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Biomedical subjects

D King

Publications and source records attributed to D King.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Comparative evaluation of PathoDx Strep A test and culture for the detection of group A streptococci in pharyngeal specimens.

The PathoDx Strep A kit, a 10-min acid extraction and latex agglutination test, was compared with routine culture for the direct detection of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (BHS) in 414 pharyngeal specimens collected from children with pharyngitis. The results showed that the latex test compared favorably with culture for detecting group A BHS in pharyngeal specimens (sensitivity 96.7%, specificity 97.9%, and positive and negative predictive values of 97.2% and 97.4%, respectively). The comparable number of false-positive (five) and false-negative (six) latex tests along with review of patient histories suggest that these discrepant results were attributable to sampling error during specimen procurement rather than deficiencies in the latex kit. In addition, clear-cut, agglutination reactions were obtained in over 96% of positive latex tests regardless of the amount of group A BHS that was recovered by culture. The PathoDx Strep A test is a rapid, reliable noncultural alternative for the detection of group A BHS in pharyngeal specimens.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1986

Polymorphism in an androgen-regulated mouse gene is the result of the insertion of a B1 repetitive element into the transcription unit.

The single-copy RP2 gene in mice produces three major mRNAs, the abundances of which are significantly increased in the kidneys by the administration of testosterone. S1 nuclease analysis of the kidney mRNAs indicated that they differ in the lengths of their 3' untranslated regions as a result of the use of different polyadenylation sites. When the mRNAs from different inbred mouse strains were examined by Northern blot analysis, it was observed that the largest mRNA varies in size, whereas the sizes of the other mRNAs remain the same. In DBA/LiHa and DBA/2J mice, the largest mRNA is approximately 2,150 nucleotides long, whereas the corresponding mRNA in C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ mice is only 1,950 nucleotides in length. All of these strains also have RP2 mRNAs that are 1,450 and 1,350 nucleotides long. By S1 nuclease mapping and comparison of the sequence of cDNA clones representing these mRNAs in DBA/LiHa and C57BL/6J mice, we determined that this size difference or polymorphism observed in the largest mRNA is the result of the insertion of a member of the B1 family of repeats into the 3' untranslated region of the RP2 gene in DBA mice. This particular B1 repeat is transcribed by RNA polymerase III in vitro, and its transcriptional orientation is opposite to that of the RP2 transcript. The polymorphism described here is evidence for the mobility of B1 repetitive elements within the genome.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as emergency treatment for life-threatening acute severe asthma.

We report a case of acute severe asthma that was resistant to full medical treatment, mechanical ventilation and halothane inhalation. Because a fatal outcome appeared likely extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, involving partial cardiac bypass, using femoral artery and femoral vein cannulation was instituted as an urgent measure. The patient then made a satisfactory recovery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Elder abuse.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Androgen regulation of MAK mRNAs in mouse kidney.

Androgen-regulated changes in the abundance of two mRNAs in mouse kidney have been studied with the aid of a cDNA clone. The clone was isolated from a library prepared using poly(A+) RNA from kidneys of androgen-induced mice and is designated MAK-I. Unique DNA sequence from MAK-I hybridizes to multiple RNAs which are approximately 1600 and 2200 nucleotides long, and Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA suggests that there is a single gene from which the RNAs are transcribed. When the MAK RNAs are isolated by hybrid selection and translated in a cell-free system, one polypeptide of 42,000 daltons is obtained. The transcripts, in combination, comprise approximately 0.2% of poly(A+) RNA in the kidneys of male mice. Following treatment with testosterone, this level increases 3-fold. The uninduced level of MAK mRNA in female kidneys is half of that exhibited by males and is increased 8-fold by testosterone. The mRNAs are also present and their abundance is hormonally controlled in the liver. Levels of MAK RNA detected in submaxillary gland, heart, brain, muscle, and testes are unaffected by testosterone treatment. Differences in the relative amounts of the different sized mRNAs are observed for several tissues. In addition, brain and muscle contain an intermediate sized mRNA instead of the smaller one seen in other tissues. Functional androgen receptor is required for expression of MAK RNA in kidney as shown by reduced levels in Tfm mice. Hormones produced by or controlled by the pituitary gland do not appear to be involved in the regulation of MAK RNA levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Renal cell carcinoma arising in a multicystic dysplastic kidney.

