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Biomedical subjects

D M Dent

Publications and source records attributed to D M Dent.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Chronic granulocytic leukaemia. A 10-year experience in the Black, Coloured and White populations of the south-western Cape Province.

In a 10-year retrospective analysis of 92 patients in the stable phase of chronic granulocytic leukaemia, the three major race groups (White, Coloured and Black) in the south-western Cape were compared. There were consistent differences in respect of age, sex distribution, and the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome. Despite these differences the clinical presentation, haematological features, response to treatment and survival rates did not vary significantly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomographic and ultrasonic localization of adrenal mass lesions.

A study of 20 patients with adrenal mass lesions shown on computed tomography (CT) is reported. CT accurately localized a unilateral adrenal mass in 12 patients with Cushing's syndrome, primary hyperaldosteronism and phaeochromocytoma. Unsuspected primary or metastatic neoplasms of the adrenal glands were detected in 8 patients who underwent CT for other reasons. In 9 cases ultrasonography was also useful in localizing large adrenal masses. This study confirms the safety and accuracy of CT and ultrasonography in evaluating patients with adrenal masses, thereby obviating the need for more invasive diagnostic procedures.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Cholecystitis in an intrahepatic gallbladder. A case report.

A case of cholecystitis in an intrahepatic gallbladder with concurrent choledocholithiasis is reported. The patient initially presented with pyrexia of unknown origin and subsequently with suppurative cholangitis; the diagnosis was resolved pre-operatively using contemporary techniques of gallbladder delineation. Simple drainage of the gallbladder with choledocholithotomy proved effective.

Cholecystitis↗
PubMed1982

Is staging laparotomy necessary in Hodgkin's disease? An analysis of 100 operations.

A series of 100 patients with Hodgkin's disease were submitted to staging laparotomy, without mortality and with negligible morbidity. Thirty-one patients were restaged: 23 had occult intra-abdominal disease and 8 false-positive lymphangiograms. Standardized treatment programmes were tested against our clinical and pathological data to determine whether staging laparotomy would alter therapeutic decisions. Programmes based on clinical staging and employing radical radiotherapy would have encompassed all disease without recourse to laparotomy. In contrast, a more conservative programme which employed mantle field irradiation for clinically localized cervical disease, without laparotomy, would have missed disease in 12% of cases. Patients with supradiaphragmatic nodal Hodgkin's disease should either have prophylactic abdominal irradiation (without laparotomy) or more limited radiotherapy determined by laparotomy (without prophylactic irradiation).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Malignant gastro-intestinal tumours. The frequency distribution by age, sex, race and site at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, 1974-1978.

The observed frequency distribution of 2023 primary malignant gastro-intestinal tumours recorded during the 5-year period 1974-1978 is reported. The two most common sites were stomach (29.6%) and colon and rectum (29.5%), and the third most common was the oesophagus (19.8%). Marked differences in the site of the tumours according to race were found; oesophageal carcinoma was the most frequent lesion in Black patients (62.1%), gastric carcinoma in Coloured patients (44.1%) and colorectal carcinoma in White patients (46.8%). Within the Black group rarely affected sites were the pancreas (5.1%) and colon and rectum (3.5%).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Inflammatory variant of abdominal atherosclerotic aneurysm.

Fifty-one consecutively removed abdominal aortic atherosclerotic aneurysms were graded as mild, moderate, or severe, according to the amount of chronic inflammation and fibrosis present. Mild chronic inflammation and fibrosis were present in 72.5% of the aneurysms and moderate changes in 15.7%. The presence of the latter group indicated that there was no sharp distinction between the usual atherosclerotic aneurysm with mild chronic inflammation and those with severe changes (inflammatory aneurysms). Patients with the latter comprised about 12% of the total and showed no significant clinical difference from those with ordinary atherosclerotic aneurysms, apart from difficult operative dissection that led to a raised operative mortality. The clinical and pathological findings suggest that inflammatory aneurysms of the abdominal aorta are simply atherosclerotic aneurysms that show an unusual accentuation of the chronic inflammation and fibrosis that may be observed in relation to atherosclerotic aneurysms.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1980

Surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm over 23 years.

The mortality for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in a surgical unit is reviewed over the 23-year period 1956-1978. Five hundred and eight patients were considered for operation. In the elective AAA surgery group there has been a progressive decline in mortality to a current level of 3%, and reasons for this are reviewed. Where patients present with ruptured AAA, however, the mortality has remained in excess of 50%.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1979

Prospective randomized trial of combined oncological therapy for gastric carcinoma.

One hundred forty-two patients with all stages of gastric carcinoma were prospectively stratified into two divisions according to T.N.M. stage following, but irrespective of the type of surgical procedure. Division I (T1-3, N1-2, M0) was randomized into a control group, and a treatment group who received 2000 rad in 8 fractions over 10 days with intravenous 5 Fluorouracil (5 F.U.) at a dose of 500 mg daily x 4 days preirradiation and then 12.5 mg/kg daily for 5 days every 28 days for six courses. Division II (T4 or M1) was randomized into three groups; a control group, a group who received radiotherapy and 5 F.U. in the same schedule as division one and a group who received Thiotepa 45 mg intravenously daily for three days and then every 28 days for 6 months. Four and one-half years after commencement of the trial 86% of the patients had died. There was no difference in survival rate between the treatment and control groups, (p greater than 0.5) in Division I or II. Survival appeared to correlate with the T.N.M. stage of disease and not therapy. Blind assessment of the quality of life showed no difference between the treatment groups and the controls. In the dose schedules used, this form of oncological therapy had no effect on survival or quality of life in patients with gastric carcinoma.

Aged↗