Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Jones

Publications and source records attributed to D Jones.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

A numerical taxonomic study of the genus Shigella.

One hundred and two strains representing four species of the genus Shigella and sixty-four strains representing fourteen other genera of the family Enterobacteriaceae were tested for 192 characters based on their morphology, biochemistry and physiology. The data were subjected to a number of numerical analyses. The results (confirmed by the use of overlap statistics) showed that four phenons can be distinguished within the genus shigella. These correspond with the species S. dysenteriae. S. flexneri, S. boydii and S. sonnei. Of the other bacteria studied the Alkalescens-Dispar group was most closely related to the genus Shigella and the need for this group to be studied further is noted. The importance of using computer-based matrices for the routine identification of strains of Shigella and other enterobacteria is discussed. Strains of the genus Providencia clustered separately from the shigellae. Three distinct species were evident within this genus: P. stuartii, O. alcalifaciens and a new Providencia species. The latter can be equated with the 'BG3' group in the DNA-DNA hybridization studies of Brenner et al. (1978).

Phenotype↗
PubMed1982

Changes in identification during adolescence: a personal construct theory approach.

The Role Construct Repertory Grid was administered individually to groups of eight subjects representing the early, mid and late adolescence age ranges. The Mid-Adolescence Group showed significantly greater conceptual distances between ideal-self and actual-self than either of the other groups. Differences between the age groups on self-integration plots and a measure of self-isolation were also observed. Evidence was found of decreasing identification with parents as a function of age.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Distribution of radioactivity in the spinal cord after intracerebroventricular and intravenous injection of radiolabeled opioid peptides in mice.

The rejection of [beta-125I]endorphin and D-[3H]Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide into the lateral ventricles of mice revealed that radioactivity could be transported rapidly via the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) down to the lowest part of the spinal cord. The maximal levels of both compounds in thoracic, lumbar and sacral sections of the spinal cord occurred 10 min after administration, which coincided with the peak antinociceptive action of morphine after i.c.v. administration. When [3H]Leu-enkephalin was administered i.c.v., the level of radioactivity in the spinal cord did not increase with time and these levels in spinal cord were considerably lower than those of either [beta125I]endorphin or D-[3H]Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide. This difference in distribution of these compounds, coupled with the observation that [beta-125I] endorphin and D-[3H]Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide were more stable than [3H]Leu-enkephalin in CSF, suggested that radioactivity in the spinal cord of mice treated with [beta-125I]endorphin or D-[3H]Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide was due to unchanged material. Very low levels of radioactivity were found in brain or spinal cord after i.v. administration of either [beta-125I]endorphin or D-[3H]Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide. This latter observation supports the view that endorphins administered i.c.v. enter the spinal cord directly through CSF rather than reentry from the general circulation. The results presented herein support the hypothesis that the antinociceptive action of morphine in mice as measured by the tail-flick procedure can be mediated via the release of endogenous compound(s) from brain into CSF which are transported to lower sections of the spinal cord where they inhibit the tail-flick response.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1981

A study of pre- and postsurgical transsexuals: MMPI characteristics.

This study examines assessment issues concerning transsexualism through the use of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). The MMPI was administered to 20 transsexuals matched within sex on age and education: five presurgical male-to-females, five postsurgical male-to-females, five presurgical female-to-males, and five postsurgical female-to-males. Mean T scores for each of these four subsamples were examined in comparison to normative groups. Comparisons among the four subsamples showed significant differences in mean raw scores attributable to both sex and surgical status. The most striking of these comparisons indicated that postsurgical subjects had a higher level of psychological adjustment.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Histologic, ultrastructural, and enzymatic measurements of infarct size following coronary artery stenosis and occlusion.

Coronary artery narrowing (CAN), which reduced resting coronary blood flow (BF) by 50%, was induced in 10 conscious dogs and was maintained for 4 hours. Five additional dogs (group 1) with complete coronary artery occlusion were compared to the dogs with CAN. Serum isoenzymes of creatine phosphokinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LD) were monitored hourly in all groups. After 36 hours, samples were obtained for regional myocardial BF, quantitative histology, and quantitative ultrastructural (EM) morphology. Six dogs with CAN had small infarcts (MI) of less than 1 gm and persistent myocardial cell injury (group 2). The other four dogs with CAN has only persistent myocardial cell injury by ultrastructural criteria (group 3). Peak serum CK activities in groups 2 and 3 were similar, as well MI sizes calculated from serum CK and myocardial depletion. MB CK was of diagnostic value in group 1 but not in groups 2 and 3. The ratio of LD 1/LD 2 had diagnostic value in all three groups. MI size by enzyme estimates was consistently higher than planimetered MI size at autopsy in both groups 1 and 2. All three groups had significant amounts of ultrastructural damage outside of histologically demonstrated. MI. These findings suggest that (1) gross and histologic MI size determination of 36 hours after ischemia underestimate extent of damage, and (2) ultrastructural cell changes cause significant release of CK and LD in coronary disease (CAD).

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Association between human tumor colony-forming assay results and response of an individual patient's tumor to chemotherapy.

An in vitro tumor colony-forming assay was utilized to measure the sensitivity of 800 individual patients' tumors to a variety of antineoplastic agents. Thirty-six separate histologic types of cancer were represented. Only 199 of the 800 patients' tumors (25 percent) both formed colonies in vitro and had enough cells in the biopsy or fluid specimen to perform drug sensitivity assays. In 123 instances the drug tested in vitro against the tumor was also used clinically to treat the patient. The clinician caring for the patient did not know the results of the in vitro test. When analyzed in a retrospective manner, the probability of a positive prediction from the assay, given the patient responded clinically, was 0.88. The probability for a negative prediction of the assay given the patient did not respond, was 0.94. Associations of in vitro and in vivo results in the 123 correlations were highly significant (p less than 0.001). We conclude that, as now constituted, the human tumor colony-forming assay can provide useful sensitivity information for only about 25 percent of the general oncology patients. Secondly, a prospective clinical trial of the assay is needed to insure that the assay is indeed predictive of which drug will produce a patient response and that it is not merely an indicator that a particular patient's tumor is highly responsive in vivo.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

Emergence of gentamicin- and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in New York City hospitals.

Gentamicin- and methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus have been isolated from Spring 1979 to the present from many hospitals in New York City. A large proportion of the strains were resistant to the majority of antistaphylococcal antibiotics. The ratio of multiply resistant strains was highest among tetracycline-resistant strains. There were significant differences in phage susceptibility patterns and the resistance spectrum of strains isolated at different hospitals, whereas strains isolated at the same hospital often showed a marked degree of similarity. This suggests multiple origins of gentamicin- and methicillin-resistant strains isolated in New York City.

Bacteriophage Typing↗