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Biomedical subjects

D H Riddick

Publications and source records attributed to D H Riddick.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Successful treatment of catamenial hemoptysis with danazol.

An unusual case is presented of pulmonary endometriosis characterized by cyclic hemoptysis. The literature associated with thoracic endometriosis is briefly reviewed. This case is the first reported cure of catamenial hemoptysis with the antigonadotropin danazol.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Stimulatory activity of serum on prolactin production by human decidua.

Fetal calf serum (FCS) enhances the synthesis and secretion of prolactin (PRL) by explants of human decidua incubated in Gey's balanced salt solution. In order to further characterize the factors involved in the prolactin-stimulating activity (PSA) of serum, decidua was incubated in Gey's buffer alone and in buffer containing either FCS, bovine serum albumin (BSA), or human serum (HS). When buffer was supplemented with varying concentrations of FCS, ad dose-related PSA was apparent between 0.1% and 10%. The PSA of FCS was not altered by eithr heating (85degrees C for 30 minutes), boiling, or dialysis. The protein fraction of FCS, precipitated with trichloroacetic acid, redissolved in dilute NaOH, and dialyzed against Dulbecco's phosphate buffer, demonstrated PSA comparable to that of whole serum. A similar concentration of BSA added to Gey's buffer did not stimulate the production of PRL by decidua. The PSA of human serum obtained from euprolactinemic men and women was not different from that of FCS. These data indicate that FCS and HS contain a substance(s) (1) which stimulates the secretion of PRL by human decidua, (2) which is very stable, being resistant to dialysis, boiling, and denaturation by trichloroacetic acid, (3) and which is most likely a large polypeptide with a molecular weight greater than 12,000 or a smaller moiety tightly bound to a protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Decidual production of prolactin in late gestation: further evidence for a decidual source of amniotic fluid prolactin.

The capacity of human decidual tissue to synthesize prolactin de novo throughout late gestation was investigated and correlated with the levels of prolactin (PRL) in amniotic fluid. Maximal concentrations of PRL in both amniotic fluid and samples of decidua were found prior to the thirtieth week of gestation and declined simultaneously until term. A high correlation (r = 0.90, p < 0.00005) was found when the levels of PRL in amniotic fluid and the initial (preincubation) content of PRL in decidua from the same patient were compared. A very high correlation (r = 0.96, p < 0.00005) was seen between the ability of the decidua to produce prolactin in vitro and the corresponding levels of prolactin in amniotic fluid. No significant difference in any parameter tested was noted with respect to either the sex of the fetus or the mode of delivery (p > 0.05). These data are interpreted as indicating (1) that decidual tissue varies throughout late gestation, in both its initial content of prolactin and its ability to synthesize prolactin de novo, in a manner which correlates to a high degree with variations in amniotic fluid prolactin levels and (2) that the decidual tissue is the major source of amniotic fluid prolactin.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1980

The luteal phase defect: the relative frequency of, and encouraging response to, treatment with vaginal progesterone.

Three hundred and ninety-six patients were evaluated for primary and secondary infertility between December 1976 and May 1979 at a large referral center. Timed late luteal endometrial biopsies were routinely obtained as part of the work-up and were repeated for confirmation if subsequent menses did not occur within 2 days of the expected date. If both biopsies were abnormal, a diagnosis of luteal phase defect (LPD) was made and patients were treated with vaginal progesterone suppositories for a minimum of 6 months. LPD was discovered in 32 of 396 patients (8.1%); among those patients whose infertility was not complicated by other abnormalities, 9 of 13 conceived (70%) and 7 of 13 carried to term (54%). These data suggest an incidence higher than generally recognized and a very encouraging response to replacement therapy.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Prolactin production by human endometrium during the normal menstrual cycle.

Prolactin (PRL) synthesis by human decidua from term pregnancies has been reported. The present study examined the tissue content and in vitro production of prolactin by "decidualized" and "nondecidualized" endometrium unassociated with pregnancy. Tissue obtained throughout the menstrual cycle was dated histologically. When proliferative endometrium (N = 16) or secretory endometrium prior to day 22 (N = 6) was examined, no PRL was detected in the tissue or medium after a 24-hour incubation at 37 degrees C in Gey's buffer. Total PRL in tissue and medium measured by radioimmunoassay increased significantly from 1.2 +/- 0.3 ng/100 mg of tissue at cycle days 22 to 24 (N = 4) to 5.3 +/- 2.4 ng/100 mg of tissue at cycle days 25 to 26 (N = 7). The addition of 100 micrograms/ml of cycloheximide to the medium prevented the net increase in PRL content during incubation. It is concluded that PRL is synthesized by endometrium during the normal menstrual cycle and that the appearance and degree of synthesis and decidualization of the stroma correspond.

Cycloheximide↗
PubMed1979

Thyroxine uptake and metabolism by fetal sheep after intra-amniotic thyroxine injection.

