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Biomedical subjects

D Jovanovic

Publications and source records attributed to D Jovanovic.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Trichomonas in pleural effusion.

Numerous living trichomonads were seen in a parapneumonic pleural effusion, in a patient who was at risk of aspiration pneumonia because of acute alcoholism. Of all the drugs administered, metronidazole had the most favourable therapeutic effect. However, decortication was necessary for the successful outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Effects of captopril and hydralazine on progression of adriamycin nephropathy in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The effects of captopril and hydralazine on morphologic changes and clinical course of adriamycin nephropathy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were examined. The rats were followed for 18 weeks after adriamycin injections. At week 1 they were randomly assigned to receive no antihypertensive treatment, captopril 60 mg/kg per day or hydralazine 6 mg/kg per day. A control group of SHR not treated with adriamycin was also included in the study. Both antihypertensive agents normalized systemic blood pressure, but failed to prevent proteinuria, mesangial expansion and renal failure progression. At the end of the study all adriamycin-treated groups had the same degree of renal failure irrespective of whether blood pressure was well controlled with captopril or hydralazine or whether hypertension persisted. Nevertheless, antihypertensive therapy slowed down renal function deterioration in the early stage of adriamycin nephropathy. Treatment with captopril also reduced the development of glomerular sclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Advantage of post-radiotherapy chemotherapy with CCNU, procarbazine, and vincristine (mPCV) over chemotherapy with VM-26 and CCNU for malignant gliomas.

Between 1981 and 1987, 133 patients with anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) or glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) were treated with surgery and post-operative radiotherapy. 36 AA and 31 GBM patients were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of CCNU 100 mg/m2 day 1, procarbazine 60 mg/m2 days 1-14, and vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 (max. 2 mg) days 1 and 8, every 6 weeks which we called a "modified PCV" (mPCV) regimen. 37 AA and 29 GBM patients were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of VM-26 75 mg/m2 days 1 and 2, and CCNU 60 mg/m2 days 3 and 4, every 6 weeks. Prognostic covariates such as patient's age, Karnofsky performance status score and the extent of surgery were balanced between the two treatment groups. The time to tumor progression and survival time for both regimens show that mPCV produces a two-fold increase in these factors at the 50th and 25th percentile for AA patients, but not for GBM patients, although there are more long-term GBM survivors with mPCV than with the VM-26 + CCNU regimen.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Belgrade virus: a new hantavirus causing severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Yugoslavia.

Two biologically and genetically distinct hantaviruses were isolated from blood and urine specimens collected from four Yugoslavian patients with clinically severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Viral isolates from three patients, designated strains Belgrade 1-3, were distinct from Hantaan, Seoul, Puumala, and Prospect Hill viruses as determined by plaque-reduction neutralization tests and restriction analysis of enzymatically amplified M-segment fragments. The fourth isolate, called Kraljevo, was indistinguishable from Hantaan virus. Strains Belgrade 1 and 2, like the Kraljevo strain, caused a fatal meningoencephalitis in newborn mice inoculated with 100 pfu of virus intracerebrally and intraperitoneally. Strain Belgrade 3 was much less neurovirulent, requiring 30,000 pfu of virus to cause fatal disease in mice. These data indicate that two distinct hantaviruses, one of which constitutes a new serotype, cause clinically severe HFRS in Yugoslavia.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Oral forms of the oxime HI-6: a study of pharmacokinetics and tolerance after administration to healthy volunteers.

New pharmaceutical formulations of the oxime HI-6 as sustained-release and conventional tablets were studied in healthy volunteers. Twenty-six subjects, divided into 3 groups, received 3784 mg or 7568 mg doses of HI-6 conventional tablets or 4027 mg of the oxime in the form of sustained-release tablets. Peak plasma concentrations of HI-6 were reached within 0.6 h (10.2 mumol/l) and 1.6 h (21.4 mumol/l) following the ingestion of conventional tablets. Elimination half-lives were similar (1.7 h and 1.3 h) and the respective urinary recoveries amounted to 3.2% and 2.9%. After the administration of sustained-release tablets of HI-6, maximal concentration (8.8 mumol/l) was attained in 2.2 h, elimination half-life was 1.9 h and 4.2% of the dose was excreted unchanged in urine. Undesirable side effects were not reported by the subjects or revealed by clinical or laboratory tests. The results indicate low bioavailability of the oral formulations of HI-6 in man.

