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Biomedical subjects

D Lambert

Publications and source records attributed to D Lambert.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Apoprotein B in high density lipoproteins: variations according to the type of hyperlipoproteinemia].

Two techniques for the separation of high density lipoproteins are compared: ultracentrifugation and concanavalin A precipitation. There is a significant correlation for the high density lipoproteins cholesterol levels found by the two techniques (r = 0.66, p less than 0.001). Nonetheless ultracentrifugation gives higher values than precipitation. When the ultracentrifuged high density lipoproteins fraction was precipitated with concanavalin A, a highly significant correlation was found between the amounts of apoprotein B and cholesterol present in the precipitate (r = 0.90, p less than 0.001). These results indicate the presence of a subfraction of the ultracentrifuged high density lipoproteins fraction which is precipitated by concanavalin A and which contains apoprotein B. This fraction is present in varying proportions according to the type of hyperlipoproteinemia, types iib and IV having the greatest amounts. In conclusion, only the concanavalin A precipitation technique results in a separation of apoprotein B-containing and non-apoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. This renders it preferable to ultracentrifugation for determining atherogenicity risks.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Modifications in apoprotein C composition of very low density lipoproteins in type IV hyperlipoproteinemic subjects after dietetic triglyceridemia reduction.

Variations in peptide composition of apoprotein C from very low density lipoproteins were studied in 10 type IV hyperlipoproteinemics, before and after triglyceridemia normalization through appropriate diet. The subjects were sensitive to carbohydrates or alcohol : a reduction or elimination of the inducing nutrient led to a decrease in serum triacylglycerol levels, correlated with an increase in the proportion of apo CII and a decrease in the proportion of apo CIII1. Apo CIII2 was not affected. This led to an increased ratio, apo CII/apo CIII1. The percentage of variation of different lipid (triacylglycerols and cholesterol) and protein (apoproteins CII, CIII2) parameters were also studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of reduction of triacylglycerol level on fatty acid and glucose incorporation into human adipose tissue in type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia.

The fatty acid incorporation into adipose tissue (FIAT) and glucose incorporation into adipose tissue (GLIAT) have been measured in 11 patients suffering from Type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia during the hypertriglyceridaemic phase (HTG) and after normalization of triacylglycerol (TG) levels as a result of a diet which was adapted to the nutritional response of subjects. Results have been compared with those obtained in 10 reference subjects. During the HTG phase FIAT and GLIAT activities were significantly lower than in the case of reference subjects: FIAT (76.5 vs 185 nmol divided by 3/g adipose tissue/h, GLIAT (92.5 vs 208 nmol x2/g adipose tissue/h). After reduction of HTG, these activities increased in a significant way, FIAT (137.7 vs 76.5 nmol divided by 3/g/h) and GLIAT (160 vs 92.5 nmol X 2/g/h). These results agree with the hypothesis that the reduced incorporation of fatty acids and glucose into adipose tissue, measured in vitro, is partly due to the modification of the profile of lipoproteins and apoproteins related to hypertriglyceridaemia.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1983

[Congenital generalized cutis laxa].

Congenital cutis laxa is a rare disorder of the elastic tissue in which lax skin gives a premature senile appearance. We report a new case of this disease associated with craniosynostosis. In the literature, the genetics of cutis laxa are not clear. Fleischmajer and Matus (18) considers an inherited autosomal recessive or an incomplete autosomal dominant trait, Mehregan (33) reports an autosomal recessive mode of transmission and Byers (10) an X-linked form. Among these cases, the most serious visceral involvement is the development of pulmonary emphysema. However, in cutis laxa with development retardation, variety of minor injury of the skeleton, the prognosis seems appears to be better.

Cutis Laxa↗
PubMed1982

[Herpes gestationis: immunologic findings].

The treatment of herpes gestationis has been considerably changed in recent years by progress in electron microscopy and immunology. Herpes gestationis, a rare polymorphic vesiculo-bullous pruriginous dermatosis, occurs during pregnancy or the post-partum period. It evolves by acute periods of several weeks, and relapses during later pregnancies or on taking oestro-progestagens. Histologically, the bulla is situated at the dermo-epidermic junction. The epidermal oedema is both intra and extra-cellular. The ultrastructural studies show the importance of the oedema and the changes in the plasma membrane of the basal cells in the onset of the vesicles and the bullae. The immunological inquiry gives diagnostic certainly when one discovers under indirect immuno-fluorescence, a specific serum factor, the herpes gestationis factor. These ultrastructural and immunological data suggest a relationship between herpes gestationis and bullous pemphigus (Lever's disease). In treatment, the possible pathogenic role of prolactin suggests the use of bromocriptin during the postpartum period. The efficacy and innocuity of vitamin B6 make corticosteroids rarely necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Cutaneous lesions due to lithium therapy (author's transl)].

We report two cases with adverse cutaneous reactions under lithium medication for manic-depressive disease. The first patient developed follicular keratosis, psoriasiform plaques and seborrheic dermatosis, the second only sclerotic plaques. Cutaneous side-effects that have been associated with lithium therapy include: acneiform eruption, pruritus, maculopapular eruptions, folliculitis, pretibial ulcerations, alopecia...and exacerbation of psoriasis. The exact pathophysiologic mechanism by which lithium induced cutaneous pathology is not completely understood. The various physiologic actions seem to be incomplete in substitution for other extracellular and intracellular cations and interference with cyclic adenosine monophosphate mediated processes.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1981

Comparative study of four HDL-cholesterol assay methods.

