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Biomedical subjects

D Müller

Publications and source records attributed to D Müller.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Increased transaminase activity in the patients and personnel of dialysis centers and problem of its assessment].

Within the general hepatitis prevention on dialysis wards regular controls of the liver values and the HBsAG/AK are necessary for the patients and the personnel. The general symptom which is frequently found in these cases -- increased transaminase -- demands a diagnostic clarification and the exclusion of an acute virus hepatitis. Using all examination methods which are at present at our disposal and taking into consideration epidemiologic criteria and the total clinical picture a decision must be done which is right for the patient and the entire dialysis personnel. Own clinical observations refer to the fact that isolated increases of the liver enzyme in dialysis patients must not be traced back a priori to a virus hepatitis, but that these may also be caused by other endogenic and exogenic noxae. In the observation period of 10 years was evident that in an existing infectious hepatitis the increase of the liver enzyme was accompanied by clinical complaints.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1979

Enzyme-inductive effect of a hypolipidemic compound N-bis-(p-chlorophenoxy)-acetyl-urea in man and rat.

Besides its antilipidaemic effect, the new clofibric acid derivative (N-bis-(p-chlorohenoxy)-acetyl-urea) has an enzyme-inductive effect. The drug was administered (100 mg/kg orally) to male, Wistar rats for three days. The treatment raised the weight of the liver, the content of liver microsomal protein and cytochrome p-450 and shortened the hexobarbital sleeping time. The increase of cytochrome p-450 dependent biotransformation was found by in vitro methods in 9000-g supernatant of liver homogenate. There was a growth in biotransformation of substrates of type I (ethylmorphine, aminopyrine) and an extreme increase in reduction of nitrobenzene. We did not find any change in biotransformation of the type-II substrate aniline. In 16 patients suffering from Gilbert's syndrome, there was a decrease in the level of serum bilirubin, and increase of D-glucuric-acid output in urine and bromsulphophthalein transport maximum following the treatment of this drug given in 150 mg/day orally for three weeks. After this treatment, the level of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptides did not change. The authors highly recommend the serious consideration of metabolic interaction during the clinical application.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Treatment of epilepsy with clonazepam (Antelepsin)].

Clonazepam (Antelepsin) was tested on 179 patients in 8 institutions during a period of 180 days. 169 patients had been unsuccessfully treated with the usual standard medication and were additionally given Antelepsin. Typical absences and attacks of the West and Lennox syndromes yielded best to treatment with the drug, with favorable effects also being produced in cases of partial or focal epilepsy. The most important side-effect was tiredness, other collateral effects being balance disorders, sensations of dizziness, and musuclar weakness. The frequency of side-effects decreased in the course of therapy. In the electroencephalogram there was observed a significant increase in beta waves and a significant decrease in 3 Hz spike and wave complexes.

Benzodiazepinones↗
PubMed1978

[Diagnosis of candidiasis by means of Microstix-Candida].

The incidence of candidiasis was study in 115 mothers (vaginal) and their newborn infants (throat and fecal). Comparison studies employing Microstix-Candida and conventional Nickerson's media indicate a higher detection rate with the former. The detection of candida albicans in the newborn was obtained at an earlier time point and somewhat more frequently with Nickerson's medium.

Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal↗
PubMed1978

Nucleus anomaly test in Chinese hamster and in rat after treatment with isoniazid.

Nucleus anomaly test in Chinese hamsters and in rats treated with isoniazid (INH) was carried out according to a standard protocol in two different laboratories. These comprised both short-term studies, in which the tests were performed on animals killed 6, 12, 24, 36, or 48 h after the second of two consecutive doses of 5, 25, or 125 mg/kg INH given at an interval of 24 h, and long-term studies in animals treated with 25 mg/kg INH thrice weekly for 12 weeks. As a rule, each group consisted of at least four animals, and 1000 cells from each animal were examined. In one of the laboratories, a slight, but statistically significant increase in the incidence of nuclear anomalies was observed in two experiments on animals sacrificed 24 h after treatment; in the majority of cases, however, the investigations yielded negative results. Two out of three long-term studies revealed a slight, but statistically significant increase in the incidence of nuclear anomalies.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Chromosome analysis of bone marrow in mammals after treatment with isoniazid.

