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Biomedical subjects

D Middleton

Publications and source records attributed to D Middleton.

188 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1971

Mycoplasmas in cell cultures from rheumatoid synovial membranes.

Ten strains of myocoplasmas were recovered from cultures of synovium or cultures inoculated with synovial fragments from rheumatoid arthritis and one from osteo-arthritis. The source of the organisms is not known. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis had no complement-fixing antibody and no fluorescent staining antibody against the mycoplasmas isolated and no mycoplasma antigen was detected by immunofluorescence in sections of synovia and in synovial fluids.The strains isolated were of two main serological types and could be distinguished by direct fluorescent antibody staining from standard types of human commensals and the common tissue-culture contaminants. One may be Mycoplasma laidlawii.

Acholeplasma laidlawii↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoglobulin VH genes of the goldfish, Carassius auratus: a re-examination.

Five VH-related genomic sequences from the goldfish, Carassius auratus, have been characterized. One of these sequences appeared to be a functional gene, and four to be pseudogenes. The main conclusions drawn from this study were that: (1) With minor exceptions, goldfish VH genes conform to the typical pattern of vertebrate VH genes in terms of their structure (they encode an intron-split hydrophobic leader, 3 framework and 2 complementarity-determining regions, and possess a typical 3' recombination signal sequence for VH to D joining) and regulatory sequences (possession of a typical upstream octameric promoter). (2) The sequences indicate that goldfish possess multiple families of VH sequences (at least three). Two of these families contain approximately 6 and 10 members, as judged from Southern blot hybridization experiments. (3) Goldfish VH gene families are distributed throughout the members of the species in the manner typical of that of VH families in other vertebrate species. Thus, this observation corrects the previous conclusion (Wilson et al., Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85, 1566-1570, 1988) that VH genes are discontinuously distributed in the goldfish population.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A squamous cell carcinoma and an adenocarcinoma in Australian treefrogs.

We describe the pathology in a captive adult White lipped treefrog (Litoria infrafrenata) with a squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and a free-living adult Common green treefrog (L. caerulea) with an adenocarcinoma of the skin. Although many amphibian neoplasms have been reported world wide, none had been described in Australian species.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

On random sectioning of geometrically-similar bodies for morphological applications.

In 1962 Weibel and Gomez published their method for estimating quantities such as the number and volume of identical biological structures by raising to the three-halves power the mean of areas measured from random cross-sections. Subsequently, Knight, Weibel and Gomez (1963), modified the formula for use when the bodies were not of the same size but remained geometrically similar. This present paper uses computer simulation to investigate the efficiencies of eight unbiased estimators for the volume of a sphere and shows that the WG formula is inferior to one based on the mean cube of transected lengths. Analysis further shows that the KWG expression cannot properly be used with varying body-size but may be recast to give Wicksell's (1925) formulation, involving the mean square of the intersected length divided by its harmonic mean. A Monte Carlo investigation for spheres with normally-distributed radii shows that, though now biased, the optimum formula for the constant size situation continues giving generally better results than the unbiased but less efficient Wicksell formula provided that the coefficient of variation is less than about 10%. A formula to estimate this coefficient is given. The results suggest the desirability of computer simulation before undertaking actual experiments.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A descriptive analysis of giardiasis cases reported in Ontario, 1990-1998.

Cases of giardiasis in Ontario were described using notifiable disease data from the Ontario Ministry of Health for the years 1990-1998 inclusive. The mean annual age- and sex-adjusted incidence rate was 25.77 cases per 100,000 population for the 25,289 cases reported. Children under five years of age had the highest incidence of disease. Males had a higher mean annual incidence in all age groups. Four deaths occurred among cases. The most frequently reported symptoms were loose stools or watery diarrhea (50.1%). A seasonal pattern was noted, peaking in late summer and early autumn. The most frequently reported probable risk settings were the home (40.1%) and travel (39.1%). The study findings suggest that a high proportion of cases occur in urban areas and spatial analysis showed the highest incidence around Lake Huron and Georgian Bay. Unfiltered water and person-to-person contact are believed to be important sources of infection.

Adult↗