Thyroxine (T4) uptake from amniotic fluid was investigated in fetal sheep. Samples of fetal and maternal blood and of amniotic fluid were obtained from indwelling catheters at specific intervals after intra-amniotic injection of T4. T4 and reverse T3 (rT3) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Basal levels of T4 were 7.3 +/- 0.92, less than 2, and 6.28 +/- 0.49 microgram/dl in the fetus, amniotic fluid, and ewe, respectively. Basal levels of rT3 were 3,858 +/- 214, 189 +/- 62, and 385 +/- 20 pg/ml in the fetus, amniotic fluid, and ewe, respectively. T4 and rT3 rose progressively in the fetus with maximum concentrations of 25 to 30 microgram/dl T4 by 10 hours and 11,000 to 14,000 pg/ml rT3 by 20 hours after intra-amniotic injection of 500 microgram of T4. These concentrations returned toward baseline by 50 and 70 hours for T4 and rT3, respectively. The increase of fetal T4 was proportional to the amount of T4 injected in a range of 250 and 2,500 microgram. Esophageal ligation abolished the changes in fetal T4 but not rT3. Amniotic fluid rT3 increased with time after intra-amniotic injection of T4 and returned to baseline long after amniotic fluid T4 had reached basal levels. This pattern persisted despite esophageal ligation. T4 was converted to rT3 during incubation in amniotic fluid in vitro. It is concluded that (1) substantial amounts of T4 are taken up by fetal fetal sheep from the amniotic fluid by deglutition, (2) increases in fetal concentrations of T4 and rT3 are related to the amount of T4 added to the amniotic fluid, (3) amniotic fluid and fetal rT3 concentrations increase following intra-amniotic injection of T4 in the absence of significant uptake of T4 by the fetus, and (4) significant amounts of T4 may be converted to rT3 in vitro during incubation of T4 in amniotic fluid.

Amnion↗
PubMed1979

Evidence for a nonpituitary source of amniotic fluid prolactin.

Prolactin levels were determined during a gonadotropin-induced pregnancy following hypophysectomy for a chromophobe adenoma. Maternal plasma prolactin concentrations did not vary significantly from prepregnancy values throughout gestation, remaining between 25 and 35 ng/ml. Fetal prolactin levels were 55 ng/ml and maternal levels were 29 ng/ml at delivery. Amniotic fluid prolactin concentration was approximately 100 ng/ml. Decidual tissue isolated from the maternal surface of the chorion released significant amounts of prolactin into the medium during a 24-hour incubation. Final concentrations of prolactin in the incubation medium were as high as 196 ng/ml. It is concluded that after hypophysectomy (1) prolactin is present in the maternal circulation during pregnancy, and the concentration does not change significantly throughout gestation; (2) fetal and amniotic fluid prolactin concentrations near term do not differ significantly from those reported for normal pregnancy; and (3) the capacity of the decidua to release prolactin in vitro is not diminished compared with normal term decidua, suggesting a nonpituitary source of amniotic fluid prolactin.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Decidua: a possible source of amniotic fluid prolactin.

The source of amniotic fluid prolactin was investigated with the use of amnion, chorion, placenta, and decidual tissue taken from term human pregnancy. Decidua alone of these tissues contained significant quantities of prolactin. The release of decidual prolactin was affected by the presence or absence of oxygen and protein, and the amount of prolactin released far exceeded the decrease in tissue content during incubation. It is concluded that: (1) decidua may be a major source of amniotic fluid prolactin, (2) synthesis of prolactin occurs during incubation of decidua, and (3) sufficient prolactin is present in the decidua to account for that found in amniotic fluid at term.

Amnion↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of polyglactic and polyglycolic acid sutures in reproductive tissue.

Polyglactic acid and polyglycolic acid suture materials were compared in rat uterine and abdominal wall tissues for inflammatory response and tissue fibrosis. By 90 days after surgery, the tissue inflammatory reaction and fibrosis were significantly less in response to polyglactic acid suture (Vicryl) in both uterus and skin as compared with the response to polyglycolic acid (Dexon). In addition, the over-all tissue response in skin was significantly greater than that in uterus for both suture materials. The potential importance of tissue fibrosis--particularly in oviductal surgery, over and above the formation of adhesions between one organ and another--is emphasized. It is concluded that (1) the magnitude of tissue response to suture material varies for different tissues, (2) the degree of tissue wall fibrosis does not necessarily correspond to external tissue adhesions, (3) adhesions are maximal at the surgical knots regardless of the suture material used, and (4) polyglactic acid suture material may be preferable to polyglycolic acid suture material for infertility surgery, in which a minimum of tissue reaction is imperative.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1977

Secondary amenorrhea associated with balanced X-autosome translocation.

This is the first reported instance of a patient with gonadal dysgenesis that involves translocation of part of the long arm of an X chromosome to the short arm of a number 7 autosome. The importance of considering gonadal dysgenesis early in the evaluation of patients with secondary amenorrhea considered for ovulation induction is stressed. The relation between chromosomal rearrangement, phenotypic expression, and clinical presentation is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Hormonal function of a granulosa cell tumor.

Granulosa and theca cell tumors are rather common gonadal stromal tumors. A postmenopausal patient with a granulosa cell tumor, who complained chiefly of breast tenderness and enlarging, abdomen, is presented. Preoperative and postoperative studies including serum estrone, estradiol, prolactin, FSH, and LH,as well as urinary estrogens, 17-ketosteroids, and 17-hydroxysteroids are reported. A plan of treatment and followup is suggested. It is recommended that survival data on patients with such slow-growing tumors be adjusted to reflect the true incidence of death from the specific tumor in question.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Dynamic pituitary testing in a female with Kallman's syndrome and associated cardiac anomaly.

A patient with Kallman's syndrome and an anomalous right aortic arch is described. Dynamic pituitary testing was carried out revealing no significant response of prolactin to chlorpromazine stimulation or water loading suppression. A normal response of growth hormone to insulin induced hypoglycemia was observed. These data are interpreted as indicating a primary hypothalamic abnormality in Kallman's syndrome. In addition, this is the first report of the association of a cardiovascular abnormality with Kallman's syndrome.

Adolescent↗