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Biomedical subjects

D Gold

Publications and source records attributed to D Gold.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Delayed-type hypersensitivity to Entamoeba histolytica in mice and hamsters: a comparison.

Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to live or fixed Entamoeba histolytica was induced and compared in mice and hamsters. Peak reactions were obtained 24 h post-challenge. In mice, challenge with 10(5) amoebae produced maximal, specific footpad swelling; in hamsters, 5 x 10(4) were required. Elicitation of DTH in mice was strongest 1 week after induction and remained comparatively high for 8 weeks. In hamsters, elicitability declined after 1-2 weeks. Cyclophosphamide increased footpad reactions in mice and hamsters when given 1 day prior to induction but not prior to challenge. Reactions were usually somewhat (but not significantly) stronger in mice than in hamsters, which was also evident from adoptive transfer experiments. Thus, differences in cell-mediated immunity as expressed by DTH in mice and hamsters do not explain the differential susceptibility of these animals to infection with this parasite. In hamsters, multiple footpad injections of live or fixed amoebae lowered the percentage of subsequent liver infections after i.p. injection of virulent amoebae.

Amebiasis↗
PubMed1989

[Glossectomies].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Compliance and problem-solving competence in girls and boys.

The problem-solving abilities of 4- and 5-year old children (N = 208) were assessed to test the hypothesis that high levels of compliance are negatively related to problem solving. Problem-solving competence was examined with a task-specific measure and a standardized measure of general problem-solving performance. Low compliant children performed better on both measures. The role of compliance in the cognitive development of girls and boys is discussed.

Achievement↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of monoclonal antibodies for rapid detection of cytomegalovirus in spin-amplified plate cultures.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was detected in 56 of 275 specimens (20%); 50 of 56 (89%) were detected by conventional culture, and 37 (66%) were detected by rapid assay at 72 h with a commercial monoclonal antibody and a pooled monoclonal antibody. Although the two antibodies were equally sensitive at 72 h, the pooled antibody gave a brighter, more easily detected signal. Other viruses were isolated from 9 specimens (3.3%) by conventional culture. Use of rapid assays alone fails to detect slow-growing CMV and non-CMV viral pathogens.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

The relationship between longitudinal change in pulmonary function and nonspecific airway responsiveness in children and young adults.

The relationship between airway hyperresponsiveness and longitudinal change in lung function was assessed in a population-based sample of 184 children and young adults observed over a maximum span of 12 yr. Pulmonary function was assessed annually with spirometry, and health and household information was obtained with standardized questionnaires. Nonspecific airway responsiveness to eucapneic hyperventilation with subfreezing air was measured on at least two occasions between the sixth and twelfth annual surveys. At any given survey, a significant bronchoconstrictor response was defined as [( prechallenge FEV1-postchallenge FEV1]/pre-FEV1) greater than or equal to 0.13, a value that identified 10% of the population. Subjects were classified as "never", "always", or "inconsistent" responders according to the consistency of responsiveness determined in different surveys. Subjects were classified further as "labile" if their maximal survey-to-survey difference in delta FEV1/FEV1 was greater than or equal to 0.18, and as "nonlabile" otherwise. A Markov-type autoregressive model that adjusts for previous pulmonary function level, sex, growth variables, and smoking exposures was used to model growth of FEV1, FEF25-75, and FVC. Overall, 135 (73%) of subjects never responded to the cold air challenge, six (3%) always responded, and 43 (24%) responded on one but not all occasions. Levels and rates of increase in level of FEF25-75 were significantly lower in the inconsistent and always responders. In contrast, levels of FVC were greatest and increased most in the always responders. In labile subjects, both FEF25-75 and FEV1 growth rates were reduced. These effects persisted when asthmatics were excluded from the analyses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Analysis of a major target of the human immune response to cytomegalovirus using monoclonal antibodies.

Two murine monoclonal antibodies (C6D1 and D2B1) were found to react with a set of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-infected cell polypeptides, which comprise a major target of the human immune response to CMV. C6D1 reacted with proteins of 50 kilodaltons (KD) and 40KD molecular weight; D2B1 reacted with these two proteins plus a third of 35KD. Western blot analysis demonstrated that these protein targets also react with serum antibody from patients with acute or latent CMV infection. Immunofluorescence staining of CMV-infected diploid fibroblast cells by C6D1 and D2B1 showed that the protein targets are found in the nucleus throughout the course of viral infection. The proteins were shown to be late proteins dependent on viral DNA synthesis for their expression. Not all wild-type CMV strains tested expressed proteins that react with C6D1 and D2B1. Using an immunofluorescence stain of diploid fibroblasts infected with CMV strains from infected patients, we found that 70 of 76 (92%) wild-type strains reacted with C6D1 and 23 of 24 (96%) with D2B1. One strain was not reactive with either C6D1 or D2B1. Western blot analysis of 11 wild-type strains revealed that two isolates either lack the C6D1 and D2B1 protein targets or have forms of these proteins that migrate at different molecular weights.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Measurement and correlates of verbosity in elderly people.

Two studies were conducted to develop measures of verbosity in elderly people and to determine the social and psychological correlates of verbose speech. In the first study, 346 elderly people were classified into three categories of verbosity on the basis of their verbal behavior during an interview and questionnaire session. Personality variables, stress in daily living, and age differentiated extremely verbose individuals from others. In the second study, frequency and extent of off-target speech were rated quantitatively for the verbal behavior of 203 older men, with a second rater independently making the same ratings for 98 of the men. Classification into the three categories of verbosity was made for 179 of the men. Interrater reliability was established at .76 and .70 for the two measures of verbosity. There was significant agreement between the qualitative classification and the quantitative rating assessments of verbosity. In addition to the previously found associations between verbosity and personality and social variables, higher nonverbal intellectual performance scores obtained in the early adult years combined with poorer current nonverbal scores predicted verbosity in late life.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Immunoblot analysis of the humoral immune response in primary cytomegalovirus infection.

