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Biomedical subjects

D Müller

Publications and source records attributed to D Müller.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Clinical, electroneurographic and neuroautonomic findings in patients with chronic renal insufficiency and following kidney transplantation].

Orientation onsigns of sensomotor polyneuritis seems appropriate for monitoring the status of patients with chronic uremia. The maximum speed of motor and F-wave transmission by the N. fibularis and the mean instantaneous arrhythmia are parameters which, before clinical symptoms appear, permit the accurate assessment of motor and vegetative lesions and may be useful as a basis on which treatment can be corrected.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Foreign compound metabolism by isolated skin cells from the hairless mouse.

A method for isolating mouse skin cells by enzymatic digestion with trypsin was developed. Cell populations of 33% viability could be further separated by metrizamide and Percoll gradient centrifugations into three fractions enriched in different cell types. in one fraction 80% of the cells were sebaceous, in the second fraction 50% of the cells were basal and the third fraction consisted predominantly of differentiated keratinocytes. Different cell types were characterized by electron microscopy, light microscopy, staining and enzyme activities. Measurement of benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase, 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and GSH-S-transferase activities in different cell types from control mice and mice topically treated with beta-naphthoflavone showed that different cell populations metabolized foreign compounds at different rates. The sebaceous cells were the most active xenobiotic-metabolizing cells. beta-Naphthoflavone increased relative enzyme activities of the original cell population and basal cell-enriched fraction more than that of the already highly active sebaceous cell population.

7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase↗
PubMed1983

The influence of triiodothyronine (T3) on the postnatal development of drug metabolism in rat liver.

The influence of T3 on some cytochrome P-450-dependent biotransformation reactions (ethylmorphine N-demethylation, ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation) was investigated in rats of different ages. After T3 administrations on 3 consecutive days to rats of different ages, on the 4th day ethylmorphine N-demethylation rate was diminished in all age groups. On the contrary, ethoxyresorufin and ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation rates were considerably enhanced, preferentially in 33-day-old animals. The P-450 concentration was increased to a smaller degree. After T3 treatment on the first 8 days of life long-term effects on ethylmorphine N-demethylation were observed. Low T3 doses accelerated this reaction in 33- and 60-day-old rats. Ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation was not influenced. T3 administrations cannot diminish age-differences in drug metabolism.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

[Long-term results of rhinoplasty in nose injuries in childhood].

In 83 children who were 3 to 15 years of age, long-term results after rhinoplasty are analysed. In 32 cases we observed recurrent septal deviations, 12 children (14.5%) showing signs of significant nasal obstruction. No inhibition of bone growth was seen in 22 cases in connection with additionally performed osteotomies. Both the errors in surgery and the disturbances due to unpredictable growth of septal cartilage are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A controlled study of supplementation with essential amino acids and alpha-keto acids in the conservative management of patients with chronic renal failure.

Oral therapy with essential amino acids (EAA) or alpha-keto acids (alpha-KA) has been recommended in patients with renal failure, but quality and quantity of optimal protein intake are still controversial. This study compares sequentially the effect of supplementation with EAA, and with alpha-KA versus placebo in 15 ambulatory patients with chronic renal failure (average creatinine clearance 10.8 ml/min), maintained on a protein diet of 0.57 g/kg body weight (40 g for a 70-kg patient). The actual dietary intake averaged 0.55 g protein/kg and 27 kcal/kg according to repeated 7-day dietary recordings. After a 6-week baseline period on this diet, all patients received additionally 0.112 g EAA/kg for 6 weeks followed by a double-blind crossover study of 0.105 g alpha-KA/kg versus placebo supplementation for 6 weeks each. Fasting blood samples for multiple parameters, including 15 indicators for protein deficiency, as well as anthropometric and clinical data were evaluated every 3 weeks. Laboratory data revealed no indications of protein deficiency. Therapy with alpha-KA diminished serum phosphate concentration (p less than 0.05), however no other significant beneficial effects could be demonstrated during supplementation with either EAA or alpha-KA. Therefore, such supplementation to a 0.55-g/kg-protein diet appears superfluous in stable ambulatory patients with renal insufficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Genetics and pathogenic role of Escherichia coli haemolysin.