Surgical management of the patient with a multicystic dysplastic kidney is a subject of major controversy. Significant improvement in diagnostic techniques has persuaded many clinicians to advocate nonoperative management. The malignant potential of cystic renal dysplasia remains undefined.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Energy expenditure during front crawl swimming: predicting success in middle-distance events.

Male (n = 25) and female (n = 14) competitive swimmers were studied during tethered (breaststroke) and free (front crawl) swimming to determine the validity of calculating exercise oxygen uptake (VO2) from expired gas samples taken immediately after the activity. Based on a single 20-s recovery VO2, the swimmers' VO2 max was correlated with performance in a 400-yd (365.8-m) front crawl swim. The best predictors of VO2 max for trained swimmers were lean body weight and stroke index (r = 0.97). The single best predictor of performance in the 365.8-m front crawl swim was the distance per stroke (r = 0.88), whereas the combination of distance per stroke and VO2 max (ml/kg LBW/min) correlated 0.97 with performance in the swim. This study demonstrates that it is possible to accurately determine the VO2 during maximal and submaximal swimming using a single, 20-s expired gas collection taken immediately after a 4-7 min swim. These findings demonstrate the importance of stroke technique on the energy cost and variations in performance during competitive swimming.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The nosologic status of borderline personality: clinical and polysomnographic study.

The REM latencies of 24 nonschizotypal borderline outpatients--who were not in the midst of a major depressive episode--were in the range of those of 30 patients with primary major depression but were significantly shorter than those of 16 patients with nonborderline personality disorders and 14 nonpsychiatric controls. Also, more of the borderline subjects had lifetime diagnoses of affective disorder, such as dysthymic, cyclothymic, and bipolar II disorder, and of a spectrum of anxiety and somatization disorders. The authors conclude that contemporary operational criteria for borderline disorder identify a wide net of temperamental disorders with strong affective coloring rather than a unitary nosologic entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

An objective sequential compression test to evaluate the patency of the radial and ulnar arteries.

The effect of sequential compression of the radial and ulnar artery on finger pulse volume oscillations was recorded by photoplethysmography. The effect of the compression was studied in 25 control subjects and 15 patients with angiographically documented obstructions of the radial or ulnar artery. Under normal conditions a reduction of oscillations by 35% was observed in the first, third, and fifth finger. On the other hand, an obstruction of the radial or ulnar artery results in a significant reduction or even disappearance of oscillations if the unobstructed artery is compressed. It is concluded that this test offers objective evaluation and documentation of the patency condition of the major arteries supplying the hand circulation.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1984

Methylmercuric iodide modification of lipoxygenase-1. Effects on the anaerobic reaction and pigment bleaching.

The effect of methylmercuric iodide modification of sulfhydryl groups in soybean lipoxygenase-1 on linoleate oxidation, carbonyl production and beta-carotene and chlorophyll alpha bleaching were determined under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Linoleate oxidation at pH 9.0 was strongly inhibited by modification of the enzyme. On the other hand, pigment bleaching was enhanced with the modified enzyme. Unmodified lipoxygenase-1 was not sensitive to chlorophyll inhibition, but activity of modified lipoxygenase-1 was affected. Linoleate oxidation was inhibited up to 70% when 2.2 microM chlorophyll was present in the reaction mixture. Chlorophyll inhibition was similar with affinity chromatography-purified lipoxygenase-2 and modified lipoxygenase-1. Unmodified lipoxygenase-1 exhibited high bleaching activity under anaerobic conditions and relatively low activity under aerobic (oxygen or air) conditions. Modified lipoxygenase-1 showed a significant increase in carotene and chlorophyll bleaching under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Under anaerobic conditions in the presence of either pigment, both modified and unmodified lipoxygenase-1 exhibited high 285 nm absorbing material production. Antioxidants (butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, alpha-tocopherol, propyl gallate and tertiary butylated hydroxyquinone ) were powerful inhibitors of pigment bleaching by modified lipoxygenase-1. However, only tertiary butylated hydroxyquinone and propyl gallate blocked the increase in the rate of absorbance at 285 nm.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1984