Cytomegalovirus is a common infection in immunologically normal adults. It may cause an asymptomatic infection or may manifest symptomatically as heterophilic-negative mononucleosis. Studies of CMV infection in immunocompromised patients indicate that humoral immune response plays a role in modulating disease severity; however, the effect of antibodies to CMV in modifying disease expression and transmission in immunologically normal individuals has not been well characterized. Using immunoblot technology, we have demonstrated that immune serum from normal adults contains antibodies to at least 15 CMV-associated proteins and that there is strain-to-strain variation in the expression of these immunogens. The kinetics of the immune response were evaluated by using serial sera collected from normal adults after primary CMV infection; analysis of immunoblots of these sera identified one group of antibodies to CMV proteins that arise early and are stable over time, a second group that appear late after infection, and a third group that are variable among patients and over time.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Chronic-dose acyclovir to suppress frequently recurring genital herpes simplex virus infection: effect on antibody response to herpes simplex virus type 2 proteins.

To determine the effect of prolonged suppressive acyclovir therapy on the antibody response to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) proteins, we studied sequential sera from 33 patients with frequently recurring (six or more recurrences per year) genital herpes. Twenty-two patients received 400 mg of oral acyclovir and 11 received placebo, twice daily for one year. Sera collected at enrollment, after six months and 12 months of therapy, and during the first recurrence after cessation of therapy were evaluated by western blot for levels of antibodies to HSV-2, gB, gG, gC/gE, VP16, and gD. Mean levels declined by 27%-39% after one year of acyclovir. The magnitude of the decrease in antibody levels was not correlated with disease severity either during or after therapy. Patients with high relative antibody levels to gB after therapy had more-severe first recurrences after therapy than did patients with antibody levels to gB less than or equal to the median. Antibody levels were not restored after the first untreated recurrence.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1988

Survival after acute endosulfan intoxication.

The clinical course following endosulfan ingestion in a suicidal attempt is described. The clinical picture comprised three stages: the acute cardiac and convulsive stage followed by subacute pulmonary and convulsive stage and finally the slow recovery stage. This is the first known survivor of endosulfan ingestion.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Anti-Trichomonas vaginalis monoclonal antibodies inducing complement-dependent cytotoxicity.

Hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against Trichomonas vaginalis (Tv) have been produced in three fusions using mice immunized with live or killed Tv. The ELISA technique was used to test the binding activity of six out of the 48 mAbs produced. It was found that acetone fixation enhanced the binding activity of the antibodies and revealed hidden antigenic determinants. Thirty percent of the mAbs obtained from splenocytes of mice immunized with live Tv were of the IgG3 subtype. Two mAbs of the IgM and IgG3 subtypes demonstrated complement-fixing capacity. Incubation of these mAbs with live Tv and complement at 37 degrees for 30 min lysed the parasites. The lytic process was complement-dependent since in its absence the antibodies only agglutinated the parasites. The mAbs, when partially purified from ascitic fluids, had the same lytic activity as the native preparation. MAbs of the IgG1 subtype which did not fix complement, bound to Tv but did not lyse it. The lytic activity of the mAbs was not inhibited by cervico-vaginal secretions obtained from 14 women. It is suggested that mAbs could be used for diagnostic as well as for therapeutic purposes.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Self-perception of personality at midlife in elderly people: continuity and change.

This study examined the extent of self-perceived continuity and change in personality in older people. Two visits were made to 362 elderly female and male volunteers, randomly assigned to either an experimental or control condition. In the first visit, the subjects completed a life interview and psychological battery including the Eysenck Personality Inventory. In the second visit, the experimental subjects had their life circumstances at age 40 reviewed and were asked to complete the personality inventory again, this time answering as if they were aged 40. Control subjects completed the personality inventory twice under standard directions. The dominant pattern for individuals in both conditions was one of personality continuity, however, subjects in the experimental group had significant differences between scores in the two test administrations, while the scores of control group subjects did not change significantly. Current personality scores were the major predictors of perceived personality at midlife, although ratings of financial adequacy and subjective age were also significant but minor predictors in the experimental condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Acyclovir prophylaxis for herpes simplex virus infection.

ACV is an effective agent for the treatment and prophylaxis of HSV infections in both IC and immunologically normal individuals. The drug is well tolerated in both populations and is not significantly associated with clinical or laboratory toxicities. Because of the great potential benefit and low risk, organ transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing induction chemotherapy should be screened routinely for HSV antibodies; seropositive individuals should receive prophylactic ACV during the period of most profound immunosuppression. Immunologically normal individuals with frequently recurring genital HSV or serious complications associated with outbreaks are candidates for long-term suppression with ACV.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Intraocular pentastomiasis causing unilateral glaucoma.

We present a case of intraocular pentastomiasis in a 12-year-old Israel Arab boy. A single secondary pentastomid larva, most likely of Linguatula serrata, was found in the anterior chamber of the right eye, attached loosely to the pupil's border by a fibrinous mass. Associated conditions were iritis, subluxation of the lens, and secondary glaucoma. This is the first documentation of human pentastomiasis in Israel.

Arthropods↗