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Biomedical subjects

D Halliday

Publications and source records attributed to D Halliday.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Identification of intracellular immunoglobulin in extramedullary myeloma.

We describe a patient with multiple myeloma characterized by clinically evident extramedullary metastasis and marked anaplastic alterations of neoplastic cells. We describe the technique that detected the presence of intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin IgGk in mature plasma cells from paraffin-fixed tissue obtained from an iliac lesion and in anaplastic tumor cells infiltrating a lymph node from which a biopsy specimen was taken three years later. These data confirm that both tissues were composed of a cell with identical origin. In addition, the immunohistochemical technique is applicable for the identification of other antigens present in paraffin-embedded tissue.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Quantitation of ineffective erythropoiesis from the incorporation of [15N] delta-aminolaevulinic acid and [15N] glycine into early labelled bilirubin. I. Normal subjects.

The incorporation of [15N] glycine into early labelled bilirubin and haemoglobin haem was measured in four haematologically normal subjects, using the clearance of [14C] bilirubin to measure total bilirubin production rate. Hepatic haem turnover was calculated from the incorporation of [15N]=sigma-aminolaevulinic acid into early labelled bilirubin. From the exprimental data previously published data in normal subjects a method is derived for the quantitation of ineffective erythropoiesis which can be applied to similar studies in patients with haematological disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Quantitation of ineffective erythropoiesis from the incorporation of [15N] delta-aminolaevulinic acid and [15N] glycin into early labelled bilirubin. II. Anaemic patients.

The incorporation of [15N]delta-aminolaevulinic acid and [15N glycine into haemoglobin haem and early labelled bilirubin was measured in subjects with various haematological disorders. The clearance of [14C bilirubin was used to measure bilirubin production rate, and the magnitude of the various sources of bilirubin production and the percentage ineffective erythropoiesis were calculated. Ineffective erythropoiesis was found to be a major factor in the production of the anaemia in patients with the following disorders: megaloblastic anaemia associated with the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, thalassaemia intermedia, sideroblastic anaemia, and the anaemia of chronic disorders. In three patients with iron-deficiency anaemia ineffective erythropoiesis was increased, but was of minor importance in the production of the anaemia, while in two patients with aplastic anaemia and one with macrocytosis of alcoholism there was no increase in ineffective erythropoiesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Efficiency of utilization of urea nitrogen for albumin synthesis by chronically uraemic and normal man.

1. The relation between endogenous urea metabolism and albumin synthesis has been studied in ten patients with chronic renal failure and in four normal subjects, after single intravenous injections of [14-C]urea,[15-N]urea and 125-I-labelled albumin. 2. The rate of urea synthesis was determined from the dynamics of plasma [14-C]urea specific radioactivity and the rate of urea metabolism was estimated from the relative rates of urea synthesis and urea appearance in urine and body water. Deconvolution analysis of plasma [15N]albumin enrichmevt and 125-i-labelled albumin radioactivity yielded the cumulative incorporation of 15-N into total exchangeable albumin and enabled calculation of the absolute rate of urema nitrogen utilization for albumin synthesis. 3. Although the mean absolute rate of urea degradation in uraemic patients (3-7 mmol/h) was higher than in normal subjects (2-3 mmol/h) there was no significant positive correlation between urea degradation and plasma urea concentration. 4. In uraemic subjects, there was a significant positive correlation between urea synthetic rate and urea degration rate. 5. The rate of utilization of urea nitrogen for albumin synthesis was low, but was very much higher in uraemic subjects (mean 83-8 mumol/h) compared with normal subjects (mean 6-4 mumol/h), as was the provision by urea of the nitrogen required for albumin synthesis in uraemic subjects (2-37%) compared with normal subjects (0-13%). 6. The efficiency of utilization of urea nitrogen for albumin synthesis was higher in the uraemic patients (1-3%) than the normal subjects (0-2%), and was higher in those patients with chronic renal failure who received a 30 g protein diet than those on 70 g of protein. A significant negative correlation was noted between efficiency of urea nitrogen utilization and the rate of synthesis of albumin. 7. These studies suggest the presence of a mechanism for the conservation of urea nitrogen in chronic renal failure which is unrelated to the extent of urea degradation, and which can only be partly explained by the higher proportion of intraluminal gut nitrogen derived from urea.

Carbon Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1975

Measurement of muscle protein synthetic rate from serial muscle biopsies and total body protein turnover in man by continuous intravenous infusion of L-(alpha-15N)lysine.

1. Five healthy male subjects were studied by continuous infusion of L-[alpha-15N]lysine over 20-30 h with timed blood and urine samples, and two or three percutaneous needle biopsies of vastus lateralis muscle. 2. A standard creatine-free diet, quantitatively related to body surface area, was given for 5 days before the infusion. The [15N]lysine was administered at a constant rate in an amino acid solution with a nitrogen content of 0-96 mol/l, which constituted the sole source of exogenous nitrogen during the infusion. 3. A plateau level of plasma free [15N]lysine enrichment was achieved after infusion for 14 h. The total plasma lysine flux calculated from the plateau was 7-3 mmol/h (range 4-8-9-6). Total body protein turnover calculated from the lysine flux was 3-5 g day-1 kg body wt.-1 (range 2-5-5-0). 4. Muscle sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar fractions were separated, purified and the 15N enrichment was measured. The sarcoplasmic protein fractional synthetic rate was calculated as 3-8%/day (range 2-2-5-1). The myofibrillar protein synthetic rate was 1-46%/day (range 1-09-2-44). 5. Muscle mass, calculated from 24 h creatinine excretion, was 33-7 kg (range 28-8-37-4), which represented 50-0% of body weight (range 38-9-58-1). Total muscle protein synthesis was calculated to account for 53-2% (range 39-5-62-1) of total body protein syntehsis. 6. The advantages and limitations of using continuous infusion of [15N]lysine in human subjects are discussed.

Adult↗