Four methods for HDL-cholesterol assay are compared using the plasma of 119 subjects. Results for the entire population and for subgroups defined by triglyceridemia and cholesterolemia levels are determined. The methods used are: ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis, dextran sulfate precipitation, and concanavalin A precipitation. The results indicate that ultracentrifugation and electrophoresis are not easily adapted to routine work, require large investments and do not separate the lipoproteins according to physiopathological criteria. The HDL values obtained with the different methods show significant differences, even though the correlations between the methods are highly significant. The precipitation methods are easiest to perform; however, the HDL-cholesterol values from dextran sulfate precipitation are higher than those from concanavalin A precipitation. The authors discuss the best choice for determining the atherogenic risks of hyperlipoproteinemia in clinical practice.

Blood Protein Electrophoresis↗
PubMed1981

Correlations between the apoprotein C composition of very-low-density lipoproteins and triglyceridemia in subjects with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia.

The protein composition of apoprotein C regarding peptides CII, CIII1, and CIII2 has been studied in VLDLs in 59 normal or hypertriglyceridemic subjects. The percentages of the peptides found in each subject were correlated with serum triacylglycerol levels. There are very good correlations between the proportion of VLDL apo CII and triglyceridemia (r = -0.63) and between the proportion of CII1 and triglyceridemia (r = 0.66). The proportion of apo CII decreases as triacylglycerol level increases, whereas the proportion of apo CII1 increases under the same conditions. The percentage of apo CII2 varies in the same way as does apo CII, but to a lesser degree. The apo CII/CIII1 and apo CIII2/CIII1 ratios decrease as triglyceridemia increases. In contrast, the apo CII/CIII2 radio, though reduced, is not significantly modified. Mechanisms are reviewed that could lead to changes in apoprotein C in subjects with hyperlipoproteinemia, and the possible relationship with lipoprotein lipase activity is discussed.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1980

[One year fenofibrate treatment of type II primary hyperlipidaemia. Effects on lipoproteins and biological tolerance (author's transl)].

The study involved 18 patients aged from 17 to 71 years with idiopathic type IIa hypercholesterolaemia and 10 patients aged from 34 to 67 years with type IIb mixed hyperlipidaemia (HLP). During a first period of at least 3 months, the patients were established on a diet adapted to each type of HLP. Fenofibrate in daily doses of 5 mg/kg bodyweight was then added to the dietetic regimen. The effectiveness of the drug was assessed after 6 months and 1 year. In type IIa HLP patients LDL-cholesterol decreased by 29-30%. In type IIb HLP patients there was a decrease of 45-70% in VLDL-cholesterol of 12-15% in LDL-cholesterol and of 38-61% in VLDL-triglycerides. HDL levels measured before treatment were slightly higher than those reported in the literature and were not significantly modified by fenofibrate, except for HDL-triglycerides in type IIa patients after 12 months' treatment. As in all previous studies on lipoprotein fractions, the decrease in VL-DL-cholesterol was not accompanied by an increase in LDL-cholesterol. Fenofibrate was well tolerated, both clinically and biologically. There were no changes in serum bilirubin levels. Alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly reduced but remained within physiological values. A slight increase in mean transaminase levels due to a transient rise in 4 patients was observed after 3 and 65 months' treatment. Routine measurements of these parameters are advised during long-term fenofibrate treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Determination of the K2 lipid clearance coefficient by centrifugation. A comparison with the Gordis test and spectrophotometric measurement.

The K2 lipid clearance coefficient was calculated for the intravenous fat tolerance test (iv FTT), after estimating triglycerides by spectrophotometry, the Gordis technique or by preparative ultracentrifugation. The best correlation between the K2 values (r = 0.95, p < 0.001) is for the results of the Gordis test and ultracentrifugation. Spectrophotometry shows poorer correlations: r = 0.66 and p < 0.05 with the Gordis test, and r = 0.78 and p < 0.01 with ultracentrifugation. Spectrophotometry is only suitable for detection but the two other techniques can be applied to more detailed studies. Ultracentrifugation is faster, less laborious and less liable to error.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1980

[The Leser-Trélat symptom: report of two cases (author's transl)].

The sudden occurrence and rapid increase in size and number of seborrheic keratoses is considered to be a symptom of internal malignancy. But many authors did not fully agree with this finding. We report two cases respectively associated, the first with a mycosis fongoides, the second with a bronchial squamous cell carcinoma. These observations are compared with thin cases previously published in the dermatological literature (13 patients). According to Dantzig the commonest associated malignancy is an adenocarcinoma, and the most frequent site the stomach. But there are also report of acute leukemia, mycosis fongoides, Sézary and lymphocytic lymphoma. The mechanism of the simultaneous growth of the lesions remains unknown and may be purely coincidental. Other case reports and several criteria still to be defined are needed before we accept this symptom as a malignancy marker.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

[Isolated infiltrated cutaneous nodule revealing acute leukaemia (author's transl)].

The authors report on two cases of acute leukemia beginning with an isolated cutaneous lesion. The first case was a form of acute monoblastic leukosis which showed a favourable development following chemotherapeutic treatment, and was still in a state of remission two years later. The second case was a variety of acute monoblastic leukosis which, at the end of eighteen months' chemotherapeutic treatment, led to an unfavourable prognosis. Most interesting by, these reports highlight the mis-leading varieties of acute leukemia with an isolated cutaneous tumour. To make both accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment possible, it is necessary to complement clinical and histological examination with hematologic and cytologic investigation.

Acute Disease↗