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Biomedical subjects

D Coleman

Publications and source records attributed to D Coleman.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Simultaneous outbreaks of infection due to Serratia marcescens in a general hospital.

Seventy isolates of Serratia marcescens were obtained from 30 patients in different units of one hospital between April 1982 and February 1983. No common source was found. Not all isolates were multi-resistant and nearly all that were, fell into two main groups, A and B. These groups were defined by phage typing and cephalosporin sensitivity, all apart from one Group B isolate were multi-resistant, whereas Group A isolates contained multi-resistant and sensitive strains. Plasmid screening, resistance transfer studies and plasmid elimination experiments demonstrated that the multi-resistant phenotype was due to a 120 Mdal transmissible plasmid. Resistance to cephalosporins was chromosomally encoded.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Sitting orthosis for patient with bilateral hip disarticulation.

A special sitting orthosis was designed and fitted for a 59-year-old patient with right-side hemiplegia and expressive aphasia who underwent bilateral hip disarticulation due to peripheral vascular disease involving both lower extremities. The orthosis prevented the patient from sliding down in the wheelchair and allowed him to sit comfortably and safely with even weight distribution that prevented formation of pressure sores. Without the orthosis, the patient was unable to sit in a wheelchair without hazardous sliding. It also helped him sitting in bed. The orthosis, strapped to the back of an amputee wheelchair equipped with an antitipping extension aid, permitted the patient to sit safely upright in a relaxed position, wheel himself more easily, use a desk arm if desired to feed himself, read, or perform other activities. The patient, when secured in the orthosis, also could be lifted easily and placed into any chair, bed, or even on the floor.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1983

Clinical findings in Southeast Asian refugees.

Since 1979, we have provided comprehensive medical care to a group of 142 Southeast Asian refugees who relocated in Connecticut. In this group, we identified clinically important issues in child development. As plotted on standard growth curves, 47% of refugee children were below the fifth percentile in height for age and 22% were below the fifth percentile in weight for height. Although these children are potentially at increased risk for nutrition-related health problems, our clinical assessment did not confirm malnutrition. We also confirm a high prevalence of intestinal parasitism (59%), positive tuberculin test results (40%), and hepatitis B antigenemia (16%), as observed previously by health authorities. We conclude that anthropometry should not replace a clinical nutritional assessment of refugee children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Hematologic abnormalities in Southeast Asian refugees.

Since 1979, we have provided comprehensive medical care to a group of 142 Southeast Asian refugees who relocated in Connecticut. In this group, we identified many hematologic abnormalities in both adults and children (18% anemias, 35% microcytosis). The majority of anemias were microcytic, secondary to iron deficiency and inherited disorders of hemoglobin synthesis. The latter were present in at least 7.5% of our population and accounted for the majority of patients with microcytosis. We conclude that hemoglobin electrophoresis and serological tests for iron stores can detect the cause of anemia found in most Southeast Asian refugees.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Bronchial secretion concentrations of tobramycin.

The mean concentrations of tobramycin in bronchial secretions from patients with pneumonia were almost two times greater than secretions from patients free of lung infection. Mean tobramycin bronchial secretion to serum concentration ratios also were higher when obtained from infected lungs (0.66 versus 0.17) These data suggest that lung infection enhances the concentrations of tobramycin in bronchial secretions.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Six-month survival of a calf with an artificial heart.

A pneumatically powered artificial heart, constructed primarily from a polyurethane, was implanted in the chest of a calf and supported the calf for more than 6 months. The heart, which was designed to fit in the chest of a 90 kilogram calf, was able to suppor the animal when it weighed 180 kilograms. During the first 105 days the calf remained strong and healthy. The animal grew progressively weaker after day 106, and by day 160 right heart failure became apparent. The principal cause of the right heart failure was an obstructive growth between the right atrium and the right ventricle. An attempt to correct the problem on day 184 with an artificial heart resulted in the animal's death.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of the surfaces of artificial hearts.

