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Biomedical subjects

D J Rose

Publications and source records attributed to D J Rose.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Generalizability of the limits of stability test in the evaluation of dynamic balance among older adults.

OBJECTIVE: Reliability of platform posturography tests is essential for the identification and treatment of balance-related disorders. The purposes of this study were to establish the reliability of the limits of stability (LOS) test and to determine the relative variance contributions from identified sources of measurement error. DESIGN: Generalizability theory was used to calculate (1) variance estimates and percentage of variation for the sources of measurement error, and (2) generalizability coefficients. Random effects repeated measures analysis of variance (RM ANOVA) was used to assess consistency of measurements across both days and targets. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-eight community-dwelling older adults with no recent history of falls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Outcome measures derived from the LOS tests included movement velocity (MV), maximum center of gravity (COG) excursion (ME), end point COG excursion (EE), and directional control (DC). RESULTS: Estimated generalizability coefficients for 2 and 3 days of testing ranged from .69 to .91. Relative contributions of the day facet were minimal. The RM ANOVA results indicated that for three of the movement variables, no significant differences in scores were observed across days. CONCLUSIONS: The 75% and 100% LOS tests are reliable tests of dynamic balance when administered to healthy older adults with no recent history of falls. Dynamic balance measures were generally consistent across multiple evaluations.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Novel phosphotransferase-encoding genes revealed by analysis of the Escherichia coli genome: a chimeric gene encoding an Enzyme I homologue that possesses a putative sensory transduction domain.

Two genes (ptsI and ptsA) that encode homologues of the energy coupling Enzyme I of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar-transporting phosphotransferase system (PTS) have previously been identified on the Escherichia coli chromosome. We here report the presence of a third E. coli gene, designated ptsP, that encodes an Enzyme I homologue, here designated Enzyme INtr. Enzyme INtr possesses an N-terminal domain homologous to the N-terminal domains of NifA proteins [(127 amino acids (aa)] joined via two tandem flexible linkers to the C-terminal Enzyme I-like domain (578 aa). Structural features of the putative ptsP operon, including transcriptional regulatory signals, are characterized. We suggest that Enzyme INtr functions in transcriptional regulation of nitrogen-related operons together with previously described PTS proteins encoded within the rpoN operon. It may thereby provide a link between carbon and nitrogen assimilatory pathways.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Arthroscopic transglenoid suture capsulorrhaphy for anterior shoulder instability.

The role of arthroscopic procedures in the management of glenohumeral stability continues to evolve. Arthroscopic transglenoid suture capsulorrhaphy, as described, is an effective alternative for correcting the pathology of anterior and anteroinferior shoulder instability. The procedure avoids the morbidity associated with open repairs as a result of anterior soft tissue dissection and division of the subscapularis. The procedure, however, is technically demanding. To achieve predictable and reproducible results that approach those seen in comparable patient populations undergoing open Bankart stabilization, recognition of, and addressing, the responsible pathology is essential, as is appropriate patient selection. Based upon experience to date, arthroscopic transglenoid suture capsulorraphy is best indicated for traumatic anterior dislocators with a Bankart lesion and good quality glenohumeral ligaments. Arthroscopic suture capsulorrhaphy is not recommended for patients involved in upper extremity collision sports, those with a large glenoid rim defect, habitual luxators, patients younger than 18 years of age, and for surgeons whose experience with operative arthroscopy of the shoulder is limited. The procedure has an unresolved role, due to lack of sufficient long-term data in acute dislocations, multidirectional instability, those with previously failed open or arthroscopic repairs, and those with generalized joint hyperlaxity. The eventual role of arthroscopic transglenoid suture capsulorrhaphy in the treatment of anterior shoulder instability awaits further studies and technological innovation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis/liquid chromatography for the micropreparative isolation of proteins.

Although comprehensive, column-based two-dimensional separation techniques offer enormous resolving power for a complex mixture, they often lack the ability to isolate the separated species for further analysis (e.g., proteins for Edman sequencing). This paper describes a micropreparative two-dimensional separation system for the isolation of proteins from complex mixtures, such as cell lysates. The system is composed of commercially available equipment: continuous-elution tube gel electrophoresis as the first dimension followed by gradient elution, reversed-phase perfusion liquid chromatography as the second dimension with a two-loop sampling valve as the interface between dimensions. The two-dimensional electrophoresis/liquid chromatography system (2D-EP/LC) shows high resolution of proteins since each dimension has orthogonal separation mechanisms (electrophoresis, size/charge; LC, hydrophobicity). Identification of proteins for further analysis is accomplished by superimposing a grid on the computer-generated 3D image.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Characterization of antisense binding properties of peptide nucleic acids by capillary gel electrophoresis.

The binding of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs), novel antisense agents, to their complementary oligonucleotide is characterized by capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE). The ability of CGE to resolve the free and bound species enables the measurement of relative binding kinetics and the stoichiometry of binding. The binding kinetics depend on the relative sequence orientation of the target oligonucleotides. The stoichiometry of binding is 1:1 for the PNA-oligodeoxynucleotide heteroduplex whereas the stoichiometry for the PNA-oligoribonucleotide is more complicated.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

The relative effectiveness of three forms of visual knowledge of results on peak torque output.

