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Biomedical subjects

D Cattan

Publications and source records attributed to D Cattan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Colchicine concentration in leukocytes of patients with familial Mediterranean fever.

Free and total plasma, granulocyte and mononuclear cell colchicine concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in 30 patients with familial Mediterranean fever treated with colchicine 0.5 to 2 mg day-1. Colchicine concentrations showed a large intersubject variability in plasma (0.13-1.75 ng ml-1), granulocytes (4 to 64 ng/10(9) cells), and mononuclear cells (11.4 to 57.6 ng/10(9) cells). Whereas unbound and total plasma colchicine concentrations were well correlated, no correlation was found between total or free plasma and granulocyte or mononuclear cell colchicine concentrations and dose of administered colchicine. In contrast, total or free plasma and granulocyte or mononuclear cell colchicine concentrations were correlated using a hyperbolic function indicating saturable colchicine distribution in both leukocyte populations.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Colchicine disposition in human leukocytes after single and multiple oral administration.

Inasmuch as leukocytes were reported to be an active pharmacologic compartment, colchicine disposition was determined in plasma, granulocytes, and mononuclear cells in healthy volunteers after 1 mg oral single and multiple doses. After the single dose, maximal colchicine concentration was observed at 1 hour in plasma and 47 hours later in leukocytes. This delay was confirmed by the slow accumulation of colchicine by lymphocytes in culture. In the multiple-dose study, mean granulocyte colchicine concentration (20 to 53 ng/10(9) cells) were twofold higher than in mononuclear cells (9 to 24 ng/10(9) cells). Mean predicted colchicine multiple-dose granulocyte and mononuclear cell concentrations were 2.5-fold and ninefold higher, respectively, than those measured. After the last dose, colchicine decreased, with half-life values between 41 and 46 hours for leukocytes and 49 hours for plasma. This study validates leukocytes as a microcompartment whose kinetics correlates with colchicine biologic effects.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Argyrophil cells, mast cells, and histamine in the fundic mucosa of antrectomized patients.

Fasting gastrinemia, fundic argyrophil cell density, mast cell number, basal fundic histamine content and histidine decarboxylase activity were determined in 20 antrectomized patients and 20 control subjects. Fasting gastrinemia and fundic argyrophil cell density were significantly lower in antrectomized patients than in controls, whereas fundic mast cell number, basal histamine content, and histidine decarboxylase activity did not differ significantly between the two groups. In antrectomized patients the basal fundic histamine content appears related to the fundic mast cell number, as a consequence of the reduced effect of gastrin on argyrophil cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Evolution of fundic argyrophil cell hyperplasia in nonantral atrophic gastritis.

Fundic argyrophil cells were studied for a mean period of 68.7 months (range, 11-170) in 18 patients with fundic atrophic gastritis and achlorhydria. Initially, 12 patients had hyperplasia of the argyrophil cells, the severity of which was assessed using a semiquantitative classification based on the number of argyrophil clusters per square millimeter. At the end of the study, the degree of hyperplasia was unchanged in 9 patients, had decreased in 2, and had increased in 1; no significant increase in the number of argyrophil clusters, precarcinoid changes, or carcinoid tumors were observed and the high level of gastrinemia [mean, 4.8 (range, 1.9-8.1) times the upper limit for normal) did not change significantly. Of the 6 patients with no hyperplasia at the outset of the study, 4 continued without hyperplasia and 2 presented a low-grade hyperplasia at the 20th and 130th month. Gastrinemia increased significantly in the last patient and stayed normal in the other 5. This study argues in favor of the stable appearance of fundic argyrophil cells in patients with atrophic gastritis and stable gastrinemia.

Achlorhydria↗
PubMed1989

Circulating gastrin, endocrine cells, histamine content, and histidine decarboxylase activity in atrophic gastritis.

