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Biomedical subjects

D L Dunner

Publications and source records attributed to D L Dunner.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Toward the validation of RDC schizoaffective disorder.

The Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for schizoaffective disorder were applied to a clinic population of 71 patients with bipolar I disorder. Twenty-five patients were found to meet RDC criteria for schizoaffective disorder. The RDC-positive group were found to be the most psychotic patients and had a younger age at onset and admission to the clinic that the RDC-negative group. They had also had their conditions diagnosed more frequently as schizophrenic by referring physicians. There was no difference, however, between the two groups on many other variables, including clinical, family history, drug response, and laboratory studies. We conclude that our bipolar I population cannot be further subdivided into meaningful clinical entities using the RDC criteria for schizoaffective disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Lithium carbonate and weight gain.

In order to evaluate weight gain in lithium-treated patients., a group of 21 bipolar patients on lithium were compared against a group of 12 bipolar patients on placebo over a 12-month period. During this time both groups exhibited euthymic mood. Eleven of the 21 patients on lithium gained greater than 10 lbs. whereas only 1 placebo patient gained more than 10 lbs. Thirteen of 21 lithium-treated patients showed a gain of 5% total body weight while only 2 of 12 placebo patients showed a gain of 5% total body weight. Both of these results were statistically significant (P less tha 0.05). The findings seem to indicate that weight gain is a direct effect of lithium treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The importance of dietary control in metabolic studies of manic-depressive patients.

Diet control of electrolyte intake appears to diminish day to day variation of urinary electrolyte output. Urine sodium concentration is more affected by diet control than potassium, possibly due to the greater variation in sodium ingestion on uncontrolled diets. The coefficient of variation of urinary sodium excretion on the controlled diet was not significantly greater than the variation in sodium ingestion. These experimental results suggest that controlled diets reduce random variation in sodium and potassium excretion and therefore enhance the possibility of observing illness-related biological changes.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1980

Amino acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid: effects of aging, depression, and probenecid.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amino acid concentrations were measured in six Bipolar I, eight Bipolar II, eight Unipolar, and four other and control patients. All but four were also studied after administration of probenecid. Fourteen amino acids showed significant correlations of concentrations with age of subjects. Significant diagnostic group differences were found for five amino acids; only that of tyrosine persisted after taking subject's age into account. Following probenecid administration, there were statistically significant changes in CSF concentration of several amino acids, but these changes were small and likely indicative of diurnal changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Psychopathology among children of manic-depressive patients.

Twenty-seven individuals with bipolar illness were interviewed concerning their children who were between the ages of 6 and 18 years. The structured interview included items concerning the behavior of the child during the previous year, as well as items concerning events which may have affected the child. Of 49 children, 4 were considered to have an affective disorder and 18 were considered to have an undiagnosed disorder. A child was more likely to have a disorder if the natural parents were divorced. This difference was significant. When the child was living with both natural parents, the presence of a mental illness in the nonproband parent did not increase the likelihood of illness in the child. This difference was significant. The presence of illness in the child did not seem to be related to the severity of bipolar illness in the proband parent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Psychosis as a predictor of response to lithium maintenance treatment in bipolar affective disorder.

Sixty-six bipolar I lithium clinic patients were studied for a history of psychotic symptoms at some time during the course of their illness. Agreement between different sources of information was calculated, and the patient population was divided into psychotic and non-psychotic subgroups. Probability of remaining well on lithium for the different subgroups was analyzed by the life table method. Psychosis during mania appeared to be associated with especially good early lithium prophylaxis.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1979

The relationship of family history of alcoholism to primary affective disorder.

One hundred sixty-eight patients with primary affective disorder were studied regarding history of alcohol-related problems. Alcohol-related problems were identified in 19 patients. We found that the morbid risk for alcoholism was significantly increased among relatives of male patients with drinking problems as compared to relatives of male patients without drinking problems. Our data suggest that psychiatric illness in relatives of probands with severe bipolar illness tends to be affective disorder tends to include alcoholism plus affective disorder.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1979

Repression and reactivation of lithium efflux from erythrocytes.

Efflux of lithium from human erythrocytes was studied in patients before, during, and after discontinuation of administration of lithium carbonate. Onset of lithium-induced repression of efflux took approximately 10 days and was significantly shorter in patients who had had lithium therapy previously. Reactivation took a longer period of time--approximately 2 week--and was found to be related to duration of lithium therapy. Theoretical pathways of lithium flow through membranes are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Personality features of patients with primary affective disorder.

Personality variables were assessed in outpatients with primary affective disorder by use of the Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI) and the Marke Nyman Temperament Scale (MNTS). Significant differences between diagnostic groups were initially noted for the extraversion and neuroticism scales of the MPI. However, when mood was more rigorously controlled for, these differences largely disappeared, while interdiagnostic differences for the solidity scale of the MNTS emerged. The findings suggest that these measured aspects of personality may be quite state (mood) dependent even when patients are given test instructions previously reported to minimize mood effects. This was born out in a follow-up study for the N scale, but not the E scale, of the MPI. These data indicate that assessment of neuroticism in affectively ill patients will be contaminated by the presence of even mild depressive symptoms, a finding that has important implications for studies of personality in affective disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Unipolar mania: a distinct clinical entity?

Of the 241 lithium clinic patients at the New York State Psychiatric Institute with bipolar I affective disorder, 38 (15.7%) had never been hospitalized or somatically treated for depression. These "unipolar manic" patients had a significantly lower incidence of rapid cycling and suicide attempts than other bipolar I patients. No differences were found, however, in risk of illness in first-degree relatives. Lithium was an effective prophylactic agent in these patients. Some patients originally classified as "unipolar manic" were found to have depressive episodes with additional information and clinical observation. "Unipolar mania" appears to be a subgroup of bipolar I illness, but there are no data to support the hypothesis that it is a separate entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cardiac sinus node dysfunction during lithium treatment.

Lithium treatment has been associated with a wide range of cardiac complications. The authors report three additional cases of cardiac sinus node dysfunction due to lithium. Two of the three cases were documented to be lithium dependent by the use of Holter monitoring of cardiac rhythm. On the basis of this finding as well as other reports in the literature the authors recommend careful monitoring of the pulse of patients taking lithium as well as ECG monitoring of patients who are over the age of 50 or who have a history of cardiac disease.

Aged↗