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Biomedical subjects

D M Jones

Publications and source records attributed to D M Jones.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

HBsAg and HBcAg in the livers of asymptomatic hepatitis B antigen carriers.

Asymptomatic blood donors with persistent HBs antigenaemia have a variety of histological lesions in the liver, and serial biopsies indicate that, in some, these lesions may progress. The immunoperoxidase technique was found to be a sensitive method for the histological demonstration of HBsAg and HBcAg. Livers showing minor histological changes contained more HBsAg than those with active lesions and there appears to be an inverse relationship between the amount of HBsAg in the liver and the severity of the histological damage. In the carriers who had more than one biopsy, the presence of stainable HBsAg, irrespective of the initial histological diagnosis, was associated with a greater likelihood of progression of the histological lesion. HBcAg was found only in the hepatocyte nuclei of carriers with chronic aggressive and chronic persistent hepatitis.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1977

Diagnosis of intracardiac thrombus by 99mTc-MAA scintiscanning.

Because of its capacity to form a deposit on thrombus fibrin, 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin can be used to detect intracardiac thrombus by routine imaging. The authors report a case of right ventricular thrombus diagnosed antemortem on a routine lung study in a patient with an intracardiac hyperalimentation catheter in place.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Hybridization of potato spindle tuber viroid to cellular DNA of normal plants.

Molecular hybridization experiments of (125)I-labeled potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) with DNA from uninfected or PSTV-infected tomato plants showed that infrequent DNA sequences complementary to PSTV exist in both uninfected and infected cells. DNA titration experiments revealed that at least 60% of PSTV is represented by sequences in DNA of several normal solanaceous host species. Phylogenetically diverse plants contain sequences related to less of the PSTV. PSTV-infected tomato or Gynura aurantiaca plants did not possess new PSTV sequences at detectable levels. These results support the hypothesis that PSTV may have originated from genes in normal solanaceous plants.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

The husbandry and veterinary care of wild horses in captivity.

A short account of the natural history of the wild Equidae is given as a background to their management in captivity. In general the approach to their husbandry and veterinary care is similar to that for the domestic horse. A mixture of etorphine and acepromazine has been found to be the most effective for handling and conventional methods of anaesthesia can be safely superimposed on these if required. The data collected at Whipsnade on the haematology and biochemistry of these species is summarised in tabular form and an analysis is included of the post-mortem examinations of 105 equine carcases from the Society's collection.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1976

Serial liver biopsies in blood donors with persistent HBs antigenaemia.

Initial liver biopsies from asymptomatic HBs antigen positive blood donors showed a range of histological abnormalities ranging from minor parenchymal lesions to cirrhosis. Twenty of these have now been followed up for periods of up to four years and during that time have had at least two liver biopsies. Throughout the period of study all the donors have remained carriers of HBs Ag, and there was no significant variation in the titers of antigen or the electron microscopic appearances of the serum in individual donors. The histological appearances of subsequent liver biopsies were not always the same as those seen initially, and while there appeared to be some improvement in three cases, there were nine in which the histological appearances were worse.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Citrobacter koseri meningitis in a special care baby unit.

An outbreak of meningitis due to Citrobacter koseri in a special care baby unit is described. The organism showed a high capacity for spread among the babies on the unit and although the intestinal carriage rate was high, the clinical case:carrier ratio was low.

Citrobacter↗
PubMed1976

Serotypes of group B meningococci.

Strains of group B meningococci isolated from cases of sporadic infection, epidemic infection, and from patients unassociated with clinical meningococcal infection have been examined by a serological typing technique. The majority of group B meningococci from clinical infections in the UK have serotype 2 antigen. Such strains were relatively uncommon among carriers who had no association with meningococcal disease.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1975

Meningococcal infections in Bolton, 1971-74.

Between December 1970, and the end of June, 1974, there were 82 cases of meningococcal infection, including 14 deaths, in the metropolitan borough of Bolton. This outbreak, caused by a sulphonamide-sensitive group-B strain, was characterised by a high attack-rate in young children, reaching a peak of 184 per 100,000 per year in the 6-11-month age-group. All the deaths were in children under 3 years of age. Nasopharyngeal carriage of the epidemic strain was found in 34% of close family contacts investigated before receiving sulphonamide prophylaxis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

The bacteraemia associated with burns surgery.

Fifty-four surgical procedures on 39 burnt patients were studied with serial blood cultures. In 25 (46 per cent) of these procedures the cultures were positive. In spite of the absence of prophylactic systemic antibiotics there were no clinical manifestations and not one of the bacteraemias developed into a septicaemia. The role of natural immunity in controlling the bacteraemia is discussed and it is suggested that prophylactic systemic antibiotic therapy covering burns surgery is unnecessary in the presence of normal immunoglobulin levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The effects of noise and incentives upon attention in short-term memory.

Recent work concerned with task performance under conditions of high arousal has emphasized the changes that appear to occur in the allocation of attention to different components of the task. Hockey (1970 a, b), for example, has shown that loud noise, which may be considered to raise arousal level (Broadbent, 1971; Davies, 1968; Hockey, 1969), biases attention towards high-priority task components and away from low-prioposed that an increase in arousal level brings about a restriction of the range of cues trity ones. This result agrees with a suggestion made by Easterbrook (1959), who proposed that an increase in arousal level brings about a restriction of the range of cues that a subject utilizes in performing a task. Easterbrook arg ued that when arousal level is low, selectivity in the utilization of cues is also low, and irrelevant cues may be accepted uncritically. As arousal level increases, so does selectivity, and attention is diverted away from irrelevant task components. Further increases in arousal diminish still further the range of usable cues, so that eventually some relevant cues are no longer utilized and task performance deteriorates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Interpretation of respiratory tract histology in cot deaths.

The degree of inflammation in the trachea, bronchi, and lungs of 139 cot deaths has been analysed and each case allocated to one of four groups. In group I the changes were considered to be serious enough to have caused death, while group II cases showed similar abnormalities but of a less severe nature, and in this group there was some doubt as to whether they were a significant cause of death. Group III lesions were very minor in type and were not considered to be serious enough to have resulted in the death of the child. There was a good correlation between the degree of inflammation in the respiratory tract, and whether or not bacteria of any type were grown. The great majority of the bacterial pathogens were isolated from the first two groups. Respiratory viruses were isolated from three of the four cases of acute bronchiolitis included in group I, and also from a group II case which showed considerable bronchiolar inflammation. One-third of the cases with minor inflammation in the lung parenchyma (group III) showed some evidence of recent virus infection.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1975

Electron microscopy of serum of healthy hepatitis B antigen carriers.

The sera of 36 blood donors who are established HBsAg carriers were examined with the electron microscope. The findings were correlated with the histological and electronoptic appearances of the liver and the titre and subtype of the antigen. Antigen-antibody complexes could not be detected. Dane particles constituted 2 percent or more of the total particle count in five of the 36 sera, including three sera from five carriers with chronic aggressive hepatitis and two sera from 11 carriers with chronic persistent hepatitis. In sera from carriers with normal histology or the minimal histological lesion of focal parenchymal necrosis they were detected very infrequently or not at all. Three biopsies revealed intranuclear inclusions when examined electronoptically and the corresponding sera all contained greater than 2 percent Dane particles. Where greater than 2 percent Dane particles were seen the antigen titre tended to be high. The predominant subtype was ad. There was no correlation between the number of Dane particles and the antigen subtype nor between subtype and histology.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