Chronic depressions. Part 2. Sleep EEG differentiation of primary dysthymic disorders from anxious depressions.

In this clinical, psychometric and polysomnographic study, primary dysthymics (N = 20) were compared with anxious depressives (N = 22), and non-psychiatric controls (N = 11). Beck and MMPI depression scores were similar in the two affective groups. Prominent insomnia occurred in 82% of the anxious group; hypersomnia was more characteristic of the dysthymic group. On night 1, the anxious group had the poorest sleep efficiency (P less than 0.001), while dysthymics had the highest REM% (P less than 0.05) and shortest REM latency (P less than 0.01). On night 2, differences tended to be minimized, although the number of awakenings was still high (P less than 0.05) in the anxious group, and REM% was highest (P less than 0.01) and REM latency shortest (P less than 0.01) in the dysthymics. These findings suggest that patients with primary anxiety disorders experience greater sleep continuity difficulties on the adaptation night. Despite significant clinical overlap in depressive symptomatology between the two groups, REM% and REM latency appear as sturdy psychophysiological markers in differentiating primary dysthymics and anxious depressives on both nights. These data suggest that distinct anxious depressive and subaffective dysthymic subtypes can be distinguished within the universe of the atypical depressions.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Visualization of drug-nucleic acid interactions at atomic resolution. IX. Structures of two N,N-dimethylproflavine: 5-iodocytidylyl (3'-5') guanosine crystalline complexes.

This paper describes two complexes containing N,N-dimethylproflavine and the dinucleoside monophosphate, 5-iodocytidylyl (3'-5') guanosine (iodoCpG). The first complex is triclinic, space group P1, with unit cell dimensions a = 11.78 A, b = 14.55 A, c = 15.50 A, alpha = 89.2 degrees, beta = 86.2 degrees, gamma = 96.4 degrees. The second complex is monoclinic, space group P21, with a = 14.20 A. b = 19.00 A, c = 20.73 A, beta = 103.6 degrees. Both structures have been solved to atomic resolution and refined by Fourier and least squares methods. The first structure has been refined anisotropically to a residual of 0.09 on 5,025 observed reflections using block diagonal least squares, while the second structure has been refined anisotropically to a residual of 0.13 on 2,888 reflections with full matrix least squares. The asymmetric unit in both structures contains two dimethylproflavine molecules and two iodoCpG molecules; the first structure has 16 water molecules (a total of 134 non-hydrogen atoms), while the second structure has 18 water molecules (a total of 136 non-hydrogen atoms). Both structures demonstrate intercalation of dimethylproflavine between base-paired iodoCpG dimers. In addition, dimethylproflavine molecules stack on either side of the intercalated duplex, being related by a unit cell translation along b and a axes, respectively. The basic structural feature of the sugar-phosphate chains accompanying dimethylproflavine intercalation in both structures is the mixed sugar puckering pattern: C3' endo (3'-5') C2' endo. This same structural information is again demonstrated in the accompanying paper, which describes a complex containing dimethylproflavine with deoxyribo-CpG. Similar information has already appeared for other "simple" intercalators such as ethidium, acridine orange, ellipticine, 9-aminoacridine, N-methyl-tetramethylphenanthrolinium and terpyridine platinum. "Complex" intercalators, however, such as proflavine and daunomycin, have given different structural information in model studies. We discuss the possible reasons for these differences in this paper and in the accompanying paper.

Acridines↗