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Biomedical subjects

D M Davis

Publications and source records attributed to D M Davis.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Osteochondritis dissecans of the tarsocrural joint: results of treatment with arthroscopic surgery.

The technique and results of arthroscopic surgery for the treatment of osteochondritis dissecans in 318 tarsocrural joints in 225 horses are reported. Of the 225 horses, 154 were racehorses or intended for racing. Arthroscopic surgery was an effective technique for treating osteochondritis dissecans of the tarsocrural joint. The overall functional ability and cosmetic appearance of the limbs were excellent. Post surgical follow-up information was obtained for 183 horses, of which 140 (76.5 per cent) raced successfully or performed their intended use following surgery. Of the remaining 43, 11 were considered to still have a tarsocrural joint problem, 19 developed other problems precluding successful performance, eight were considered poor racehorses without any lameness problems identified, three were killed because of septic arthritis and two died from other causes. There was no significant effect of age, sex or limb involvement on the outcome. The size of the intermediate ridge lesions had no effect on prognosis but the presence of degenerative or erosive changes in the articular cartilage significantly decreased the prognosis. The synovial effusion resolved in 117/131 racehorse joints (89.3 per cent) and 64 of 86 non-racehorse joints (74.4 per cent) with follow-up. The outcome for synovial fluid resolution was significantly inferior for lesions of the lateral trochlear ridge of the talus or medial malleolus of the tibia compared to distal intermediate ridge lesions. There was no significant relationship between resolution of effusion and successful performance outcome.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Fractography of a bis-GMA resin.

The fracture behavior of a bis-GMA resin was studied by means of the double-torsion test. The fracture parameter measured was the stress-intensity factor. Fracture occurred in either a stick-slip (unstable) or continuous (stable) manner, depending upon the test conditions. When stick-slip propagation occurred, the fracture surfaces showed characteristic crack-arrest lines. The fracture surfaces were examined by use of a reflected-light optical microscope. The stress-intensity factor for crack initiation was found to be related to the size of the crack-arrest line which, in turn, could be related to the Dugdale model for plastic zone size. The evidence supported the concept that the behavior of the crack during propagation was controlled by the amount of plastic deformation occurring at the crack tip.

Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate↗
PubMed1989

Osseointegrated implants--principles and practice: 1. Osseointegration and surgical techniques with the Nobelpharma implant system.

In this series of three articles the authors describe some of the principles and practice of osseointegrated implants. Part 1 gives a detailed description of the surgical techniques required to establish osseointegrated implant fixtures (with special reference to the Branemark system). The article then gives guidance on patient selection and treatment planning. Part 2 will go on to consider prosthetic rehabilitation using osseointegrated implant fixtures. Part 3 will conclude the series by presenting a number of case studies.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1989

Osseointegrated implants--principles and practice: 3. Case treatments with the Nobelpharma implant system.

In this series of three articles the authors describe some of the principles and practice of osseointegrated implants. Part 1 gave a detailed description of the surgical techniques to establish osseointegrated implants (with special reference to the Branemark system), guidance on patient selection and treatment planning. Part 2 described prosthetic rehabilitation using osseointegrated implant fixtures. This article concludes the series by presenting a number of case studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Osseointegrated implants--principles and practice: 2. Prosthetic rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants.

In this series of three articles the authors describe some of the principles and practice of osseointegrated implants. Part 1 gave a detailed description of the surgical techniques required to establish osseointegrated implant fixtures (with special reference to the Branemark system), and gave guidance on patient selection and treatment planning. Part 2 now considers prosthetic rehabilitation techniques with osseointegrated implants for complete dentures, complete overdentures, partial bridges, and single tooth replacement cases. Part 3 will conclude the series by presenting a number of case studies.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗
PubMed1988

Immediate obturation for partial maxillectomy.

Modifications of the split maxillectomy prosthesis, secured with a transnasal wire, are recommended to ensure ease of obturation of the surgical cavity and, subsequently, rapid replacement of the original stent.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

AIDS liability issues.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

An investigation into the fracture behavior of a particulate-filled bis-GMA resin.

