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Biomedical subjects

D Kunze

Publications and source records attributed to D Kunze.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Phospholipid composition and fatty acid patterns of isolated phospholipids from rabbit reticulocyte mitochondria].

The phospholipid composition and fatty acid patterns of individual phospholipid classes were determined in mitochondria from rabbit reticulocytes. Compared to mitochondria from rat liver reticulocyte, mitochondria exhibit about twice the amount of phospholipids. The phospholipid pattern of reticulocyte mitochondria (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and cardiolipin) is comparable with other mitochondrial species. Mitochondrial fractions from reticulocytes are characterized, however, by an additional content of sphingomyelin. This sphingomyelin differs in its fatty acid composition from the sphingomyelin of the plasma membrane. The fatty acid patterns of all other phospholipids essentially correspond to those of mitochondria from other sources and to those of plasma membranes as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Chloride distribution in Aplysia neurones.

1. The intracellular Cl(-) concentration (Cl(i)) and the membrane potential (E(m)) were measured in the medial pleural neurones of Aplysia under various experimental conditions designed to determine the Cl(-) conductance of the neurones and investigate the possibility of an active Cl(-) transport.2. The magnitude of the Cl(-) conductance of the cell depends on the experimental conditions.3. In normal sea water, large changes of E(m) produced by passing current across the cell membrane caused no change of Cl(i), suggesting that the Cl(-) conductance was low. Similarly, moderate changes of E(Cl) produced by decreasing Cl(o) or increasing Cl(i) had little or no effect on E(m).4. A high Cl(-) conductance was observed in high K(o) or very low Cl(o). It was greatly reduced if the external Ca(2+) was replaced by Co(2+), or in the presence of tubocurarine, or if the experiment was performed on an isolated cell soma. The high Cl(-) conductance is therefore attributed to the release of ACh and perhaps other transmitters from synaptic terminals.5. High concentrations of tetraethylammonium ions or procaine induced a depolarization of the cell, but a decrease of Cl(i). The rate of fall of Cl(i) was increased by lowering external K(+) or raising external Ca(2+), and was decreased by replacing external Ca(2+) by Co(2+).6. NH(4) (+) ions applied externally had effects similar to those of K(+) ions. In situations in which intracellular NH(4) (+) might be increased a fall in Cl(i) was observed.7. The changes of Cl(i) caused by TEA, procaine, or internal NH(4) (+) occur against the driving force for passive Cl(-) movements. They are still observed in isolated cell bodies, and cannot be attributed to the activation of synaptic channels.8. Some interpretations of these anomalous Cl(-) movements are discussed which could also account for the difference between E(Cl) and E(m) observed under normal conditions.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

[Leukocyte lipids in mature cell leukemia].

The total lipid content and the lipid pattern of normal and leukemic leukocytes showed no significant difference except the fact, that lymphocytes of chronic lymphatic leukemia have a lower content of triglycerides and sphingomyeline. Lecithin of leukemic lymphocytes contained more palmitinic acid and oleic acid and a lower level of stearic acid than the same fraction in normal lymphocytes. The lipid pattern of normal and leukemic granulocytes was identical.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1976

[Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with myoclonic bodies (Lafora bodies) (author's transl)].

In the present investigation 2 sporadic cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with the occurrence of myoclonic bodies (Lafora bodies) in the CNS are reported. The patients died after about 14 respectively 8 months lasting disease at the age of 41 and 43, respectively under the clinical signs of an ALS. Morphology, staining qualities, and the distribution of the myoclonic bodies in our cases correspond to the adult form of the myoclonic body disease (type Lundborg). In the literature we found further 6 cases of neurogenic muscle atrophy with the occurrence of myoclonic bodies in the CNS so that one might suppose a syntropy of these two affections. The possible pathophysiological relations of neurogenic muscle atrophy to the occurrence of myoclonic body disease in adults are briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[A simple method for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine with the fatty acid substituted in the 2-position].

The preparation of PC with the 14C-fatty acids palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acid at OH-group in position 2 is described. The starting material is egg yolk lecithin. By the attack of snake venom phospholiphase lyso-PC is produced which is reacylated by the appropriate fatty acid anhydride. In comparison with the methods published up to now this preparation has the advantage of higher yields and greater simplicity. By means of in vivo synthesis it is impossible to get PC species with only one fatty acid in a defined position. Working with radioactive fatty acids the specific radioactivity can be adapted to the requirements. The procedure can be made on a semi-technical scale.

Carbon Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1976

[Determination of lipids in serum and erythrocytes during surgery with extracorporeal circulation].

The changes of the lipids in serum and erythrocytes inclusively the fatty acid pattern of the phosphatids were registered at 16 patients of whose congenital heart defects were corrected with extracorporeal circulation. The differently evident changes of the lipid fractions are to relate to heparinization, hemodilution and injury of erythrocytes which is increasing in the duration of perfusion. They are discussed in their importance for clinical essential phenomenous as disturbances of the coagulation or hemolysis. From these preliminary studies is to conclude that the substitution of phosphatids is necessary at the end of or after the extracorporeal circulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Fatty acid pattern of lipids in normal and dystrophic human muscle.

The fatty acid distribution of the main lipid fractions: triglycerides (TG), phosphatidylcholine (PCh), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and sphingomyelin (Sph) of muscle from 6 patients with progressive muscular dystrophy (p.m.d.), Duchenne, 8 to 12 years old was estimated and compared with normal controls of different age. In view of the results of several authors about varied fatty acid distribution in immature muscle a third group comprising samples of neonatal muscle was studied. 1. The fatty acid pattern of the lipid fractions TG, Sph, and PE from muscle of patients with p.m.d. shows no important variation in comparison to normal controls. In contrast to this the fatty acid distribution in PCh is extremely varied: the percentage of 18:2 is decreased and corrrespondingly the content of 18:1 is increased. In view of the high percentage (nearly 10%) in which linoleic acid is substituted by oleic acid in PCh, effects on the plasma membrane are to be expected. 2. The fatty acid pattern in neonatal muscle shows in narly all positions of the fractions TG, Sph, PE, and PCh a different distribution from normal or dystrophic muscle. In view of the most important variation in dystrophic muscle it must be stated that generally 18:2 is decreased. This deficit was replaced by an increase of all other fatty acids (not only at a substitution by 18:1 as given in p.m.d.). Therefore the diminished content of linoleic acid in PCh of neonatal and dystrophic muscle cannot be interpreted as expression of a corresponding or similar lipid metabolism in both tissues. The results were seen as signs of significant qualitative alterations especially of PCh in p.m.d. They were discussed as proof of our thesis that the basic defect in p.m.d. concerns the specific acylation of PCh with linoleic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Phosphatidylcholine transfer between liposomes and mitochondria. Testing system for the study of specific phospholipid exchange].

A system consisting of liposomes and mitochondria for studying the exchange of specific phospholipids is described. The liposomes were prepared from phosphatidylcholine labelled with 14C-palmitic acid. The transfer of liposomes to the mitochondria is specifically stimulated 2- to 3fold by the pH 5.1 supernatant, and proceeds in a linear fashion for 90 min.

Animals↗