protein III, and pili, are discussed. Lipopolysaccharide is a strong immunogen and induces bactericidal antibodies, but is unsuitable for use as a vaccine because of its toxicity. Protein I and protein III are stable proteins, not subject to antigenic variation. Antibodies against protein I, which are able to kill N. gonorrhoeae, are detectable in the serum of patients with disseminated gonococcal infection. Protein II and pili are highly variable antigens with constant, very slightly immunogenic regions. To interrupt the pathomechanism of gonococcal infection at different stages, future vaccines should contain more than one surface antigen.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1984

[Incidence of genital chlamydia and mycoplasma infections in women].

An investigation was carried out in 240 women to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mykoplasms in the genital tract. Three groups of women were compared: 80 prostitutes, 80 STD-patients and 80 dermatological patients without genital complaints. In the group of the prostitutes Chlamydia trachomatis was detected in 25% and Mycoplasms in 60%. STD-patients harbored Chlamydia trachomatis in 21% and Mycoplasms in 45%. In the group of dermatological patients Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated only in 3% and Mycoplasms in 33%.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of gonorrhea in dermatological practice. Results of a survey].

A questionnaire on the treatment of gonorrhea was sent to 1,560 dermato-venereologists practicing in the Federal Republic of Germany. Nine hundred sixty dermatologists returned the questionnaire. More than 60% of them examine less than 50 patients with gonorrhea per year; 44% treated the gonorrhea with spectinomycin, 42% with penicillin. Single dose treatment is used by approximately half of the dermatologists, but only 4% use single dose treatment with penicillin/probenecid. One case of lethal allergic shock to penicillin is reported to have occurred in 1980.

Female↗
PubMed1982

[Heck's focal epithelial hyperplasia].

Three patients with focal epithelial hyperplasia Heck are presented. In two cases biopsies were made and investigated biochemically and by electron microscopy. In one case typical papillomavirus and HPV 1-DNA could be demonstrated, in the other the attempts of isolation failed. Virologic results and epidemiologic considerations suggest a viral etiology of focal epithelial hyperplasia Heck, but they are not sufficient to prove this.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Generalized eruptive histiocytoma].

A 52-year-old male patient with generalized eruptive histiocytoma persisting for about 20 years is described. The clinical picture is characterized by red-brownish, round to oval nodules histologically consisting mainly of histiocytes. The ultrastructure of these skin lesions shows histiocytic cells at various stages of differentiation with different degree of lipid storage. The generalized eruptive histiocytoma are separated from multicentric reticulohistiocytosis. The significant differences refer to the clinical picture, in particular the organ manifestations associated with the skin lesions. The histological and ultrastructural features of the generalized eruptive histiocytoma differ from this differential diagnosis for lack of giant cells and of interdigitations between the neighbouring cells. The relation between generalized eruptive histiocytoma and the multinodular reticulohistiocytosis is discussed.

Adult↗