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Biomedical subjects

D M Sherman

Publications and source records attributed to D M Sherman.

107 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mechanism of action of Novocain administered intravenously to animals].

Tests conducted with 48 dogs and 100 rabbits demonstrated that intravenous administration of novocain has a well-marked positive influence in extreme conditions, such as massive blood losses and traumatic shocks. It is shown that in the mechanism of the drug's action particularly important is its capability to increase the cardiac performance, to eliminate spasms of resistive vessels and to contract the blood-carrying vessels of the microcirculatory stream. The final effect, however, is in a great measure dependent upon the initial functional state of the organism (the period of hemorrhagic or traumatic shock) and an early introduction of the drug.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of intravenous administration of dalargin on the course and outcome of the body's response to acute massive hemorrhage].

Acute experiments on 74 adult rabbits have revealed that slow fractional jet blood exfusion of 16 +/- 1 ml/kg for 4-5 min results in reversible hemorrhagic shock, but when the volume of blood loss increases up to 23 +/- 3 ml/kg, a fatal shock occurs. The same outcome occurs when one-stage continuous jet blood loss reaches the volume of 16 +/- 3 ml/kg. Preadministration of dalargin, 0.1 mg/kg prior to fatal hemorrhage promotes the survival of most animals and significantly prolongs their longevity. The therapeutical effect of dalargin in increasing the animals' life is shown only when it is used in early shock after fractional hemorrhage. In late shock, the agent fails to affect the further course and outcomes of posthemorrhagic responses after fractional or continuous blood loss.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Stimulating and hypobiotic therapy in cardiogenic shock].

Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of stimulating and hypobiotic agents in 122 dogs with experimentally induced cardiogenic shock and 56 patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock allowed a relationship to be established of the efficiency of therapeutic measures to the phase and rate of progression of the pathological process. In rapid progression of clinical symptoms of cardiogenic shock it is predominantly preparations of hypobiotic action that are to be prescribed whereas in slow progression of these it is advisable to use agents of stimulating action.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intravenous dalargin as a method of increasing the effectiveness of blood reinfusion in the late stages of hemorrhagic shock].

Acute experiments on 63 adult rabbits have shown that acute divided blood loss for 5 min (27 +/- 1% of the whole blood volume) results in the development of reversible hemorrhagic shock with survival of all the animals. In the same volume of continuous blood exfusion (27 +/- 5% of blood volume) or an increase in blood loss to 43 +/- 2% of blood volume hemorrhagic shock proved irreversible. Early reinfusion of heparinized blood saved all the animals, whereas late reinfusions only prolonged the survival. Intravenous administration of dalargin (0.1 mg/kg) in late shock was not effective and all the animals died. Dalargin introduction after blood reinfusion in late shock saved the animals lives. The conclusion is made on benefits of intravenous dalargin for raising the efficacy of reinfusions (hemotransfusion) at late stages of severe hemorrhagic shock.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Composition of the carbohydrate granules of the cyanobacterium, Cyanothece sp. strain ATCC 51142.

Cyanothece sp. strain ATCC 51142 is an aerobic, unicellular, diazotrophic cyanobacterium that temporally separates O2-sensitive N2 fixation from oxygenic photosynthesis. The energy and reducing power needed for N2 fixation appears to be generated by an active respiratory apparatus that utilizes the contents of large interthylakoidal carbohydrate granules. We report here on the carbohydrate and protein composition of the granules of Cyanothece sp. strain ATCC 51142. The carbohydrate component is a glucose homopolymer with branches every nine residues and is chemically identical to glycogen. Granule-associated protein fractions showed temporal changes in the number of proteins and their abundance during the metabolic oscillations observed under diazotrophic conditions. There also were temporal changes in the protein pattern of the granule-depleted supernatant fractions from diazotrophic cultures. None of the granule-associated proteins crossreacted with antisera directed against several glycogen-metabolizing enzymes or nitrogenase, although these proteins were tentatively identified in supernatant fractions. It is suggested that the granule-associated proteins are structural proteins required to maintain a complex granule architecture.

1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The "pro" and "con" of the hypothesis of interimpulse intervalic information coding in the nervous system].

The present views are outlined on the principles of information code in the nervous system. It is shown that the frequency modulation of the rhythmical neuronal activity alone is unable to provide the processing and coding of the information necessary for cognitive activity. The fluctuation of the between-impulse intervals which has been revealed by many authors is a treated as novel acquisition in the process of progressive evolution. The intervals and their various combinations as code signals can ensure the information processes simultaneously in a great number of neurons and synapses. The present state of neurophysiology and information theory don't enable an alternative hypothesis to be advanced.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The mechanism of the action of opiate receptor antagonists in acute shock-induced blood loss].

Experiments on 81 rabbits showed that intravenous infusion of naloxone and nalorphine in different periods of hemorrhagic shock promoted the death of animals. It is concluded that in hypoxia only the antagonistic activity of the drugs is manifested as total inactivation of the endogenous opioid system depriving it of its protective functions. Nalorphine infused after blood reinfusion exhibits agonistic activity and additional activation of the endogenous opioid system promotes the use of the biological reserves by the organism, which saves some of the animals from death or essentially prolongs the survival of the others. Infusion of naloxone after blood transfusion has no effect on the outcome.

Acute Disease↗