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Biomedical subjects

D Koischwitz

Publications and source records attributed to D Koischwitz.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Optimation of the dose geometry during irradiation of the para-aortic lymph nodes with 42 MeV photons (author's transl)].

Different irradiation techniques for therapy of para-aortic lymph nodes are compared using fixed or pendulous fields of photons with the energy 42 MeV from a 42 MeV betatron. The techniques are estimated considering the load to the radio-vulnerable contiguous organs, especially to the spinal cord and kidneys. The findings presented, being founded on measurements and on computations resulting therefrom, show that the most satisfying dose distributions are obtained by the Y-shaped three-field technique, by the combination of telecentric-excentric dorso-ventral pendulous irradiation with a ventral irradiation by fixed fields, or be means of a biaxial excentric pendulous irradiation. By examples evidence is given of the possibility of delivering a focal dose of 6000 rd or more to the tissue within a large-sized target volume, whilst the radiation load to the contiguous radiosensitive organs, i.e. spinal cord and kidneys, does not exceed the tolerance dose.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1977

[Corrosive lesions of the upper intestinal tract in gastrectomized patients (author's transl)].

Lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract caused by acid or alkaline solutions are generally limited to the esophagus and the stomach, because of physiological blocking mechanisms. In patients partially gastrectomized noxious solutions however can enter into lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract and cause severe lesions. Among 74 patients observed with corrosive lesions of the gastrointestinal tract two had undergone partial gastrectomy (Billroth II) previously. In these 2 patients very severe lesions of the intestinal mucosa were initiated; one of these patients died in spite of two resections of parts of the small intestine after massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage. These additional complications have to be foreseen in gastrectomized patients with corrosive lesions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Ultrasound diagnosis of the liver and gallbladder (author's transl)].

Ultrasound echography has proved a non-invasive, reproducible, harmless and, for the patient, not burdensome technique for the diagnosis of diseases of the liver and bile ducts in the right upper abdomen. Diffuse changes of the organs and disease of the bile ducts as well as cystic or tumorous solid changes in the upper abdomen are the main spheres of sonography. The use of "grey value" techniques has increased the efficiency of compound ultrasound examinations. We can expect further improvements with digital computerised evaluation of signals.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1976

[The multiplicity of radiological findings in pulmonary hamartomas (author's transl)].

Difficulties in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary hamartomas are illustrated on the basis of 19 patients with this condition, and with reference to the radiological literature. All the patients in the present series were treated surgically, either because a mistaken diagnosis of a bronchial carcinoma had been made, or because a carcinoma could not be excluded with sufficient certainty. In several cases the patient requested removal of the tumour in order to clarify the diagnosis after several years without symptoms. Pulmonary hamartomas do not always show the appearances described as typical; atypical appearances occur and were rather frequent in our material, amounting to 25%. Despite various difficulties, it is occasionally possible to put an hamartoma first in the differential diagnosis of a lung tumour, particularly if there are no clinical features to suggest malignancy. A definitive diagnosis can be made only by histology after removal of the tumour.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Ultrasound examination in obstructive biliary disease (author's transl)].

Ultrasound examination with a two-dimensional recording technique has proved increasingly useful in obstructive biliary disease and in abnormalities of the liver parenchyma causing a reduction in biliary contrast excretion. In particular, hydrops of the gall bladder, cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis and choledocholithiasis can be demonstrated where there is biliary obstruction. Analysis of various planes of section is particularly useful in showing obstruction due to the head of the pancreas. The introduction of grey scale techniques and focussed transducers of various frequencies and sizes, suggests that there will be further improvements in the sonographic diagnosis of the hilum of the liver and of the intrahepatic biliary passages.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[The manifestations of regional enteritis (Crohn's disease) in the stomach and duodenum (author's transl)].

Involvement of the stomach and duodenum is relatively rare, but produces distrinct radiological changes. In the stomach the antrum and pyloric portion are affected most frequently. Simultaneous involvement of the duodenum is common. Typical radiological changes consist of funnelshaped narrowing of the antrum, decreased motility of the wall of the stomach, cobblestone mucosa with flat ulcers, deformity of the pylorus and first part of the duodenum and stenosing lesions of the duodenum. If the gastro-duodenal changes occur together with the typical appearances in the jejunum, ileum and colon, then the diagnosis can be made by radiology alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Load to the lung and spinal cord in the treatment of exophageal carcinoma using telecentric-excentric pendulous 42 MeV betatron irradiation].

Based on measurements with the Alderson phantom as well as on computerized calculations derived from these measurements, a comparison is made between the loads to the lung and spinal cord during irradiation of the esophageal carcinoma by pendulous or fixed fields using photons with an energy of 42 MeV from a 42-MeV-betatron. The optimal dose distribution according to the isodose patterns presented is obtained by means of a combined irradiation technique using ventral fixed fields and telecentric-excentric pendulous irradiation under consideration of equal shares for the focal dose. This method is more appropriate than the other radiation techniques considered for saving the sound tissues concerned i.e. lung and spinal cord and nevertheless administering the necessary cancerocid dose to the tumor and the regionary lymph nodes.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1975

[Radiologic diagnosis of secondaries of tumors of the testicle (author's transl)].

For the radiologic diagnosis of secondaries of testicular tumors we use conventional plain films of chest and abdomen, IVP or infusion urography, tomography of the retroperitoneal space with or without contrast media and, according to the suspected site of metastases, further special radiologic techniques like lymphography, cavography, azygography, venography of the lumbar vein or, occasionally, aortography. The techniques are described, their value and limits discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Examination of the organs in the upper abdomen with ultra sound (author's transl)].

Ultrasonography is a harmless reproducibel technique with its own specific indications, an established part of clinical diagnosis in obstetrics, gynecology, ophthalmology, neurology and cardiology. Investigations on the organs of the upper abdomen have greatly extended the indications. Interpreting the sonograms requires experience in providing and evaluating the picture. In part I of this paper normal ultrasonic findings on liver, pancreas, spleen and kidneys are shown and explained on thebasis of the physical characteristics of ultrasound techniques and the various ultrasoundtopographic data. This echographic normal anatomy of the organs mentioned enables us to understand pathologic changes shown in part II. An attempt is also made to allocate and evaluate ultrasonography among other diagnostic techniques.

Humans↗