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Biomedical subjects

D H Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to D H Wilson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Dream report following commissurotomy.

This paper addresses the question of right hemisphere involvement in the visual components of dreaming. The rationale derives from an observed relation between reports of visual agnosia accompanied by dream cessation and the literature on right hemisphere specialization for visuo-spatial processes. All night sleep EEGs were recorded from subjects with partial or complete section of the corpus callosum and anterior commissure. Upon entering a EEG-, EOG- and EMG-defined REM episode, the subjects were awakened and questioned about dream content. All subjects examined in this fashion were able to recount some visual dream content. This result fails to support any notion of selective right hemisphere visual dream mediation.

Corpus Callosum↗
PubMed1977

Cognition and commissurotomy.

Cognitive functioning was extensively evaluated in a recent callosum-sectioned patient. A number of standardized and specialized experimental memory tests, as well as a sophisticated hypothesis testing task, were administered both before and after operation. No post-operative deficits were obtained. In fact, this patient showed marked improvement on almost every measure utilized. These results demonstrate that the cognitive processing of complex information is not necessarily dependent on the integrity of the corpus callosum, but rather suggest that cognitive functioning is largely an intrahemispheric process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Language, praxis, and the right hemisphere: clues to some mechanisms of consciousness.

The linguistic capacity of each separate cerebral hemisphere was examined in a 15-year-old, callosally sectioned, normally right-handed male. The results demonstrated that while the right hemisphere was not capable of expressive speech, it could comprehend nouns and verbs, and also possessed the motor engrams necessary to carry out verbal and pictorial commands. In addition, the mute hemisphere was found to be capable of spelling the names of visually presented items by arranging letters as well as by writing with the left hand. Finally, the manner in which the left hemisphere dealt with the overt bodily response to commands presented to the right hemisphere suggested clues to what we feel are mechanisms by which a personal sense of conscious reality is created in the normal brain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Cerebral commissurotomy for control of intractable seizures.

Cerebral commissurotomy or the "split-brain" procedure may be a valuable adjunct to anticonvulsants for the control of seizures in people whose epilepsy cannot be relieved by anticonvulsants alone, and who are not candidate for the standard methods of surgery. Corpus callosotomy, a revised form of the usual division of many commissures, is a safer operation and appears to be equally effective. The complex clinical aspects of cure and treatment are emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Anterior cervical discectomy without bone graft. Report of 71 cases.

Anterior cervical discectomy without bone grafting may become the procedure of choice for acute cervical disc protrusions. This operation was performed on 71 patients, all of whom were followed from 1 to 6 years. Complications were minor in nature. The results were excellent and sustained.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Screening for malnutrition with arm circumference.

The opinions on the performance characteristics of the mid arm circumference as anthropometric measurement for malnutrition screening are quite contradictory. In this paper we analyze the specificity and sensitivity of the arm tape under different conditions and conclude that the design of the tape characteristics should aim at an instrument which can satisfy specific needs instead of a general purpose one. We also give some measurements for the practical design of the instrument. 1. This investigation has been carried out under the Contract AID/ta-C-1121 and the Fundación para la Educación Superior. 2. Universidad del Valle. 3. Fundación para la Educación Superior. 4. Community Systems Foundation.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1977

Comparative analysis of some anthropometric measurements.

The main objective of this work is to determine what anthropometric method to use under field conditions, given the kind of mainutrition to be detected. In the first part of the work some criteria and procedures are given by which to compare the field perfomance characteristics (i.e. transportability, facility of use, etc.), of the most commonly used instruments. Then we extrapolate these characteristics to the respective methods like weight for age, weight for height, height for age, etc. In the second part we present a correlation matrix among the various methods and analyze it in order to associate with each method a specific typology of malnutrition.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

The treatment of acute abscesses by incision, curettage and primary suture under antibiotic cover.

One hundred and fifty consecutive acute abscesses have been treated by incision, curettage and primary suture under antibiotic cover. The antibiotic used in this series was lincomycin 600 mg i.m. with premedication and clindamycin 150 mg 6-hourly for 4 days postoperatively (children and infants received smaller doses). Similar results for the rate of healing were achieved in all groups of abscesses. A case is made for the use of the technique of incision, currettage and primary suture with antibiotic covere for acute abscesses as an alternative to conventional methods of treatment.

Abscess↗
PubMed1976

Experimental regeneration in peripheral nerves and the spinal cord in laboratory animals exposed to a pulsed electromagnetic field.

Peripheral nerve section and suture was performed in 132 rats. Postoperatively half the animals were exposed to a pulsed electromagnetic field each day and half were kept as controls. Nerve conduction studies, histology and nerve fibre counts all indicated an increased rate of regeneration in the treated animals. A similar controlled study of spinal cord regeneration following hemicordotomy in cats has been started, and preliminary results indicate that when the animals are sacrificed three months after the hemicordotomy, the pulsed electromagnetic therapy has induced nerve fibre regeneration across the region of the scar.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Psychologic and neurologic consequences of partial and complete cerebral commissurotomy.

Preliminary psychologic testing was carried out on four patients who had undergone surgical sectioning of a portion or all of the corpus callosum and anterior commissure as a treatment for uncontrollable seizures. Results confirm earlier findings indicating the importance of the forebrain commissures in the interhemispheric exchange of a variety of sensory and motor information, and demonstrate that particular portions of the commissural system are responsible for transferring the information of specific sensory modalities. The patients also showed surprising abilities in performing complex tasks assumed to require integration of information from both hemispheres.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Disconnection of the cerebral hemispheres. An alternative to hemispherectomy for the control of intractable seizures.

A boy with intractable siezures that had progressed to about 30 a day underwent complete disconnection of the cerebral hemispheres in January 1972. Using microsurgical technique, we followed the path described by Bogen and Vogel requiring division of the corpus callosum from rostrum to splenium, the anterior commisure, one fornix, and hippocampal commissure. Postoperative recovery was complicated by aseptic meningitis, which was treated with dexamethasone and, later by hydrocephalus, which was reduced by ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The patient improved rapidly and remains well. We believe that disconnection is a preferred alternative to hemispherectomy for control of intractable seizures arising from early damage to one cerebral hemisphere.

Adolescent↗