This report summarizes the surface changes seen in artificial hearts implanted in calves for periods up to four months. Fabrication defects as well as degradation resulting from wear are identified. SEM evaluation of the blood contacting surface as well as the surface of the diaphragm associated with the drive mechanisms has revealed potential problems with current heart designs and methods of fabrication. Materials evaluation of implanted hearts is crucial for a clinically useful system to evolve.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Stable antibiotic sensitivity disks.

Two methods of preparing sensitivity disks were compared for their effect on disk stability at 25 and 37 C. One method consisted of applying a solution of the antibiotic to blank disks by the conventional procedure; the second method consisted of applying the antibiotic to the disks as a suspension of crystals. Of the four beta-lactam antibiotics that were studied, disks made with suspended crystals were substantially more stable than corresponding disks made by the conventional method. The increased stability is related to the greater chemical stability of the antibiotics in the crystalline versus the amorphous state.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The nucleus paragigantocellularis and opioid withdrawal-like behavior.

Participation of the nucleus paragigantocellularis (PGi) in mediation of opioid withdrawal was examined in conscious, unrestrained, non-opioid-dependent rats, using electrical stimulation of the PGi. A characteristic series of behaviors, which resembled those seen during naloxone-precipitated withdrawal from dependence on the opioid agonist, butorphanol, was elicited during 30 min of PGi stimulation. Thus, the behavioral syndrome has been termed opioid withdrawal-like. Simultaneous microdialysis measurement of glutamate within the locus ceruleus indicated a positive correlation between extracellular glutamate concentrations and behavioral responses. Behavioral responses were inhibited by 50% during reverse dialysis perfusion of the locus ceruleus with the glutamate receptor antagonist, kynurenic acid, without any effect on glutamate concentrations. Thus, increases in locus ceruleus glutamate partially mediate opioid withdrawal-like behavior. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of the opioid antagonist, naloxone, or of the mu-selective (beta-funaltrexamine) or the delta-selective (naltrindole) opioid antagonists decreased, but did not abolish, stimulation-induced behavioral responses. Similar i.c.v. injections of the kappa-selective antagonist, nor-binaltorphimine, had no effect on behavioral responses to PGi stimulation. Activation of the PGi by electrical stimulation can elicit behaviors similar to those observed during opioid withdrawal. Moreover, additional levels of complexity are evident in the neuropharmacology of PGi stimulation-induced opioid withdrawal-like behavior.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Limerick Leg-Ulcer Project: early results.

Nurse led clinics in joint hospital and community settings are now being advocated as the most effective and economic way of dealing with leg ulcers. However, little information exists on the profile and outcome of patients with venous ulcers treated either in the community or in the hospital setting. Over a 2 yr period we assessed 134 patients with leg ulcers of whom 122 were deemed suitable for compression bandaging therapy. Thirty-four patients (28 per cent) were treated by the newly developed community service and 88 (72 per cent) were treated at the hospital clinic. Our overall healing rate for venous ulcers was 50 per cent @ 40 weeks. This probably reflects the long duration (48 per cent > 2 yr) and large size (0.5-600 cm2) of ulcer prior to treatment. There were no differences in outcome between hospital (50 per cent @ 40 weeks) and community (35 per cent @ 40 weeks) based treatment (p > 0.05). We conclude that most venous ulcers can be effectively treated in the community and resources should be provided to achieve this goal.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aortic valvar atresia, interrupted aortic arch, and quadricuspid pulmonary valve: a rare combination.

Aortic atresia and interrupted aortic arch is a rare cardiac combination. Review of the literature revealed nine cases. We present two patients with this combination and the additional finding of quadricuspid pulmonary valves, one of which was severely stenotic. In the latter patient, an aortopulmonary window was present. The other had a unique blood supply to the brachiocephalic arteries and ascending aorta from systemic collateral arteries. To the best of our knowledge, the association of a quadricuspid pulmonary valve with this combination has not been previously reported.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