Dental composites are being increasingly used to restore occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth. If these restorations are not to fracture in service, an understanding of their fracture behavior is essential. The fracture parameter used is the stress-intensity factor at crack instability (KIC). This has been calculated by means of the double-torsion test in a mechanical testing machine. The fracture behavior of the composite was studied by varying: the amount of filler (7%, 15%, 26%, and 41% by volume); the surface treatment of the filler (coated or uncoated); the environment (air and water); and the cross-head rate (0.05, 0.5, 5, and 50 mm/min). Fracture was found to occur in either a continuous (stable) or stick-slip (unstable) manner. The stick-slip behavior was due to blunting of the crack tip, which was controlled by the yield behavior. When there was no significant blunting, continuous crack growth occurred. An unique relationship was found to exist between the yield stress and the stress-intensity factor for all conditions of testing.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1987

Diagnostic-related groups: their impact on an inpatient rehabilitation program.

Prospective payment by diagnostic-related groups (DRGs) was expected to result in early discharges from acute care hospitals. Early transfers of patients to rehabilitation programs were anticipated, since inpatient rehabilitation programs were exempt from the prospective payment plan. A retrospective study of 516 patient records at our hospital between July 1, 1983, and June 30, 1985, was undertaken to examine changes in the major parameters of the rehabilitation program. No changes in proportions of individuals by diagnostic group, age, or gender were found. No significant change in length of stay occurred. After prospective payment took effect, the average patient admitted to rehabilitation was more impaired regardless of age, yet patients over 65 years showed comparable functional levels at discharge. More medical complications during rehabilitation stay were noted. Most patients continued to return to a home environment. Most parameters did not change after the advent of DRGs.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Weight of evidence supports one operation for "ratios" and "differences" of heaviness.

This paper investigates an apparent contradiction between recent studies of "ratios" and "differences" of heaviness. Birnbaum and Veit (1974) found a single rank order for judgments in the two tasks, whereas Rule, Curtis, and Mullin (1981), who used a different stimulus set, procedure, and experimental design, reported two orders. To investigate the cause of this discrepancy, the present study manipulated the experimental design using the same stimuli and procedure as Rule et al. (1981). In one experiment (within-subject designs), each subject judged all combinations of the standard and comparison stimulus; in the other experiment (between-subjects designs) each subject received only one standard, and different groups of subjects were given different standards. "Ratios" and "differences" of heaviness were monotonically related for the majority of subjects who judged all combinations of standards and comparisons. Variations in the modulus and response examples did not affect the rank order of "ratios" within subjects. These results suggest that the contradiction in results is due to the difference in experimental design rather than differences in stimuli or procedure. In the between-subjects designs, the rank order of the "ratio" judgments depended on the standards and examples. Both previous and present results are consistent with the theory that subjects use one operation, subtraction, for both tasks and that the judgment function varies with between-subjects manipulations of the standard, examples, and modulus.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Continuous subcutaneous infusion of morphine in children with cancer.

Seventeen children with severe pain due to malignant neoplasm were successfully treated with a subcutaneous infusion of morphine sulfate using a syringe pump. Pain relief was adequate in every case without major side effects. The median dosage required was 0.06 mg/kg/hr (range, 0.025 to 1.79 mg/kg/hr). Three patients received the subcutaneous infusion at home. No patient required an intravenous line for pain control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacokinetic study of indicine N-oxide in pediatric cancer patients.

Pharmacokinetics of the experimental antitumor agent indicine N-oxide were investigated in a group of 23 pediatric cancer patients. Plasma elimination of indicine N-oxide was best described by a two-compartment open model. The mean plasma distribution phase half-life, plasma elimination phase half-life, and plasma clearance were 8 min, 84 min, and 62 ml/min/m2 (2.1 ml/min/kg), respectively. One patient with renal impairment had an abnormally long plasma elimination phase half-life (275 min) and reduced plasma clearance (17 ml/min/m2). Plasma elimination phase half-life values increased and plasma clearance values decreased with increasing age of the pediatric patients. Plasma elimination of indicine N-oxide was more rapid in this group of children than in adults who had previously received the drug.

Adolescent↗