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Biomedical subjects

D N Croft

Publications and source records attributed to D N Croft.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Ventilation-perfusion lung scans for pulmonary emboli. Accuracy of reporting.

Reports were made on combined ventilation-perfusion lung scans by three observers on three occasions and by another observer once. Reproducibility for each observer varied between 80 and 88%. There was complete agreement about the areas of scans reported as abnormal. Agreement between observes on whether or not the abnormality represented a pulmonary embolus averaged 77%. There was 86% agreement with the final clinical diagnosis. Our results show that reporting of ventilation perfusion lung scans by eye is reproducible. They support the claims that, under routine clinical conditions, the technique is 91% to 95% accurate for pulmonary emboli.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Gastric epithelial cell turnover, mucus production, and healing of gastric ulcers with carbenoxolone.

Nineteen healthy subjects were studied and 17 patients with gastric ulcer before and after ulcer healing with carbenoxolone. Gastric deoxytibonucleic acid (DNA) loss was measured as an index of epithelial cell turnover, and N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) content of gastric juice as an index of mucus secretion. In normal subjects there was a negative correlation (p less that 0-025) between gastric DNA loss and NANA secretion; the lower the cell turnover the higher the NANA production. In gastric ulcer patients DNA loss or turnover was significantly (p less than 0-01) higher than normal, and fell significantly (p less than 0-01) after four weeks' treatment with carbenoxolone when 16 of the 17 ulcers had healed. At the same time NANA output increased significantly (p less than 0-01). It is suggested that patients with gastric ulcer lose cells at a high rate, a state of affairs which is returned towards normal by carbenoxolone, thus allowing the epithelial cells to mature within the mucosa and produce more mucus.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effect of intravenous dextran 70 and pneumatic leg compression on incidence of postoperative pulmonary embolism.

The incidence of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis was measured in 50 matched pairs of patients undergoing common surgical procedures with preoperative and postoperative ventilation-perfusion lung scans and the fibrinogen uptake test. One patient in each pair was treated with intravenous dextran 70 and pneumatic leggings. The incidence of pulmonary embolism among the treated patients was significantly reduced from 24% to 8%, but the incidence of deep vein thrombosis was not significantly reduced (34% to 24%).

Dextrans↗
PubMed1976

False-positive lung scans and radiotherapy.

It has been suggested that obliterative vasculitis in the lung might mimic pulmonary embolism on a ventilationperfusion scan. The combined scans of six patients with breast cancer who had undergone radiotherapy to the chest wall, which can induce pulmonary vasculitis, were therefore examined. Eleven of the 12 scans showed perfusion defects with ventilation-perfusion mismatch on the irradiated side. Special care is needed in interpreting the lung scans of patients who have received an appreciable tissue dose of radiation to the lungs; mismatch need not indicate pulmonary embolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Thyrotoxicosis and giant-cell arteritis.

In a retrospective survey we found that five (8.5%) out of 59 women with giant-cell arteritis had a history of thyrotoxicosis. This was significantly higher than in a control group of patients. Giant-cell arteritis and thyrotoxicosis occurred simultaneously in two cases. Knowledge of this association is of clinical use and is further evidence for an immunological basis for giant-cell arteritis.

Aged↗
PubMed1974

Ventilation-perfusion lung scanning for pulmonary emboli.

The conventional method of lung scanning detects defects of pulmonary artery perfusion. False positive results occur because regions of hypoventilation, such as are present in obstructive airways disease, also cause defects of perfusion. The converse is not true, however, as defects of perfusion continue to be ventilated. Thus in pulmonary embolism ventilation-perfusion discrepancy (normal ventilation and impaired perfusion) occurs.We have assessed the clinical value of this discrepancy. Out of 18 patients with ventilation-perfusion discrepancy 14 had a final diagnosis of pulmonary emboli, whereas in none of the 34 patients without the discrepancy was this final diagnosis made. We conclude that combined ventilation-perfusion lung scanning distinguishes pulmonary emboli from other lung conditions such as asthma and bronchitis which cause impaired pulmonary perfusion. The false positive rate was only 4% overall and 7.7% in patients with perfusion defects.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1974

Fibrinogen-detectable thrombosis in the legs and pulmonary embolism.

Thrombosis in the deep veins of the legs commonly follows surgical operations but is often undiagnosed. The fibrinogen uptake test is an aid to its detection. Perfusion lung scanning after injection of labelled macroalbumin aggregates has advanced the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.Studies were carried out on 40 patients undergoing surgical operation to determine whether the results of the fibrinogen uptake test were correlated with those of ventilation-perfusion lung scanning. A statistically significant relationship was found: 18% of patients had small, clinically silent emboli.

Albumins↗
PubMed1972

Gastric bleeding and benorylate, a new aspirin.

Benorylate (4-acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate) is a new esterified aspirin preparation whose antirheumatic properties are reported to be as good as those of aspirin. Gastrointestinal blood loss, measured with (51)Cr-labelled red cells, during benorylate therapy was compared with that during therapy with soluble aspirin in 15 subjects, a simplified crossover procedure being used. Mean blood loss during benorylate therapy was 1.7 ml/day which was significantly less than that during therapy with soluble aspirin (5.1 ml/day; P <0.001). In 12 of the 15 patients blood loss with benorylate was less than 2.5 ml/day. Benorylate appears to be a definite improvement on current formulations of aspirin and should be a useful drug for the treatment of patients with chronic rheumatic disorders.

Acetanilides↗