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Biomedical subjects

D Hartmann

Publications and source records attributed to D Hartmann.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Vindesine. A clinical trial with special reference to neurological side effects.

A good tumoricidal activity of vindesine (VDS) has been reported in a variety of animal tumors and in human leukemias and lymphomas. We treated 22 patients who had received no prior chemotherapy and were suffering from a variety of malignant neoplasms with 0.5 mg/m2 to 3.0 mg/m2 VDS i. v. once or three times at weekly intervals and recorded the clinical, hematologic, and especially, neurological side effects. Clinically we observed fatigue in nine patients, paresthesias in seven, myalgias in three, vertigo and diarrhea in two, and skin pains, tinnitus, gastric pains, alopecia, and tremor in one patient each. There was no obvious dose-action relationship. Paravenous injection caused cellulitis similar to that seen with vincristine. No side effects were apparent in liver (SGPT) and renal (creatinine) function tests. Hematologically there was a clear trend toward leukopenia with higher doses of DVA and a mean increase in the thrombocyte count by 51 X 10(3)/mm3 was found (sign test: P greater than 0.05). The hemoglobin level did not change. Clinical neurological examination and monitoring by electroneurography revealed no changes in tensiometer performance, motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity, motor or sensory nerve action potential amplitudes, or H-reflex responses. There was dose-related diminution of the proprioceptive reflexes, especially in the lower extremities. Even with as little as 2.0 mg/m2 VDS i. v. at weekly intervals for 3 weeks Achilles and patellar tendon reflexes were diminished or absent in all patients.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1979

Steady-state turnover and body pool of ascorbic acid in man.

The time course of radioactivity in plasma and urine after oral administration of a single dose of (1-14C)ascorbic acid has been followed in healthy nonsmoking male volunteers. The investigation was carried out under steady state conditions with regard to ascorbic acid intake (30 to 180 mg/day). Using pharmacokinetic principles, turnover, pool size, and rates of metabolism and excretion could be calculated. It was found that the half-life of ascorbic acid was inversely related to the dosage and that the pool could be increased to about 20 mg/kg bodyweight by increasing the dosage. It was concluded that on a daily intake of about 100 mg ascorbic acid this pool size would be reached in 95% of the population.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Liquid storage of bone marrow.

A program of nonfrozen autologous bone marrow rescue was used to treat patients with refractory nonhematological neoplasms. In vitro storage of bone marrow cells and CFU-C suggests that storage at 4 degrees or 10 degrees for periods up to five days can be undertaken with only minor loss of CFU-C. However, since the loss occurred in a gradual fashion, shorter duration of storage would probably be better. Hematological recovery after high dose chemotherapy occurred faster in patients given more CFU-C and those with shortest duration of storage prior to reinfusion.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1979

[Experimental protection with tyrothrizin against herpes simplex virus infections in mice].

Using 12-day old baby mice, strain NMRI, the LD50 of a Herpes simplex virus type 1 was calculated. Intragastric inoculation of the mice was carried out applying a stomach tube. Lethality of the mice was reduced from 67% to 23% by pre-incubation of the virus suspension for 30 min at 37 degrees C in the presence of 0.2 mg tyrothricin/ml. The effect was statistically significant and could be produced only after direct contact between tyrothricin and virus. Under the same conditions there was no effect of lysozyme against virus infectivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Current state of therapy for gastrointestinal tumors].

For many years, the treatment of malignant gastrointestinal tumors has been disappointing. However, recent results have shown an improvement in the rate of remissions and survival, especially in the treatment of gastric, pancreatic and localized rectal carcinoma. The therapy of cancer of the colon still remains unsatisfactory: the rate of remissions could be increased, but survival remains unaltered. Adjuvant chemotherapy is under investigation in many quarters but cannot yet be recommended as an established method of treatment.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1978

[Specific characteristics of hairy cell leukemia].

Report on a now 58-year-old female patient who presented in 1969 with the following objective findings: anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphocytosis and hepatosplenomegaly. The first first diagnosis was lymphosarcoma, but up to 1976 nearly ten other diagnoses were established, e.g. reticulum sarcoma, leukemic lymphosarcoma, CML, ALL, CLL and Waldenström's disease. The patient did not respond to combined chemotherapy, but splenectomy brought about significant improvement in anemia and thrombocytopenia. She is now doing well without cytotoxic treatment. Hairy cell leukemia was diagnosed on the basis of electron microscopic findings in peripheral lymphocytes and histologic findings in bone marrow and spleen. The tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase was positive. Immunologic tests in the hairy cells showed surface immunoglobulins of monoclonal origina and the T-cells were shown to be decreased. The tests for phagocytosis and nonspecific esterase were negative. The hairy cells in this patient exhibited no colony stimulating activity in culture studies with bone marrow from 4 normal donors, as compared with the stimulating activity of normal monocytes in the same assay. In the light of this case report the question is discussed whether the hairy cells are mainly cells with lymphocytic (B-lymphocytes) or monocytic characteristics. On this question the findings in our patient support the hypothesis of a B-cell nature for the hairy cells.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

[Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in malignant tumors. 2 cases].