Absorption↗
PubMed1982

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of new multivalent pneumococcal vaccines.

In a study conducted in two phases at one month's interval, 22 healthy adult volunteers received a tetravalent (1, 3, 4, 12F) polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine; 21 other subjects received another tetravalent (14, 18C, 19F, 23F) vaccine and 25 received a pentadecavalent vaccine (1, 3, 4, 6A, 7F, 8, 9N, 11A, 12F, 14, 15F, 18C, 19F, 23F). Placebo was given under single blind conditions to eleven subjects in the first phase of the study and to 24 subjects in the second phase of the study. The vaccines were well tolerated giving rise to transient local reactions in a small proportion of subjects. Results obtained indicate that all 15 polysaccharides are satisfactorily immunogenic. Results so far obtained can be described as encouraging. Further studies to investigate the reactogenicity and immungenicity of multivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines with a greater number of serotypes are under way.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Recombinants of influenza virus type B as potential live vaccine candidates: RNA characterization and evaluation in man.

Two recombinants (R22 and R75) of the attenuated B/USSR/69 strain Bright and the virulent B/Hong Kong/5/72 and one recombinant (R5) of Bright and the virulent B/Hong Kong /8/73 were selected for genotypic and phenotypic caracterization. All three recombinants had the growth property of the attenuated parent Brigit. Analysis of their RNA's by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that, the strains R22 and R75 had derived all their genes from Brigit, those coding for haemagglutinin excepted. These recombinants were clinically evaluated and found to be attenuated and immunogenic. The recombinant R5 which derived, besides the bene coding for the haemagglutinin, several other genes from B/Hong Kong/8/73 was only partly attenuated since it induced influenza-like symptoms in one out of three volunteers. It is concluded that the strain Brigit can be used as a donor of genes for the attenuation of the B/Hong Kong/5/72 virus and that recombinants of influenza type B can be identified, like influenza type A recombinants, by their RNA pattern.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1979

Genotypic characterization and clinical evaluation of an influenza A/Texas/1/77 (H3N2)-like recombinant: RIT 4199.

The RIT 4199 (H3N2) strain was obtained by recombination of PR/8/34 (H0N1) and A/Alaska/5/77 (H3N2) isolates. Its genetic composition was determined by RNA-RNA hybridization and by identification by gel electrophoresis of the double-standard RNA formed. The RIT 4199 was inoculated intranasally to 27 seronegative volunteers at a dose of 10(7.3)EID50. The results show that it is suitable for live vaccine strain.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Protective efficacy of live influenza vaccines. Its assessment in field and experimental conditions.

Cost benefit estimates of immunization programs are critically dependent on an accurate and reliable assessment of the protection offered by the vaccines. Consequently, the selection of appropriate parameters of protection becomes an issue of major importance. The protective efficacy of live influenza virus vaccines has been established for several vaccinal strains used in routine immunization. This was established under conditions of natural and artificial exposure to both homologous and heterologous influenza viruses. Reduction in the incidence of specific disease--respiratory illness, confirmed by influenza virus isolation and/or four-fold increase in serum HAI titer, was found to be significant. These data will be discussed in relation to available epidemiological models that have been developed for the evaluation of disease modifying properties of immunoprophylactic agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Correlation between rate of infection and preexisting titer of serum antibody as determined by single radial hemolysis during and epidemic of influenza A/Victoria/3/75.

During an outbreak of infection with wild-type influenza A/Victoria/3/75 virus, a correlation was established between the rate of infection and the preepidemic titer of serum antibody to that virus as measured by the single radial hemolysis technique. Titers of antibody determined by the hemagglutination inhibition method as well as by the single radial hemolysis technique were directly correlated with the rate of infection. By use of the single radial hemolysis technique, the 50% protective titer of antibody was calculated for a population of recipients of live influenza A/Victoria/3/75 virus vaccine.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1978

Determination of meningococcal antibodies by microassay.

A modified microassay procedure, using triphenyltetrazolium chloride as a germination indicator, was compared with a macroassay method proposed by the World Health Organization for determining the level of antibodies before and after immunization with Group A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine. There was excellent agreement between the results obtained by the two methods. The vaccine used appeared to be safe and immunogenic.

Adult↗