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Biomedical subjects

D Levine

Publications and source records attributed to D Levine.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Mood, vegetative disturbance, and dexamethasone suppression test after stroke.

Assessments of mood disturbance and "vegetative" (appetite or sleep) disturbance as well as a single-dose dexamethasone suppression test (DST) were carried out in 25 randomly selected stroke patients and in 13 nonstroke control patients hospitalized in a rehabilitation center. Prevalence rates of moderate-to-serve depression of mood and vegetative disturbance were significantly higher in stroke patients than controls (48% and 52% versus 0% and 8%, respectively), as was the prevalence of abnormal DST results (52% versus 8%). Abnormal DST results were associated with the occurrence of moderate to severe mood, appetite, and sleep disturbances among all patients. in 2 stroke patients, repeated DST results paralleled the clinical course. The DST may be useful as an adjunct to the diagnosis and in monitoring the progress of the common and potentially reversible mood and vegetative disturbances occurring after stroke.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

An improved method for rapid layering of Ficoll-Hypaque double density gradients suitable for granulocyte separation.

A simple technique is described to layer Ficoll-Hypaque double density gradients suitable for rapid isolation of human granulocytes using disposable plastic syringes and 20-gauge needles. The syringes without plungers were kept at 45 degrees angle initially at the top of the test tube, the tip of the needle touching the side of the test tube. While layering the gradients, the syringes were progressively adjusted at 3 different positions which enhanced the smooth flow by forming a continuous stream from the tip of the needle to the top of the lower gradient resulting in excellent interfaces without causing turbulence or inadvertent mixing. This method is useful particularly when unknown sera are screened against granulocytes or lymphocytes from a large number of normal donors.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1982

Diffusing capacity in idiopathic scoliosis and its interpretation regarding alveolar development.

We measured lung volumes, diffusing capacity by the single breath method (DL), membrane permeability (DM), and capillary blood volume (Vc) in 22 subjects with idiopathic scoliosis (mean angle of curvature, 66 degrees). Compared with an age-matched group, vital capacity, total lung capacity, and functional residual capacity were respectively, 21% (p less than 0.0001), 18% (p less than 0.01), and 15% (p less than 0.05) lower. The DL was 17% lower (p less than 0.01), but specific DL (DL divided by alveolar volume = DLVA) was the same. For both groups, DLVA was inversely correlated with VA. The same qualitative relationship existed between DM, Vc, their specific values, and VA except for a larger spread of Vc in the scoliotic group. The data show that DL and its components, DM and Vc, are normal in idiopathic scoliosis when reduced lung volumes are allowed for. These findings are consistent with partial failure of alveolar enlargement as a result of the thoracic deformity rather than any atrophy of the alveoli or pulmonary vasculature. Thus scoliosis results in a delay of lung development, such that in a group of symptomatic patients with moderate degrees of deformity (mean angle of curvature, 66 degrees), lung volumes and DL are about 80% of that of an age-matched control group; the alveolar characteristics of a 12-yr-old with scoliosis are therefore similar to those of a 9-yr-old normal child.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Purgative abuse associated with reversible cachexia, hypogammaglobulinaemia, and finger clubbing.

Laxative abuse may cause systemic and metabolic changes, but cachexia has not been reported as a predominant feature. A patient with finger clubbing and extreme wasting recovered when senna intake was stopped and nutritional care provided. A diagnosis had been made of acquired common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia with absence of circulating B lymphocytes. The immunological abnormalities were corrected after senna intake was stopped and lean body mass restored.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1981

Anger, anxiety, guilt and increased basal and stress-induced neurogenic tone: causes or effects in primary hypertension?

1. Basal plasma and spinal fluid noradrenaline were increased in patients with primary hypertension and phaeochromocytoma compared with normotensive patients (P less than 0.01). 2. Patients with primary hypertension had more anger (P less than 0.01), anxiety (P less than 0.01) and guilt (P less than 0.05) than normotensive patients or patients with phaeochromocytoma. 3. The responses of noradrenaline and adrenaline concentrations were similar after mental and isometric stress in primary hypertensive and normotensive subjects. 4. However, after mental stress and isometric exercise there were increased responses of plasma noradrenaline and systolic blood pressure respectively, in patients with high anxiety and anger compared with those below the 50th percentile (P less than 0.05). 5. Increased central and peripheral neurogenic tone at rest and after stress in association with increased anxiety and suppressed anger appear to be pathogenic factors in some patients with primary hypertension and may not be a result of the blood pressure elevation.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Central and regional normetadrenaline in evaluation of neurogenic aspects of hypertension: aid to diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma.

1. Free normetadrenaline concentrations in plasma of patients with phaeochromocytoma were elevated 20-1000-fold as compared with values in primary hypertensive subjects. 2. Spinal fluid normetadrenaline was 1.8-16% of the simultaneous plasma values in patients with phaeochromocytoma, whereas levels in spinal fluid exceeded those of plasma in primary hypertension. 3. Spinal fluid noradrenaline was 7.9-58% of simultaneous values of plasma noradrenaline in patients with phaeochromocytoma, whereas values in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were similar in primary hypertension. 4. Plasma noradrenaline and normetadrenaline levels were both elevated in veins from regions subsequently found to harbour chromaffin tumours. 5. The excessive amounts of normetadrenaline produced in phaeochromocytoma enters plasma but not spinal fluid and can be used for diagnosis and localization of phaeochromocytoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

A double-blind controlled trial of acetate versus bicarbonate dialysate.

A controlled, cross-over trial of bicarbonate versus acetate hemodialysis over a 24 wk period in 16 patients with end-stage renal failure has shown a significantly lower incidence of dialysis-related symptoms during dialysis with bicarbonate. The level of well-being in the intervals between dialysis was not appreciably affected by the dialysis mode. It is suggested that bicarbonate dialysis should be made available to all patients receiving regular hemodialysis for end-stage renal failure provided that this can be done reliably and safely.

Acetates↗