Two cases of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in disseminated carcinoma are reported. Both showed the classical features of this illness, namely acute generalized hemorrhagic diathesis, severe hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, fragmentation of erythrocytes in the peripheral blood smear, increased erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis or tumor cell invasion in the bone marrow, tumor cell emboli in venules and disseminated intravascular coagulation. In both cases the microangiopathic hemolytic anemia was the first sign of the disseminated carcinoma. Differential diagnosis, pathogenesis and therapy are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Kaposi sarcoma. A short review on a rare disease].

Pathological, clinical, epidemiological and immunological aspects of a rare tumor, Kaposi's sarcoma, are briefly discussed. The prevalence of the disease in an African population raises questions about genetic and environmental factors in its carcinogenesis. Immunological data indicate a probable viral origin. The clinical patterns seem to be influenced by alterations of the immune defense mechanisms. Most questions about its biological behaviour remain to be answered yet.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical and therapeutic study (phase II) using VP-16/213 and methyl-CCNU in patients with inoperable, recurring or metastasizing carcinomas of the gastriointestinal tract].

We carried out a phase-II-study in patients with tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, in order to test the effectiveness of the combination of VP-16/213 and ME-CCNU. We studied 15 patients (3 carcinomas of the stomach, 12 colon carcinomas) in a mostly advanced state of illness (disseminated, n = 13). One patient with gastric cancer attained a partial remission with a duration of remission of 9.1 months and a survival time of 14.1 months; the other two patients with cancer of the stomach were non-responders. 1 of 12 patients with colon carcinoma showed a partial remission (PR) (= 8.3%, or 12.5% in untreated patients n = 8), 7 patients showed no change (NC = 58.3%) and 4 patients had progressive disease (PD). The median duration of remission was 4.9 months, the median survival time 7.9 months. With reference to the success of therapy the median survival time was 10.5 months for patients with partial remission and no remission compared with 4.7 months for patients with progression. Toxicity consisted of nausea and vomiting (n = 11), loss of appetite (n = 10), granulocytopenia (n = 9), thrombocytopenia (n = 8) and hairloss (n = 8). The results achieved are comparable to those of monotherapy with the nitrosoureas.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Antiviral activity of tyrothricin against Sendai virus in suspension tests (author's transl)].

In suspension tests it could be found, that tyrothricin, isolated from bacteria, possesses an anti-infectious activity against Sendai virus. Concentrations of 10(2) to 10(3) ID50-units of Sendai virus were incubated with 0.5 and/or 1.0 mg tyrothricin per 5 ml for 30 minutes at 37 degrees C (pH 7.5). These mixtures were tested in embryonated eggs and showed a marked decrease of viral infectivity. Tween 80 added after the incubation period leads to an incomplete reactivation of the virus infectivity. According to these results and further preliminary studies on herpes simplex virus we suppose a virustatic effect of tyrothricin also in the case of other lipophilic viruses.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Cytostatic pneumopathy following chemotherapy for metastasizing breast neoplasm].

A 69-year-old patient treated with anticancer polychemotherapy for metastatic breast carcinoma died of respiratory distress and cardiac failure 3 months after commencement of therapy. At autopsy only a few pleural micrometastases were found. Microscopic study revealed early lung lesions due to cytotoxic drug treatment. While the earlier literature described different lesions associated with different antineoplastic drugs (busulfan, bleomycin), today there is more emphasis on the common pathological features. Therefore, instead of the expressions "busulfan lung" or "bleomycin lung", we suggest the use of the term "Zytostatika-Pneumopathie" (cytostatic drug induced lung disease).

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Bioavailability from various galenic formulations of flunitrazepam.

The absolute and relative bioavailability of flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) tablet, oral solution and suppository formulations was determined in a cross-over study on 6 healthy volunteers. The tablet and the oral solution were shown to be bioequivalent, absorption being at least 80%. For flunitrazepam suppositories the bioavailability was found to be about 50%. The plasma concentrations are described on the basis of a three-compartment model, the adjustment of the curves from the same subject being made simultaneously. The central compartment and the second compartment are about equal in size and rapid exchange takes place between them. The third compartment is about four times as large as the central one. The slow reflux of the compound from the third to the first compartment is the rate determining factor for the overall elimination in the beta-phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

On the absorption of ascorbic acid in man.

The daily intake of ascorbic acid with the diet was strongly restricted in seven healthy non-smoking males and 90 to 180 mg of ascorbic acid were orally supplemented. After an equilibration period of three weeks about 5 muCi of (1-14C) ascorbic acid was orally administered with carrier (30 mg or 60 mg). The daily intake was then increased to 4 X 1000 mg and the cumulative excretion of radioactivity in the urine measured over a period of 10 days. The average absorption was estimated to amount to 80-90% of the dose.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

[Mycoplasma induced damage to sperm head in infertile men].

The heavy contamination of T-mycoplasmas in ejaculates of infertile men can be found in coiled forms as well as in swollen necks of the spermatozoa. The analysis of the sperma of one infertile man shows significant changes of the head of numerous spermatozoa possible caused by mycoplasmas. Our findings support the assumption of a correlation between T-mycoplasmas in ejaculates and the infertility of men.

Adult↗