Thirty-five patients with fundic atrophic gastritis and achlorhydria were classified in two groups according to the presence or absence of fundic argyrophil, mostly enterochromaffinlike cell hyperplasia. Among the biologic and histologic parameters studied, the hyperplasic group differed only by a circulating hypergastrinemia and an antral G-cell hyperplasia. The histamine content, the histidine decarboxylase activity, and the mast cell number of fundic biopsies were determined in 10 controls, 16 of the preceding patients (11 with and 5 without fundic argyrophil-cell hyperplasia), and 5 patients with fundic atrophic gastritis and neither achlorhydria nor hyperplasia. Histamine content and histidine decarboxylase activity were increased only in the hyperplasic group despite an unchanged mast cell number. For all fundic biopsies the argyrophil-cell density was positively related to the histamine content. Finally, the argyrophil-cell hyperplasia occurring in fundic atrophic gastritis with achlorhydria is associated not with the gastritis intensity, as assessed by histologic and secretory criteria, but with a circulating hypergastrinemia and an increase of both fundic histamine content and histidine decarboxylase activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

In vitro effect of duodenal juice on R binders cobalamin complexes in subjects with pancreatic insufficiency: correlation with cobalamin absorption.

Absorption of cobalamin free or bound to chicken serum was assessed in nine patients with pancreatic insufficiency. Simultaneously the in vitro effect of duodenal juice collected from six patients and seven controls was tested on labelled cobalamin complexed to chicken serum or to R salivary binder. Malabsorption of free cobalamin was observed in one of nine patients and in four of nine patients when cobalamin was administered bound to chicken serum. The in vitro effect of duodenal juice on cobalamin complexed to chicken serum or to R salivary binder was studied: the percentage of free cobalamin released was significantly decreased in pancreatic insufficiency compared with controls whatever the binder used; the degradation of R salivary binder was different in pancreatic insufficiency and in controls. Despite the in vitro abnormalities observed in pancreatic insufficiency, these did not correlate with the in vivo absorption of cobalamin which was often normal in our patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Increased procoagulant response of monocytes from patients with familial Mediterranean fever.

Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an inherited disease of unknown etiology characterized by recurrent inflammatory episodes. Circulating fibrin was found in patients with FMF in absence of clinical manifestation of thrombosis and was statistically less frequently observed in patients treated with colchicine. These results suggest a cellular dysfunction. Therefore, we examined the procoagulant activity (PCA) of isolated mononuclear leukocytes and purified monocytes from FMF patients (n = 20). No PCA was detectable on freshly-isolated monocytes. After several hours of culture. FMF monocytes contained more PCA than control cells and the difference was more marked after endotoxin stimulation. Data obtained with coagulation factor-deficient plasma and anti-human apoprotein III antiserum indicated that the enhanced PCA in FMF monocytes is thromboplastin-like. Lysozyme and interleukin 1 production by monocytes were similar in patients and controls. The increased monocyte PCA appears to be due to an intrinsic and selective higher responsiveness of monocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Abdominal lymph node tuberculosis: diagnostic value of echography and x-ray computed tomography].

The aspects of abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) were studied in 4 patients (3 African and 1 Haitian) with abdominal tuberculosis. All were markedly debilitated and three patients had protracted fever. Tuberculosis was documented in all cases by demonstrating Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cultures of lymph nodes taken during laparotomy and/or cultures of products of gastric aspiration. Ultrasonography showed enlarged lymph nodes in the pancreatic and peripancreatic areas and also in the mesenteric, perivascular and hepatic pedicle areas. CT showed hypertrophied lymph nodes with low tissue density ranging from 20 to 35 Hounsfield units. Although non pathognomonic, these aspects were suggestive of tuberculosis. Intravenous contrast medium administration failed to increase the density in the center of lymph nodes but disclosed the existence of a thick hyperdense rim surrounding the hypodense center of the caseous lymph nodes. Repeated ultrasound and CT examination allowed to control the efficacy of antituberculous chemotherapy.

Abdomen↗