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Biomedical subjects

D C Martin

Publications and source records attributed to D C Martin.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Blood alcohol level and caloric intake in the gravid rat as a function of diurnal period, trimester, and vehicle.

Blood ethanol levels, caloric intake and weight gain were monitored over the 21-day gestational period in the gravid Sprague-Dawley rat as a function of the administration of ethanol in either a liquid diet (Ensure) or an aqueous saccharin solution. The mean daily percentage of ethanol consumed (38% vs 31%), and g/Kg of ethanol consumed (11.9 vs 9.7 g/Kg) were higher for the liquid diet group than the aqueous solution group. Ethanol consumption varied by the trimester in the Ensure but not in the saccharin solution rats. Proportional maternal weight gain, live litter size, and live litter weight did not vary as a function of the method of ethanol administration. Both groups exhibited significant diurnal periodicity in ethanol consumption, and the greatest caloric intake during the second trimester. The implications of these results for ethanol administration in gravid rats is discussed.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1977

Offspring survival, development, and operant performance following maternal ethanol consumption.

Gravid Sprague-Dawley-derived rats received 35-40% of their total calories in alcohol during pregnancy or pregnancy and the 23-day nursing period. Ethanol was administered both as the sole fluid source in a .1% saccharin solution and by twice daily subcutaneous injections. Two gravid control groups were matched for caloric and fluid intake to the experimental groups and received injections of the saline vehicle. The offspring were monitored from birth to adulthood on a variety of vital, developmental, and operant measures. Littermates of the behavioral offspring were sacrificed and necropsied at 1 and 12 months of age and the major organs examined for pathology. Differences between alcohol and control groups were found for maternal weight gain, length of gestation, number of neonatal deaths, growth retardation of offspring to postnatal Day 72, date of eye opening, distance traversed on Day 15, contingent performance in the 1st week on continuous reinforcement, fixed ratio, and timing appetitive schedules, and on number of shock initiations and ability to discriminate contingencies on punishment schedules. No gross abnormalities were observed in the major organs at necropsy.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1977

Tumors of the bladder in renal transplant patients: report of a case of adenocarcinoma and review of known cases.

A case is presented of adenocarcinoma of the bladder in a 36-year-old man who had undergone renal transplantation 4 years previously. Treatment was cystectomy and ileal loop diversion. A review of the known cases of bladder tumors obtained from the literature and from the Human Renal Transplant Registry is discussed. The 8 cases presented include 4 transitional cell carcinomas, 1 squamous cell carcinoma, 1 nephrogenic adenoma and 2 adenocarcinomas. The unusual occurrence of adenocarcinoma in young male subjects is noted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Nephrectomy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Growth, development and activity in rat offspring following maternal drug exposure.

Seventy-nine Sprague-Dawley derived primimparous rats were injected subcutaneously throughout pregnancy and the nursing period with either (1) 30 mg/kg of pure nicotine, (2) 5.0 mg/kg methamphetamine HCL, (3) saline vehicle, or, (4) non-injected. Vital and developmental measures were taken on the offspring throughout the nursing period and for one additional week. Metamphetamine-injected females had a shorter, and nicotine-injected females a longer gestational period, and both gained less weight over the 21-day period than the control groups. The pups of methamphetamine and nicotine dams were significantly underweight at birth and the 28 day postnatal period and exhibited developmental delay. Male offspring were divided into behavioral, aging, and autopsy on Day 28. Male offspring of methamphetamine-injected dams remained significantly lighter in weight for the first 15 months of life (aging groups). Their counterparts in the behavioral groups and the offspring of non-injected dams exhibited significantly greater activity for eight of the first twelve monthly assessments which began at 90 days of age. Additional vital, performance, and sensory measures will continue throughout the lifespan of the animals.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

Emotionally disturbed children in special schools: an analysis of ratings of disturbed behavior and perceptual handicaps.

The relationship between perceptual handicaps and adjustment was studied among 573 emotionally disturbed children from Massachusetts. Little relationship was found between perceptual handicaps and overall adjustment. Antisocial behavior was the most prominent factor related to removal from regular classrooms and placement in special residential and day schools.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1975

Polycythemia following renal transplantation.

Among 60 renal allograft recipients, 3 patients were found to be polycythemic with hematocrits greater than 55 and were studied extensively with various hematologic and radiographic procedures. None of the patients showed evidence of erythropoietin-secreting malignancies, renal cysts, hydronephrosis, or hypoxemia. All had elevated erythropoietin levels, and 1 showed evidence of platelet trapping in his transplanted kidney, suggesting that the chronic polycythemia may be related to transplant rejection.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The undescended testis: management after puberty.

The patient seen after puberty with an intra-abdominal unilateral undescended testis should have orchiectomy. The patient seen after puberty and before the age of 50 years with unilateral undescended testis in the inguinal region should have orchiectomy because the risk of death from malignancy exceeds the risk of anesthesia and orchiectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

External sphincterotomy in traumatic and non-traumatic neurogenic bladder dysfunction.

Experience with external sphincterotomy in 40 patients with traumatic and non-traumatic neurogenic bladder is reviewed. The procedure is a safe, reliable technique designed to establish a balanced neurogenic bladder in patients with detrusorsphincter dyssynergia. Spincterotomy should be performed in most patients before consideration of supravesical diversion.

Follow-Up Studies↗