While clear evidence exists for the direct involvement of cytolysins in the pathogenesis of Gram-positive bacteria, the significance of Gram-negative haemolysins remains unclear. This paper presents briefly data indicating a role for haemolysin production in infections caused by Escherichia coli and also experiments which have allowed an analysis of the molecular basis of the haemolysis among pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of this species.

DNA Restriction Enzymes↗
PubMed1982

[Diagnostic value of neuropsychiatric, audiological and electrophysiological examinations of alcohol-dependent patients].

Neuropsychiatric, audiological and electrophysiological examinations performed on 52 patients under neuropsychiatric therapy after long-term alcohol dependence, gave evidence of polytopical impairment of the peripheral and central nervous systems as well as inner ear. The results show that in order to ascertain impairments, a comprehensive diagnostic program is to be applied with special focus on electroneurographic examinations of peripheral nerves. According to the present findings, the latter are also recommended as a screening method, in particular scrutinizing the N. fibularis while also determining the threshold audiograms.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of repeated carbon monoxide exposure to rats on cytochrome P-450 concentration and activities of monooxygenases in the liver.

To determine the possible role of cytochrome P-450 in the adaptation response of an organism to chronic carbon monoxide exposure, rats received 4, 15 or 30 subcutaneous CO injections (7.2 mmol/kg body mass; maximal COHb concentration about 56%). The concentration of cytochrome P-450 is significantly reduced after 4 injections. This effect is no longer evident following 15 or 30 CO injections, which produced distinct increases of the total hemoglobin concentration. Ethylmorphine N-demethylation is distinctly inhibited after 4, 15 and 30 CO injections, whereas the initial inhibition of ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation disappears after 30 CO administrations. Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation is only slightly influenced by CO.

7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical significance of isolated proteinuria].

59 patients who, in a mass examination, had been found to have isolated proteinuria were referred to the county dispensary to have this finding clarified, since the urine and serum tests and the X-rays carried out did not lead to any clarification, histological examination of the samples yielded by renal punction was carried out. In 56 cases (93.2%) a glomerular process was found, and in only 3 cases (6.8%) was normal renal tissue found. Since in 50% of the patients affected proteinuria was observed only intermittently or in traces, the previous evaluation of minimal proteinuria must be questioned. The present findings should help to stimulate epidemiological studies on glomerulonephritis. The social necessity of this is shown by the fact that in the majority of dialysis patients glomerulonephritis has les to terminal renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Results of a repeated nephropathy screening of the same patient load in a 3-year interval].

In 1976, 1000 women from a large enterprise were examined, with a combination of parameters, for the presence of nephropathy. As a result of this complex examination programme renal diseases were found in 1.2% of cases, 0.6% of those examined had asymptomatic bacteriuria and another 0.6% had essential hypertension. Three years later, in 1979, the examination was repeated in the same group of patients, with the participation of 802 women. This time the incidence of previously undiagnosed kidney diseases was 1.5%, that of asymptomatic bacteriuria 0.8% and that of essential hypertension 0.7%. The present findings appear to justify the demand to have screenings repeated in the same group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Diagnosis and surgical indications in brachial plexus injuries].

The application of microsurgery is suited to enlarge the indication to operative interventions in lesions of the brachial plexus and to improve the results of their neurosurgical treatment. On the basis of a follow-up study of an adequate clinical material consisting of 16 patients during the last 4 years the results of the treatment report and postulates are formulated concerning the pre-examinations, the indication and the neurosurgical approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Type III shortrib-polydactyly syndrome (Verma-Naumoff) in concomitance with ectodermal dysplasia (author's transl)].

Reported in this paper is a case of shortrib-polydactyly syndrome in a stillborn male infant. The case was identified as Type III (Verma-Naumoff) on account of typical skeletal findings, such as very short ribs, micromelia, postaxial hexadactyly of all extremities, and shortened cranial base, with due consideration being also given, in that context, to characteristic radiographic and histological changes, including metaphysial spurs of long cylindrical bones. Malformations were recorded also from kidneys, ureters, small intestine, and pancreas.--Thin downy head-hair, missing eyebrows, precocious dentition, as well as partial hypoplasia and aplasia of nails were interpreted as signs of ectodermal dysplasia.--Shortrib-polydactyly syndrome is based on autosomal recessive inheritance. Early genetic advice should be offered to parents. Systematic prenatal diagnosis is necessary in case of another pregnancy.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