Therapists often search for more efficient and effective ways to provide patients with information regarding their performance. The purpose of this study was to determine whether certain types of machine-based visual displays could be used as a source of error-correction information to facilitate the immediate and/or delayed performance of a maximal effort isokinetic movement of the knee. The relative effectiveness of the knowledge of results (KR) provided by visual displays that differed in degree of precision and presentation schedule were compared during a practice and retention test phase. Twenty-four healthy male subjects (mean age = 22 years) performed isokinetic extension and flexion of the knee at low (120 degrees/sec) and high (240 degrees/sec) exercise speeds. A no-KR maximal effort pretest was followed by two practice sessions during which three groups each received one form of visual KR and a fourth group practiced without KR. A no-KR maximal effort posttest was administered to all groups following a 1-day rest interval. Although visual KR did not result in any significant differences in mean peak torque output during practice, between-group comparisons of pretest to posttest changes in mean peak torque indicated that groups receiving visual KR in addition to practice demonstrated significantly greater (p < .03) improvements in mean peak torque in three of the four conditions tested when compared with the group that practiced without KR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

"Show and tell" in the gymnasium revisited: developmental differences in modeling and verbal rehearsal effects on motor skill learning and performance.

Little research has investigated the observational learning process from a developmental perspective. The purpose of this study was to extend previous research by considering two factors: performance versus learning and sequencing versus form scores. Children (N = 60) comprising two age groups (5-0 to 6-11 and 8-0 to 9-11 years) were randomly assigned to verbal rehearsal only, model only, or model plus verbal rehearsal conditions. The task was a 6-part motor skill sequence in which proper sequencing and quality of form were assessed. A 2 x 3 x 4 (age group by model type by trial blocks) repeated measures MANOVA revealed a significant three-way interaction. Older children performed equally well under any of the model type conditions during both performance and learning. For younger children, a model plus rehearsal was superior to rehearsal only on sequence and form at performance and learning and superior to model only on sequence scores during the first two performance trial blocks. Model only and model plus rehearsal conditions were equally effective on form scores. These results suggest that age differences exist in the modeling of motor skills under conditions varying in model type, sequence and form scores, and performance and learning phases.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

The role of attention in one-handed catching.

The present study investigated the contribution of attention to one-handed catching success. A group of skilled (n = 8) and less skilled (n = 9) male subjects were compared in their ability to process secondary task information while executing a primary one-handed catching task. On 40% of the trials, a secondary visual stimulus (SVS) was presented in the peripheral visual field at predetermined times during the flight of the ball. On these trials, the subject was required to complete the one-handed catch and immediately throw the ball at a stationary target. Less skilled subjects made significantly more catching errors under both normal viewing and dual-task processing conditions. The differences were due to errors of positioning rather than grasping. Positioning of the hand appears to require visual attention regardless of skill level, as both skill groups experienced increased difficulty processing secondary task information as the ball approached the catching hand.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

The role of arthroscopy in the management of synovial chondromatosis of the shoulder. A case report.

A case of synovial chondromatosis of the shoulder is reported in a 28-year-old man with long-standing shoulder pain after a remote episode of trauma. Although plain roentgenograms were normal, arthrograms revealed the characteristic findings of synovial chondromatosis. Treatment consisted of arthroscopic removal of multiple cartilaginous loose bodies and partial synovectomy. Synovial chondromatosis of the shoulder treated with arthroscopic debridement and synovectomy rather than traditional open arthrotomy seems not to have been reported previously.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Fraction collector for capillary zone electrophoresis.

An instrument is described which is capable of collecting fractions from a capillary zone electrophoresis apparatus. The fraction collector is characterized in terms of discretely collecting the separated components of a multi-component sample. In addition, the fraction collector permits the study of the effect of capillary zone electrophoresis on the biological activity of alpha-chymotrypsin.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1988

Popliteus tendon rupture. Case report and review of the literature.

A 23-year-old man sustained an isolated popliteus tendon rupture while pushing a car. The diagnosis was established with the use of arthroscopy, electromyography, and Cybex testing. After the patient failed to respond to conservative therapy, the tendon rupture was surgically repaired. The patient had an uneventful recovery and returned to his preinjury level of athletic activity. Although popliteus tendon tenosynovitis as well as injury to the popliteus in association with other ligamentous knee injuries has been described, neither an isolated popliteus tendon rupture nor an arthroscopic evaluation of a popliteus tendon rupture has been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A high density field population of mixed phases (solitaria and gregaria) of armyworm (Spodoptera exempta) caterpillars in Kenya.

An unusual type of mass propagation ("outbreak") of armyworms (Spodoptera exempta) was found during the rainy season in the highlands of central Kenya. In a very small area it had a high density of individuals but - unlike normal outbreaks - it comprised a continuity of different developmental stages from young caterpillars to moths. The older caterpillars were of phase solitaria or gregaria together with numerous individuals of intermediate forms. From their different ages it is improbable that they all came from parental moths having arrived together. The finding of such type of outbreak seems of interest for understanding the development of the huge uniform outbreaks of this species frequently occurring in East Africa.

Animals↗