Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D Nardi.
The ability of Staphylococcus to adhere to human oral epithelial cells was studied. S. aureus and S. epidermidis showed remarkable attachment to cheek mucosal cells, comparable to adherence to nasal mucosal cells observed by other Authors. The same bacteria lowered consistently their ability to adhere when were previously cultured in human saliva.
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A series of substituted 2-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzyl)imidazolines and related compounds have been synthesized to study the steric and hydrophobic effects on the vasoactivity of the introduction of four methyl groups on the phenyl moiety. The 2-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzyl)imidazoline (I) showed a high hypertensive activity, whereas the 2-benzylimidazoline possesses an adrenolytic activity. The 2-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenoxy)methylimidazoline (XVII) retained the hypertensive activity, whereas the corresponding thioether (XIX) was inactive. Some structure-activity relationships with regard to the presence of substituents in the 4-position of the phenyl moiety and on the benzylic CH2 are reported.
Reaction of 2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenacyl halides with formamide did not produce the expected 4(5)-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenyl)imidazole, but 4(5)-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzoyl)imidazole (VII) was isolated as the major product together with 5-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenyl)oxazole (III), alpha-formylamino-2,3,5,6-tetramethylacetophenone (IV) and alpha-chloro-beta-amino-vinyl 2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenyl ketone (IX) as by-products. The corresponding mesitylene derivatives gave analogous results, whereas 4(5)-(2-methylphenyl)imidazole was obtained from 2-methylphenacyl bromide as expected according to the Bredereck's reaction. The structure of the isolated compounds were elucidated by element analysis, mass, I.R., U.V. and N.M.R. spectra, and by chemical reactivity.
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By reaction in hot xylene of ethyl benzoylacetate with N-methyl-o-phenylenediamine (I a) and N-benzyl-o-phenylenediamine (I b) three five-membered ring compounds and one seven-membered ring compound were obtained. Compounds isolated were: 1-alkyl-2-phenacylbenzimidazoles (III), 1-alkyl-2-phenylbenzimidazoles (V), 1-alkyl-2-methylbenzimidazoles (VI) and 1-alkyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2-ones (IV). In the reaction with N-benzyl-o-phenylenediamine we isolated also the N-benzyl-2-benzoylacetamidoaniline (II b), which by further heating in xylene gave (IV b). The structures of compounds were elucidated from their chemical reactivity and their N.M.R. and I.R. spectra.
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A series of 2-methyldialkylammoniumalkylthio-4,p-substituted phenyl-3H-1,5-benzodiazepine iodides has been synthesized. Some compounds showed high selective activity against Staph. aureus and Strep. pyogenes. The nature of the sustituents at the phenyl moiety bound to the 4-position of the 1,5-benzodiazepine ring is of decisive influence, wherease the length of the aliphatic chain and the modification of the cationic head are of minor importance for the activity. The most active compound, 2-methyldiethylammoniumethylthio-4,p-phenylthiophenyl-3H-1,5-benzodiazepine iodide (XXXVIII), was selected for further research.
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