Cytogenetic investigations in bone marrow from animals treated with isoniazid (INH) were performed in seven different laboratories according to a standard protocol. The experiments were carried out in the Chinese hamster, the mouse, and the rat. In short-term studies INH was administered twice at an interval of 24 h in doses of 5, 25, and 125 mg/kg, and the animals were sacrificed 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after the second dose. In long-term studies doses of 25 and 125 mg/kg were administered thrice weekly for 12 weeks. As a rule, each group consisted of at least four animals, and 100 metaphases per animal were counted. Statistical analysis of the data showed that the incidence of chromosomal aberrations including gaps lay in the critical range for two groups in one laboratory and was significantly higher than in the control in three groups in another of the seven laboratories. From the results of both the short-term and the long-term studies in all laboratories, however, it may be concluded, that isoniazid does not induce gross chromosomal aberrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The effect of isoniazid (INH) on Chinese hamster and mouse spermatogonia.

Acute and chronic treatment of Chinese hamsters and mice with 5, 25 and 125 mg/kg isoniazid (INH) given by oral intubation did not enhance the chromosomal aberration frequencies in spermatogonia. The structural and numerical aberration rates remained in the range of spontaneous events even after the chronic treatment over 12 weeks with 3 x 125 mg/kg INH per week. This dose is much higher than normally used for prevention and therapy in man (3--16 mg/kg).

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Cytogenetic study in spermatocytes of mice and Chinese hamsters after treatment with isoniazid (INH).

Meiotic chromosomes of spermatocytes from INH-treated male mice and Chinese hamsters were analysed for chromosome aberrations in diakinesis-metaphase I and metaphase II. The experiments were performed in two laboratories while a third laboratory participated in the chromosome evaluation. No enhancement of chromosome aberrations could be observed after acute treatment of early primary spermatocytes or chronic treatment of spermatogonia with INH.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

N,N-diethyl-4-aminoazobenzene (DEAB): acute actions with respect to possible carcinogenicity as well as the role of solvents. Morphological and pharmacological investigations.

The acute action of the azo dye DEAB was investigated in Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Wistar (Wi) rats. The substance was dissolved both in DMSO and sunflower oil and was administered once by stomach tube. Cytochrome P-450-DEPENDENT N-demethylation of ethylmorphine and dimethylnitrosamine are differentially altered depending on the solvent used. The excretion of DEAB as well as of N,N-dimethyl-4-amino-azobenzene (DAB) is delayed and diminished if the substances are dissolved in DMSO. Beside these effects the mitotic number in the adrenal cortex is significantly elevated in both strains of rats. But, in SD rats only DMSO-solution of DEAB is effective. In Wi rats both are effective, the oily solution more than that in DMSO. In this respect DEAB resembles DAB and various other carcinogens which are efficient in stimulating adrenocortical cell division. Considering the positive short-term assay after three other substances which revealed carcinogenic properties in long-term experiments we conclude that also DEAB may be carcinogenic in adequate long-term examination.

5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase↗
PubMed1978

Treatment with essential amino acids in patients on chronic hemodialysis: a double blind cross-over study.

Patients on chronic hemodialysis may suffer from a latent protein deficiency, and therapy with essential amino acids has been recommended. In a double blind cross-over study, 13 hemodialysis patients received orally 15.7 g of essential amino acids daily over a 3-month period. Patients were on a liberal diet, containing 1 g of protein per kilogram of body weight per day. Hemodialysis was adequate. Therapy resulted in an increase in urea, uric acid, C3 c complement factor and a fall in C4. Lysine levels increased and phenylalanine fell. Malnutrition could not account for the observed metabolic changes, which are more likely due to uremic metabolic disturbances. A liberal diet of 1 g of protein per kilogram of body weight appears sufficient for patients on hemodialysis. Treatment with essential amino acids offers no advantage.

Adult↗